Cubieboard搭建Hadoop指南-CSDN博客

1.刷固件

出厂的Cubieboard是Android系统，需要Linux系统安装Hadoop，到此网址下载：

http://dl.cubieboard.org/software/a20-cubietruck/lubuntu/

①．使用PhoenixSuit一键刷机，并选择 lubuntu 系统镜像

②．电脑一方先接上 USB 线，将Cubieboard电源，电池全部拔除，按住Cubieboard FEL 按钮（此按钮在 RESET 按钮的边上）不放，此时将另外一端的 mini USB 和 Cubieboard 连接，这时候会弹出一个强制升级的提示对话框，然后就可以松开 FEL 按钮了。

③．提示对话框上选 Yes 开始刷系统。

④．刷完系统之后，拿掉和电脑连接的 USB 线，然后接上电源和网线。

2.系统配置

①．使用 linaro 用户登录上去，设置 root 的密码：

$ sudo passwd root

②．cubieboard nand 重新分区扩容

安装分区工具 nand-part (sunxi-tools)

#apt-get install git

#apt-get install build-essential

#apt-get install pkg-config libusb-1.0

#git clone https://github.com/linux-sunxi/sunxi-tools.git

#cd sunxi-tools

#make all

现在我们查看一下 nandflash：

# ls /dev/nand* -l

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 93, 0 Jan 1 2010 /dev/nand

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 93, 1 Jan 1 2010 /dev/nanda

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 93, 2 Jan 1 2010 /dev/nandb

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 93, 3 Jan 1 2010 /dev/nandc

这里的 nand 表示了整个 nandflash，nanda、nandb、nandc 则为其 3 个分区，其中：

nanda 中包含 bootlogo、script.bin、uEnv.txt 等

nandb 中为 rootfs

nandc 有 5G 左右的空间，我觉得把它合并到 nandb 似乎是一个好的想法。敲击命令 nand-part 大概能看到如下信息（只列出主要部分）：

partition 1: class = DISK, name = bootloader, partition start = 32768, partition size = 131072 user_type=0

partition 2: class = DISK, name = rootfs, partition start = 163840, partition size = 4194304 user_type=0

partition 3: class = DISK, name = UDISK, partition start = 4358144, partition size = 10584064 user_type=0

我们可以看到各个分区的大小，这样我们就可以重新规划一下：

# nand-part -f a20 /dev/nand 32768 'bootloader 131072' 'rootfs 14778368'

此命令执行后输出：

ready to write new partition tables:

mbr: version 0x00000200, magic softw411

2 partitions

partition 1: class = DISK, name = bootloader, partition start = 32768, partition size = 131072 user_type=0

partition 2: class = DISK, name = rootfs, partition start = 163840, partition size = 14778368 user_type=0

我们看到 bootloader（nanda）的大小未发生变化，rootfs（nandb）和 UDISK（nandc）合并了（4194304 + 10584064 = 14778368）。然后，我们重启一下系统，再敲击命令来完成 nandb 的扩展：

# resize2fs /dev/nandb

需要说明的是，这个重分区的过程不会破坏任何数据的。

处理完 nand 就可以开始处理我的 HDD 硬盘了。使用命令 fdisk 来查看 HDD 硬盘是否存在，执行 fdisk -l

分区fdisk /dev/sda

格式化mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

挂载mount /dev/sda1 /data

配置启动时挂载vim /etc/fstab

/dev/sda1 /data ext4 defaults 1 2

允许root用户SSH远程登录

安装OpenSSH server：

1. 使用apt命令安装openssh server

$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server

2. 可以对 openssh server进行配置

$ sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

找到PermitRootLogin no一行，改为PermitRootLogin yes

3. 重启 openssh server

$ sudo service ssh restart

4. 客户端如果是ubuntu的话，则已经安装好ssh client,可以用下面的命令连接远程服务器。

$ ssh xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

如果是windows系统的话，可以使用SSH Secure Shell等ssh软件进行远程连接。

3.安装Hadoop

Java

vim ~/.bashrc

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/java/jdk1.7.0_71

export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre

export CLASS_PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib

export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH

export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/bin:$PATH

source ~/.bashrc

hadoop-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/java/jdk1.7.0_71

export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=${HADOOP_PREFIX}/lib/native

export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_PREFIX/lib"

