snprintf函数用法（转）

1. #include <stdio.h>
2. int snprintf(char *restrict buf, size_t n, const char * restrict format, ...);

函数说明:最多从源串中拷贝n－1个字符到目标串中，然后再在后面加一个0。所以如果目标串的大小为n 的话，将不会溢出。

函数返回值:若成功则返回欲写入的字符串长度，若出错则返回负值。

Result1(推荐的用法)

1. #include <stdio.h>
2. #include <stdlib.h>
4. int main()
5. {
6. char str[10]={0,};
7. snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "0123456789012345678");
8. printf("str=%s/n", str);
9. return 0;
10. }
13. root] /root/lindatest
14. $ ./test
15. str=012345678

Result2(不推荐的用法)：

 

1. 
   
2. #include <stdio.h>
   
4. #include <stdlib.h>
6. int main()
7. {
8. char str[10]={0, };
9. snprintf(str, 18, "0123456789012345678");
10. printf("str=%s/n", str);
11. return 0;
12. }
15. root] /root/lindatest
16. $ ./test
17. str=01234567890123456

 

snprintf函数返回值的测试：

1. #include <stdio.h>
2. #include <stdlib.h>
4. int main()
5. {
6. char str1[10] ={0, };
7. char str2[10] ={0, };
8. int ret1=0,ret2=0;
9. ret1=snprintf(str1, sizeof(str1), "%s", "abc");
10. ret2=snprintf(str2, 4, "%s", "aaabbbccc");
11. printf("aaabbbccc length=%d/n", strlen("aaabbbccc"));
12. printf("str1=%s,ret1=%d/n", str1, ret1);
13. printf("str2=%s,ret2=%d/n", str2, ret2);
14. return 0;
15. }
17. [root] /root/lindatest
18. $ ./test
19. aaabbbccc length=9
20. str1=abc,ret1=3
21. str2=aaa,ret2=9

解释SIZE：

1. #include <stdio.h>
2. #include <stdlib.h>
3. int main()
4. {
5. char dst1[10] ={0, },dst2[10] ={0, };
6. char src1[10] ="aaa",src2[15] ="aaabbbcccddd";
7. int size=sizeof(dst1);
8. int ret1=0, ret2=0;
9. ret1=snprintf(dst1, size, "str :%s", src1);
10. ret2=snprintf(dst2, size, "str :%s", src2);
11. printf("sizeof(dst1)=%d, src1=%s, /"str :%%s/"=%s%s, dst1=%s, ret1=%d/n", sizeof(dst1), src1, "str :", src1, dst1, ret1);
12. printf("sizeof(dst2)=%d, src2=%s, /"str :%%s/"=%s%s, dst2=%s, ret2=%d/n", sizeof(dst2), src2, "str :", src2, dst2, ret2);
13. return 0;
14. }
15. root] /root/lindatest
16. $ ./test
17. sizeof(dst1)=10, src1=aaa, "str :%s"=str :aaa, dst1=str :aaa, ret1=8
18. sizeof(dst2)=10, src2=aaabbbcccddd, "str :%s"=str :aaabbbcccddd, dst2=str :aaab, ret2=17
20. 补充一下，snprintf的返回值是欲写入的字符串长度，而不是实际写入的字符串度。如：
21. char test[8];
22. int ret = snprintf(test,5,"1234567890");
23. printf("%d|%s/n",ret,test);
25. 运行结果为：
26. 10|1234

author :   http://blog.csdn.net/crfoxzl/archive/2008/01/23/2062139.aspx

来自为知笔记(Wiz)

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/ZhangJinkun/p/4584174.html