ABAP 字符串处理

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-19 18:07:37 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-19 18:07:37 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/jiaoao/archive/2013/06/06/3120676.html

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1. 字符串连接
CONCATENATE dobj1 dobj2 ... INTO result
[IN { BYTE | CHARACTER } MODE]
[SEPARATED BY sep].

2.字符串分隔, split 一个string的部分到一个内表或一系列的变量
SPLIT dobj AT sep INTO
{ {result1 result2 ...} | {TABLE result_tab} }
[IN {BYTE|CHARACTER} MODE].

3. 字符串查找, 在一个字符串中查找模式串(FIND or SEARCH)
FIND sub_string
IN SECTION [OFFSET off] [LENGTH len] OF dobj --> 灰色部分用来缩小目的串被查找的范围
[ IN { BYTE | CHARACTER } MODE ]
[ { RESPECTING | IGNORING } CASE ]
[ MATCH OFFSET moff ] [MATCH LENGTH mlen ].

FIND 'knows'
IN SECTION OFFSET 5 OF 'Everybody knows this is nowhere'
MATCH OFFSET moff " => moff = 10
MATCH LENGTH mlen. " => mlen= 5

在字符串dobj中查找pattern
SEARCH dobj FOR pattern [IN { BYTE | CHARACTER } MODE]
[STARTING AT p1] [ENDING AT p2]
[ABBREVIATED]
[AND MARK].
if sy-subrc = 0. then SY-FDPOS = 返回pattern在dobj中的位置
About pattern:
'pat' - 忽略尾部空格
'.pat.' -不忽略尾部空格
'*pat' - 以pat结尾
'pat*' - 以pat开始
单词是指:　用空格 , ; : ? ! () / + =分隔的字串

4. 字符串替换
REPLACE SECTION [OFFSET off] [LENGTH len]
OF dobj WITH new
[IN { BYTE | CHARACTER } MODE].

REPLACE [{FIRST OCCURRENCE}|{ALL OCCURRENCES} OF]
[SUBSTRING] sub_string
IN [SECTION [OFFSET off] [LENGTH len] OF ] dobj WITH new
[IN {BYTE|CHARACTER} MODE]
[{RESPECTING|IGNORING} CASE]
[REPLACEMENT COUNT rcnt]
[REPLACEMENT OFFSET roff]
[REPLACEMENT LENGTH rlen].
eg:
DATA: text1 TYPE string VALUE 'xababx'.
REPLACE 'ab' IN text1 WITH 'xx'. --> xxxabx

5. 去前导0 (Remove leading zero)
SHIFT dobj LEFT DELETING LEADING '0'.
FM : CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT

增前导0 (Add leading zero)
DATA v_s(5).
UNPACK '123' to v_s. ==> v_s = '00123'
FM: CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_INPUT

SHIFT dobj
[{BY num PLACES} | {UP TO sub_string}]
[LEFT|RIGHT] [CIRCULAR]
SHIFT dobj
{LEFT DELETING LEADING} | {RIGHT DELETING TRAILING} pattern.
[IN {BYTE|CHARACTER} MODE].

6. 字符串的长度, 内表的行数
STRLEN( dobj) 字符串的长度
LINES( itab ) 内表的行数

7. 删字符串中的空格: CONDENSE text [NO-GAPS].

8. 大小写转换，字符变换
TRANSLATE text {TO {UPPER|LOWER} CASE} | {USING pattern}.
eg: text = `Barbcbdbarb`.
TRANSLATE text USING 'ABBAabba'. =>'Abracadabra'

9. CONVERT
CONVERT DATE dat [TIME tim [DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME dst]]
INTO TIME STAMP time_stamp TIME ZONE tz.

CONVERT TIME STAMP time_stamp TIME ZONE tz
INTO [DATE dat] [TIME tim]
[DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME dst].

CONVERT TEXT text INTO SORTABLE CODE hex.

10. OVERLAY text1 WITH text2 [ONLY pattern].
如果不指定后面的ONLY pattern, text1中的空格会被text2中的对应字符替代
如果指定只有匹配的字符才会被替代，注意大小写敏感

11. 模式匹配
CO / CN contains only or not
CA / NA contains any or not any
CS / NS contain string or not
CP / NP contains pattern or not

NOTE:
a) . CO, NO, CA, NA比较时区分大小写，　并且尾部空格也在比较的范围之内
data: s1(10) value 'aabb'.
if s1 co 'ab' ==> false
if s1 co 'ab ' ==>true
CS, NS, CP, NP不区分大小写和尾部空格

b) .对于CP, NP
* = \s?
+ = \s
# 换码字符, 用于匹配 *, +这样的字符
##
#*
#+
#___ 比较结尾空格
#[a-z] 在CP, NP中强制区分大小写

c) . 比较结束后，如果结果为真，sy-fdpos将给出s2在s1中的偏移量信息

12. 特殊字符
在字符串中加入回车换行或TAB字符，在其他语言可以使用$13$10这样的ASCII码进行插入.但在ABAP中要使用sap的类CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES. 里面有字符常量:CR_LF,HORIZONTAL_TAB,NEWLINE等等.

13. 字符串位操作
DATA: v_s(10) value 'abcd'.
v_s+0(1) = 'b'.
v_s+2(*) = '12'.
=> v_s = 'bb12'

1．字符转ASCII
URL_ASCII_CODE_GET
特点：根据这个算法可以中文转ASCII

DATA: char_cd(2) TYPE c.

CALL FUNCTION 'URL_ASCII_CODE_GET'

EXPORTING

trans_char = 'A'

IMPORTING

char_code = char_cd.