/etc/hostname

/etc/hosts

ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ""

root@m1:/home/hadoop# scp -r root@m2:/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/m2.pub

root@m1:/home/hadoop# scp -r root@s1:/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/s1.pub

root@m1:/home/hadoop# scp -r root@s2:/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/s2.pub

root@m1:/home/hadoop# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

root@m1:/home/hadoop# cat ~/.ssh/m2.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

root@m1:/home/hadoop# cat ~/.ssh/s1.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

root@m1:/home/hadoop# cat ~/.ssh/s2.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

root@m1:/home/hadoop# scp -r ~/.ssh/authorized_keys root@m2:~/.ssh/

root@m1:/home/hadoop# scp -r ~/.ssh/authorized_keys root@s1:~/.ssh/

root@m1:/home/hadoop# scp -r ~/.ssh/authorized_keys root@s2:~/.ssh/

core-site.xml

<name>fs.defaultFS</name>

<value>hdfs://master:9000/</value>

<description>The name of the default file system</description>

</property>

<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>

<value>/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/tmp</value>

<description>A base for other temporary directories</description>

</property>

hdfs-site.xml

<name>dfs.replication</name>

</property>

<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>

<value>/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/dfs/name</value>

</property>

<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>

<value>/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/dfs/data</value>

</property>

mapred-site.xml

<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>

</property>

yarn-site.xml

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>

<value>master</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>

<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>

</property>

slaves

slave001

slave002

scp -r hadoop-2.2.0/ hadoop@slave001:/usr/local/hadoop/

scp -r hadoop-2.2.0/ hadoop@slave002:/usr/local/hadoop/

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin$ scp -r /usr/lib/java/jdk1.7.0_71/ hadoop@slave001:/usr/lib/java/

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin$ scp -r /usr/lib/java/jdk1.7.0_71/ hadoop@slave002:/usr/lib/java/

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/bin$ hadoop namenode -format

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin$ ./start-dfs.sh

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin$ jps

3197 NameNode

3387 SecondaryNameNode

4236 Jps

hadoop@slave001:/usr/lib/java$ jps

6129 DataNode

6199 Jps

hadoop@slave002:/usr/lib/java$ jps

5229 DataNode

5301 Jps

http://10.6.4.226:50070/dfshealth.jsp

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin$ ./start-yarn.sh

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin$ jps

3197 NameNode

3387 SecondaryNameNode

4557 Jps

4310 ResourceManager

hadoop@slave001:/usr/lib/java$ jps

6129 DataNode

6377 NodeManager

6492 Jps

hadoop@slave002:/usr/lib/java$ jps

5229 DataNode

5478 NodeManager

5592 Jps

http://10.6.4.226:8088/cluster

http://10.6.4.227:8042/node

http://10.6.4.228:8042/node

/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin# ./mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin$ jps

3197 NameNode

3387 SecondaryNameNode

4609 JobHistoryServer

4310 ResourceManager

4665 Jps

http://10.6.4.226:19888/jobhistory

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/bin$ hadoop fs -mkdir -p /data/wordcount

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/bin$ hadoop fs -mkdir -p /output/

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/bin$ hadoop fs -put ../etc/hadoop/*.xml /data/wordcount/

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/bin$ hadoop fs -ls /data/wordcount

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/bin$ hadoop jar ../share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.2.0.jar wordcount /data/wordcount /output/wordcount

hadoop@master:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/bin$ hadoop fs -cat /output/wordcount/part-r-00000 |head

Eclipse开放环境配置

1.导入eclipse的hadoop开发插紧

将hadoop-eclipse-plugin-2.2.0.jar放入/opt/eclipse/plugins

重启eclipse

cd /opt/eclipse

./eclipse

1.1开启Hadoop插件

1.2配置Hadoop安装路径

1.3新建Hadoop location

Location Name：可以任意其，标识一个"Map/Reduce Location"

