1.9 The Py_BuildValue() Function
This function is the counterpart to PyArg_ParseTuple(). It is declared as follows:
这个函数与函数PyArg_ParseTuple()配对。函数声明如下:
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PyObject *Py_BuildValue(char *format, ...);
It recognizes a set of format units similar to the ones recognized by PyArg_ParseTuple(), but the arguments (which are input to the function, not
它与函数PyArg_ParseTuple()都可以识别相同的格式单元集,但是参数(输入而非输出函数)
output) must not be pointers, just values. It returns a new Python object, suitable for returning from a C function called from Python.
不能是指针,只能是数值。它返回一个新的Python对象,适合从Python调用C函数中返回。
One difference with PyArg_ParseTuple(): while the latter requires its first argument to be a tuple (since Python argument lists are always
与PyArg_ParseTuple()不同的是:后者要求它的第一个参数为元组(因为Python的参数列表在内部总是表现为元组),
represented as tuples internally), Py_BuildValue() does not always build a tuple. It builds a tuple only if its format string contains two or more
如果格式字符串为空,它返回None;如果只包含一个格式单元,则它返回由格式单元描述类型相一致的对象。
format unit. To force it to return a tuple of size 0 or one, parenthesize the format string.
要强制返回大小为0或1的元组,则给给格式字符串加上括号。
In the following description, the quoted form is the format unit; the entry in (round) parentheses is the Python object type that the format unit
下面的描述,引号内的是格式单元;圆括号内的是格式单元将要返回的Python对象类型;
will return; and the entry in [square] brackets is the type of the C value(s) to be passed.
方括号内的是传递给函数的C的数值类型。
The characters space, tab, colon and comma are ignored in format strings (but not within format units such as "s#"). This can be used to make
格式字符串中的空格,制表符,冒号和逗号将被忽略(在类似"s#"格式单元中的除外)。使用这些字符可以增强格式字符串的可读性。
long format strings a tad more readable.
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"s" (string) [char *]
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Convert a null-terminated C string to a Python object. If the C string pointer is
NULL,
None is returned.
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Convert a C string and its length to a Python object. If the C string pointer is
NULL, the length is ignored and
None is returned.
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Same as "
s".
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Same as "
s#".
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Convert a plain C
int to a Python integer object.
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Same as "
i".
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Same as "
i".
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Convert a C
long int to a Python integer object.
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Convert a C
int representing a character to a Python string of length 1.
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Convert a C
double to a Python floating point number.
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Same as "
d".
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Pass a Python object untouched (except for its reference count, which is incremented by one). If the object passed in is a
NULL pointer, it is assumed that this was caused because the call producing the argument found an error and set an exception. Therefore,
Py_BuildValue() will return
NULL but won't raise an exception. If no exception has been raised yet,
PyExc_SystemError is set.
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Same as "
O".
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Same as "
O", except it doesn't increment the reference count on the object. Useful when the object is created by a call to an object constructor in the argument list.
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Convert
anything to a Python object through a
converter function. The function is called with
anything (which should be compatible with
void *) as its argument and should return a ``new'' Python object, or
NULL if an error occurred.
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Convert a sequence of C values to a Python tuple with the same number of items.
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Convert a sequence of C values to a Python list with the same number of items.
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Convert a sequence of C values to a Python dictionary. Each pair of consecutive C values adds one item to the dictionary, serving as key and value, respectively.
If there is an error in the format string, the PyExc_SystemError exception is raised and NULL returned.
Examples (to the left the call, to the right the resulting Python value):
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Py_BuildValue("") None
Py_BuildValue("i", 123) 123
Py_BuildValue("iii", 123, 456, 789) (123, 456, 789)
Py_BuildValue("s", "hello") 'hello'
Py_BuildValue("ss", "hello", "world") ('hello', 'world')
Py_BuildValue("s#", "hello", 4) 'hell'
Py_BuildValue("()") ()
Py_BuildValue("(i)", 123) (123,)
Py_BuildValue("(ii)", 123, 456) (123, 456)
Py_BuildValue("(i,i)", 123, 456) (123, 456)
Py_BuildValue("[i,i]", 123, 456) [123, 456]
Py_BuildValue("{s:i,s:i}",
"abc", 123, "def", 456) {'abc': 123, 'def': 456}
Py_BuildValue("((ii)(ii)) (ii)",
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) (((1, 2), (3, 4)), (5, 6)) -