java.io.file读文件_java使用IO读写文件总结

每次用到IO的读写文件都老忘记写法，都要翻过往笔记，今天总结下，省的以后老忘。java读写文件的IO流分两大类，字节流和字符流，基类分别是字符：Reader和Writer；字节：InputStream和OutPutStream，

1、字符流分为FileReader和FileWrtier，这两个的父类是InputStreamReader和OutStreamWrtier

2、字节流分为FileInputStream和FileOutPutStream

关系网：

Reader->InputStreamReader->FileReader

Reader->BufferedReader

Writer->OutputStreamWriter->FileWriter

Writer->BufferedWriter

InputStream->FileInputStream。FileInputStream 用于读取诸如图像数据之类的原始字节流。要读取字符流，请考虑使用 FileReader。

InputStream->FilterInputStream->BufferedInputStream

OutputStream->FileOutputStream。FileOutputStream 用于写入诸如图像数据之类的原始字节的流。要写入字符流，请考虑使用 FileWriter

OutputStream->FilterOutputStream->BufferedOutputStream

流的程序一般分以下四步：

1.创建文件对象 File file = new File("xxx.txt");

2.用流装载文件 FileReader fr = new FileReader(file);

3.如果用缓冲区，则用缓冲区装载流，用缓冲区是为了提高读写性能 BufferReader br = new BufferReader(fr);

4.开始读写操作 String s = null; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); while((s=br.readLine()!=null) { sb.append(s); } 如果遇到字节流要转换成字符流，则在缓冲区前加一步 InputStreamReader isr = new InpuStreamReader(InputStream in); 或者需要编码转换的，则在缓冲区前加一步 InputStreamReader isr = new InpuStreamReader(InputStream in，Charset cs);

下面的代码分别是复制文本文件、图像文件。字节转换字符的操作：

packagecom.io;importjava.io.BufferedInputStream;importjava.io.BufferedOutputStream;importjava.io.BufferedReader;importjava.io.BufferedWriter;importjava.io.FileInputStream;importjava.io.FileOutputStream;importjava.io.FileReader;importjava.io.FileWriter;importjava.io.IOException;importjava.io.InputStream;importjava.io.InputStreamReader;importjava.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;importcom.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW;/***@authorQiaoJiafei

*@version创建时间：2016年4月12日 下午12:03:37

* 类说明*/

public classTestIO {public static void main(String[] args) throwsIOException {

testFileReader();

testFileInputStream();

}private static void testInputStream() throwsIOException {

InputStream ist=System.in;

BufferedReader br= new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(ist,"uft-8"));

String s= "";while ((s=br.readLine())!=null) {

System.out.println(s);

}

br.close();

}private static void testFileReader() throwsIOException {

FileReader reader= new FileReader("/Users/qiaojiafei/Documents/test.txt");

FileWriter writer= new FileWriter("/Users/qiaojiafei/Documents/test_copy.txt");

BufferedReader bReader= newBufferedReader(reader);

BufferedWriter bWriter= newBufferedWriter(writer);

String temp= "";while((temp=bReader.readLine())!=null) {

bWriter.write(temp);

}

bWriter.flush();

bWriter.close();

bReader.close();

}private static void testFileInputStream() throwsIOException {

FileInputStream fis= new FileInputStream("/Users/qiaojiafei/Documents/zz.png");

FileOutputStream fos= new FileOutputStream("/Users/qiaojiafei/Documents/zz_copy.png");

BufferedInputStream bInputStream= newBufferedInputStream(fis);

BufferedOutputStream bOutputStream= newBufferedOutputStream(fos);int temp = 0;while((temp=bInputStream.read()) != -1) {

bOutputStream.write(temp);

}

bOutputStream.flush();

bOutputStream.close();

bInputStream.close();

}

}