Map/Reduce Master

MasterPort：9001

DFS Master

Use M/R Master host：前面的勾上。（因为我们的NameNode和JobTracker都在一个机器上。）

Port：9000

User name：hadoop

接着点击"Advanced parameters"从中找见"hadoop.tmp.dir"，修改成为我们Hadoop集群中设置的地址，我们的Hadoop集群是"/home/hadoop/tmp"，这个参数在"core-site.xml"进行了配置。

要关注下面几个参数： fs.defualt.name：与core-site.xml里fs.default.name设置一致。 mapred.job.tracker：与mapred-site.xml里面mapred.job.tracker设置一致。

dfs.replication：与hdfs-site.xml里面的dfs.replication一致。

hadoop.tmp.dir：与core-site.xml里hadoop.tmp.dir设置一致。

hadoop.job.ugi：并不是设置用户名与密码。是用户与组名，所以这里填写hadoop,hadoop。

说明：第一次设置的时候可能是没有hadoop.job.ugi和dfs.replication参数的，不要紧，确认保存。打开Project Explorer中DFS Locations目录，应该可以年看到文件系统中的结构了。

至此开发环境配置完毕。

HDFS与MapReduce开发测试。

1.HDFS操作测试

1.1创建项目

1.2创建类

将core-site.xml 、hdfs-site.xml放入/home/hadoop/workspace/HDFSTest/bin工程目录下

写入代码

package com.hdfs;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;

public class DFSOperator {

private static final String ROOT_PATH ="hdfs://";

private static final int BUFFER_SIZE=4096;

public DFSOperator(){}

public static boolean createFile(String path,boolean overwrite) throws IOException{

Configuration conf= new Configuration();

FileSystem fs=FileSystem.get(conf);

Path f=new Path(ROOT_PATH+path);

fs.create(f,overwrite);

fs.close();

return true;

}

public static boolean deleteFile(String path,boolean recursive) throws IOException{

Configuration conf=new Configuration();

FileSystem fs=FileSystem.get(conf);

Path f=new Path(ROOT_PATH+path);

fs.delete(f, recursive);

fs.close();

return true;

}

public static String readDFSFileToString(String path) throws IOException{

Configuration conf =new Configuration();

FileSystem fs=FileSystem.get(conf);

Path f=new Path(ROOT_PATH+path);

InputStream in=null;

String str=null;

StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder(BUFFER_SIZE);

if(fs.exists(f)){

in=fs.open(f);

BufferedReader bf=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));

while ((str=bf.readLine())!=null) {

sb.append(str);

sb.append("\n");

}

in.close();

bf.close();

fs.close();

return sb.toString();

}

else {

return null;

}

public static boolean writeStringToDFSFile(String path,String string) throws IOException{

Configuration conf=new Configuration();

FileSystem fs=FileSystem.get(conf);

FSDataOutputStream os=null;

Path f=new Path(ROOT_PATH+path);

os=fs.create(f,true);

os.writeBytes(string);

os.close();

fs.close();

return true;

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {

DFSOperator.createFile("/hadoop/test1.txt", true);

DFSOperator.deleteFile("/hadoop/test1.txt", true);

DFSOperator.writeStringToDFSFile("/hadoop/test1.txt", "u u u good man.\nReally?\n");

System.out.println(DFSOperator.readDFSFileToString("/hadoop/test1.txt"));

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

运行

这段代码主要操作是对hdfs文件的创建、删除、以及读取。

2.Mapreduce操作测试

2.1wordcount编写。

新建MapreduceTest项目

同样需要将

新建MapClass类

package com.test.mr;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.StringTokenizer;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;

import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;

public class MapClass extends Mapper<Object, Text, Text, IntWritable> {

public Text keyText=new Text("key");

public IntWritable intValue=new IntWritable(1);

@Override

protected void map(Object key, Text value,

Mapper<Object, Text, Text, IntWritable>.Context context)

throws IOException, InterruptedException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

String str=value.toString();

StringTokenizer stringTokenizer=new StringTokenizer(str);

while (stringTokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {

keyText.set(stringTokenizer.nextToken());