WRITE /: char_cd.

2. 利用cl_rpe_convert字符与ASCII互转

DATA: str TYPE string ,

xstr TYPE xstring,

l_con TYPE REF TO cl_rpe_convert .

START-OF-SELECTION.

CREATE OBJECT l_con.

CALL METHOD l_con->string_to_xstring

EXPORTING

input = 'ABC'

IMPORTING

output = xstr.

CALL METHOD l_con->xstring_to_string

EXPORTING

input = '426172727942'

IMPORTING

output = str.

WRITE / : xstr ,str.

3. 特殊字符处理利用类CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES在字符串中加入tab字符，回车换行符，换页符

DATA: str TYPE string ,

xstr TYPE xstring,

l_con TYPE REF TO cl_rpe_convert .

START-OF-SELECTION.

CREATE OBJECT l_con.

str = cl_abap_char_utilities=>cr_lf.

CALL METHOD l_con->string_to_xstring

EXPORTING

input = str

IMPORTING

output = xstr.

CALL METHOD l_con->xstring_to_string

EXPORTING

input = '4213'

IMPORTING

output = str.

WRITE / : xstr ,str.

字符串加回车换行TAB符号

所有字符在下面的类中：
cl_abap_char_utilities=>horizontal_tab — 09
cl_abap_char_utilities=>CR_LF ———- 0D0A
cl_abap_char_utilities=>VERTICAL_TAB — 0B
cl_abap_char_utilities=>NEWLINE —- 0A
cl_abap_char_utilities=>FORM_FEED —- 0C
cl_abap_char_utilities=>BACKSPACE — 08
如果是要单独取得回车或者换行（不是回车加换行），可以采用：

cl_abap_char_utilities=>CR_LF(1)
cl_abap_char_utilities=>CR_LF 1(1)

从EXCEl文件中传上的文件的回车符就是cl_abap_char_utilities=>CR_LF 1(1)

DATA: crlf(2) TYPE c.
crlf = cl_ABAP_char_utilities=>cr_lf. "换行符

在字符串中加入回车换行或TAB字符，在其他语言可以使用$13$10的ASCII码进行插入.而在abap里却出错,为了解决此问题,请使用sap的类CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES.

CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES中有字符常量:如:CR_LF,HORIZONTAL_TAB,NEWLINE等等.

例:

DATA: crlf(2) TYPE c.

DATA: l_html(4096) TYPE C.

crlf = cl_ABAP_char_utilities=>cr_lf.

CONCATENATE l_html crlf '_FUNCTION'

'30'

'WWW_GET_REPORT' '>' INTO l_html.

----

调用方法产生文件路径对话框

DATA: p_file LIKE rlgrap-filename.

FIELD-SYMBOLS <fs> TYPE file_table.

FIELD-SYMBOLS <f>.

DATA: f_table TYPE filetable.

DATA: rc TYPE i.

DATA: user_action TYPE i.

DATA: l_index TYPE i.

CALL METHOD cl_gui_frontend_services=>file_open_dialog

EXPORTING

window_title = '请选择要汇入的文件'

file_filter = 'Excel files (*.XLS)|*.XLS'

initial_directory = 'D:\'

CHANGING

file_table = f_table

rc = rc

user_action = user_action

EXCEPTIONS

cntl_error = 1

file_open_dialog_failed = 2

error_no_gui = 3.

CALL METHOD cl_gui_cfw=>flush

EXCEPTIONS cntl_system_error = 1

cntl_error = 2.

CLEAR p_file.

READ TABLE f_table ASSIGNING <fs> INDEX 1.

IF sy-subrc = 0.

p_file = <fs>-filename.

ENDIF.

在编写SAP程序时，程序员经常需要将常字符串进行分割，在字符串中加入回车换行或TAB字符，在其他语言可以使用$13$10的ASCII码进行插入.而在abap里却出错,为了解决此问题,请使用sap的类CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES.
CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES中有字符常量:如:CR_LF,HORIZONTAL_TAB,NEWLINE等等.
下面给出字符串中加入回车换行的示例:

DATA: crlf(2) TYPE c.
DATA: l_html(4096) TYPE C.
crlf = cl_ABAP_char_utilities=>cr_lf.
CONCATENATE l_html crlf '_FUNCTION'
'30'
'WWW_GET_REPORT' '>' INTO l_html.

string的标准函数

查找: FIND [{FIRST OCCURRENCE}|{ALL OCCURRENCES} OF] pattern IN dobj
替换: REPLACE [{FIRST OCCURRENCE}|{ALL OCCURRENCES} OF] pattern IN dobj WITH new
REPLACE SECTION [OFFSET off] [LENGTH len] OF dobj WITH new
移动:SHIFT c [BY n PLACES] [mode]
拼接:CONCATENATE c1 ... cn INTO c [SEPARATED BY s]
分割:SPLIT c AT del INTO c1 ... cn.
大小写转换:TRANSLATE text TO UPPER CASE.
TRANSLATE text TO LOWER CASE.
字符串覆盖:OVERLAY c1 WITH c2 [ONLY str].
压缩字符串:CONDENSE c [NO-GAPS].

系统扩张的string函数(函数组CSTR)

STRING_LENGTH
STRING_CONCATENATE
STRING_MOVE_RIGHT
STRING_REVERSE
STRING_SPLIT
STRING_CENTER
TEXT_SPLIT
STRING_SPLIT_AT_POSITION
OVERLAY_BYTE
SJIS_SBC_TO_DBC
SJIS_DBC_TO_SBC

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/jiaoao/archive/2013/06/06/3120676.html