题目描述
编写一个程序,定义抽象基类Shape,由它派生出5个派生类: Circle(圆形)、Square(正方形)、Rectangle(矩形)、Trapezoid(梯形)、Triangle(三角形)。
用虚函数分别计算几种图形面积,并求它们之和。
要求用基类指针数组,使它每一个元素指向一个派生类对象。
输入
圆的半径
正方形的边长
矩形的边长
梯形的上底和下底,高
三角形的底与高
输出
所有图形面积之和(结果保留两位小数)
样例输入
12.6
3.5
4.5 8.4
2.0 4.5 3.2
4.5 8.4
样例输出
total of all areas=574.11
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
class Shape
{
public:
Shape(){}
virtual float area()const=0;
};
class Circle:public Shape
{
public:
Circle(float r):radius(r){}
virtual float area()const {return radius*radius*3.1415926;}
private:
float radius;
};
class Square:public Shape
{
public:
Square(float l):liang(l){}
virtual float area() const{return liang*liang;}
private:
float liang;
};
class Rectangle:public Shape
{
public:
Rectangle(float a,float b):chang(a),kuan(b){}
virtual float area()const{return chang*kuan;}
private:
float chang,kuan;
};
class Trapezoid:public Shape
{
public:
Trapezoid(float s,float x,float g):shang(s),xia(x),gao(g){}
virtual float area()const{return (shang+xia)*gao*0.5;}
private:
float shang,xia,gao;
};
class Triangle:public Shape
{
public:
Triangle(float d,float g):di(d),gao(g){}
virtual float area()const{return di*gao*0.5;}
private:
float di,gao;
};
int main()
{
float r,a,b,w1,w2,w,h;
cout<<fixed<<setprecision(2);
cin>>r;
Circle circle(r);
cin>>a;
Square square(a);
cin>>a>>b;
Rectangle rectangle(a,b);
cin>>w1>>w2>>h;
Trapezoid trapezoid(w1,w1,h);
cin>>w>>h;
Triangle triangle(w,h);
Shape *pt[5]= {&circle,&square,&rectangle,&trapezoid,&triangle};
double areas=0.0;
for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
areas=areas+pt[i]->area();
cout<<"total of all areas="<<areas<<endl;
return 0;
}