System.out.print("mapkey"+keyText.toString());

System.out.println("mapvalue"+intValue);

context.write(keyText, intValue);

}

新建ReduceClass类

package com.test.mr;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;

import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;

public class ReduceClass extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable>{

public IntWritable intValue=new IntWritable(0);

@Override

protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values,

Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable>.Context context)

throws IOException, InterruptedException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

int sum=0;

int count=0;

while (values.iterator().hasNext()) {

sum+=values.iterator().next().get();

count+=1;

}

System.out.println("sum:"+sum);

System.out.println("count:"+count);

intValue.set(sum);

context.write(key, intValue);

}

新建MR类

package com.test.mr;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;

import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;

import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;

import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;

import org.apache.hadoop.util.GenericOptionsParser;

public class MR {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

Configuration conf=new Configuration();

String[] otherArgs=new GenericOptionsParser(conf, args).getRemainingArgs();

if (otherArgs.length!=2) {

System.err.println("Usage:wordcount <int> <out>");

System.exit(2);

}

Job job=new Job(conf, "word count");

job.setJarByClass(MR.class);

job.setMapperClass(MapClass.class);

job.setReducerClass(ReduceClass.class);

job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);

job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);

FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job,new Path(otherArgs[0]));

FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(otherArgs[1]));

System.exit(job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0:1);

}

运行代码

Hbase搭建

1.Hbase安装

进入master解压hbase-0.98.9-hadoop2-bin.tar.gz至/usr/local/hadoop

1.1配置hbase-env.sh

进入/usr/local/hadoop/hbase-0.98.9-hadoop2/conf

vim hbase-env.sh

修改JAVA_HOME如下

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/java/jdk1.7.0_71

1.2配置regionservers

这里的内容要与hadoop的slaves一致

master

slave1

slave2

1.3配置hbase-site.xml

添加内容如下

<name>hbase.rootdir</name>

<value>hdfs://master:9000/hbase</value>

</property>

<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>

</property>

<name>hbase.master</name>

<value>master:60000</value>

</property>

<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>

<value>master,slave1,slave2</value>

</property>

<name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>

<value>/home/hadoop/zookeeper</value>

</property>

</configuration>

1.4将slave1、slave2上Hbase安装

将master上的Hbase通过scp命令传输到slave1和slave2上

scp /usr/local/hadoop/hbase-0.98.9-hadoop2/* hadoop@slave1:/usr/local/hadoop/hbase-0.98.9-hadoop2/

scp /usr/local/hadoop/hbase-0.98.9-hadoop2/* hadoop@slave2:/usr/local/hadoop/hbase-0.98.9-hadoop2/

1.5配置profile

修改三个节点的profile

vim /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/java/jdk1.7.0_71

export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre

export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib

export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0

export HBASE_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop/hbase-0.98.9-hadoop2

export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HBASE_HOME/bin:$PATH

使profile生效

source vim /etc/profile

1.6开启Hbase

进入master

切换到hadoop用户

su - hadoop

start-hbase.sh

使用jps命令查看master slave1 slave2进程

Master进程如下

Slave1进程如下

2.Hbase基本操作

2.1执行hbsae shell命令，进入hbase控制台

2.2显示创建的表

输入list命令，如果正常执行，表示hbase启动成功

Test为之前创建的表

2.3 Hbase基本操作

操作

命令表达式

创建表

create 'table_name, 'family1','family2','familyN'

添加记录

put 'table_name', 'rowkey', 'family:column', 'value'

查看记录

get 'table_name, 'rowkey'

查看表中的记录总数

count 'table_name'

删除记录

delete 'table_name' ,'rowkey' , 'family:column'

deleteall 'table_name','rowkey'

删除一张表

先 disable 'table_name'

再 drop 'table_name'

查看所有记录

scan "table_name" ,很危险最好加LIMIT ： scan 'table_name',LIMIT=>10

查看某个表某个列中所有数据

scan "table" , {COLUMNS =>['family1:','family2' VERSIONS=2]} VERSIONS 选填

来自为知笔记(Wiz)

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/sanyuanempire/p/6164154.html