linux 内核加载问题

刚开始学习linux内核加载，第一次加载最简单的hello模块的时没出什么问题，成功的在messages上看到了输出的hello，但第二次做模块间调用时遇到一个问题。

附源码：

export_symbol.c

 1 //export_symbol.c
 2 #include<linux/module.h>
 3 
 4 MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
 5 
 6 int add_(int a, int b)
 7 {
 8     printk(KERN_INFO"a+b\n");
 9     return (a+b);
10 }
11 
12 int sub_(int a,int b)
13 {
14     printk(KERN_INFO"a-b\n");
15     return (a-b);
16 }
17 
18 EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_);
19 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sub_);
20 
21 EXPORT_SYMBLE(add_);
22 EXPORT_SYMBLE(sub_);
23 
24 int init_module(void)
25 {
26     printk(KERN_INFO"Hello,I am module one!\n");
27     return 0;
28 }
29 
30 void cleanup_module(void)
31 {
32     printk(KERN_INFO"Module One:Goodbye everybody!\n");
33 }
34 
35 MODULE_AUTHOR("Eggerxu");
36 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Simple module1");
37 MODULE_VERSION("Ver 0.1");

simple_calculation.c

 1 //simple_calculation.c
 2 #include<linux/init.h>
 3 #include<linux/module.h>
 4 
 5 MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
 6 
 7 static char *user_name = "eggerxu";
 8 static int first_operator = 0;
 9 static int second_operator = 0;
10 int result = 0;
11 
12 extern int add_(int a,int b);
13 extern int sub_(int a,int b);
14 
15 int init_module(void)
16 {
17     printk(KERN_INFO"Hello,I am module two!\n");
18     printk(KERN_INFO"%s,Welcome to use this simple calculator !\n",user_name);
19     result = add_(first_operator,second_operator);
20     printk(KERN_INFO"Result of %d + %d :%d",first_operator,second_operator,result);
21     return 0;
22 }
23 
24 void cleanup_module(void)
25 {
26     printk(KERN_INFO"Module two:Goodbye %s\n",user_name);
27     result = sub_(first_operator,second_operator);
28     printk(KERN_INFO"Result of %d - %d : %d",first_operator,second_operator,result);
29     return ;
30 }
31 
32 module_param(user_name,charp,S_IRUGO);
33 module_param(first_operator,int,S_IRUGO);
34 module_param(second_operator,int,S_IRUGO);
35 
36 EXPORT_SYMBOL(user_name);
37 EXPORT_SYMBOL(first_operator);
38 EXPORT_SYMBOL(second_operator);
39 MODULE_AUTHOR("Eggerxu");
40 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Simple Module two,used to calculate simple nums");
41 MODULE_VERSION("Ver 0.1");

module1的makefile

ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)

obj-m +=export_symbol.o

else 
PWD :=$(shell pwd)
KVER ?=$(shell uname -r)
KDIR :=/lib/modules/$(KVER)/build

all:
    $(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD)
clean:
    rm -rf *.o *.mod.c *.ko *.symvers
endif

module2的makefile

 1 ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
 2 
 3 obj-m+= simple_calculation.o
 4 
 5 else
 6 PWD :=$(shell pwd)
 7 KVER ?=$(shell uname -r)
 8 KDIR :=/lib/modules/$(KVER)/build
 9 KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS=/home/eric/main/module/module1/Module.symvers
10 all:
11     $(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD)
12 clean:
13     rm -rf *.0 *.mod.c *.ko *.symvers
14 endif

export_symbol.ko文件正常加载，但在加载simple_calculation.ko并导入参数时出现了错误.

terminal上显示：

insmod: error inserting './simple_calculation.ko': -1 Unknown symbol in module

然后查看messages显示结果如下：

7573 Nov  9 11:43:50 ubuntu kernel: [  801.506758] simple_calculation: no symbol version for sub_
7574 Nov  9 11:43:50 ubuntu kernel: [  801.506765] simple_calculation: Unknown symbol sub_
7575 Nov  9 11:43:50 ubuntu kernel: [  801.506962] simple_calculation: no symbol version for add_
7576 Nov  9 11:43:50 ubuntu kernel: [  801.506966] simple_calculation: Unknown symbol add_

terminal上的显示毫无帮助，messages上显示说两个调用函数无symbol version，可是在export_symbol.c中我明明已经写了

EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sub_);

为什么第二个模块无法找到呢？然后就上网查了一下，原来是2.6.26之后内核的问题，在编译第二个模块时搜索Module.symvers的路径顺序为先检查内核源路径如/usr/src/kernels/linux-2.6.26，然后是Makefile中的M=指定的路径而这个路径等效于变量KBUILD_EXTMOD的值，再然后就是变量KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS的值了。于是我就在simple_calculation的Makefile中添加了KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS=home/eric/moudle/moudle1/Module.symvers 指向export_symbol的Module.symvers文件，这样在编译第二个模块时就能找到第一个模块的Module.symvers 了。然后重新make，然后执行，问题顺利解决

结果如下:

7792 Nov  9 12:19:30 ubuntu kernel: [ 2941.555535] Hello,I am module one!

 

7924 Nov  9 12:37:39 ubuntu kernel: [ 4030.776677] Hello,I am module two!

7925 Nov  9 12:37:39 ubuntu kernel: [ 4030.776684] xiaoming,Welcome to use this simple calculator !

7926 Nov  9 12:37:39 ubuntu kernel: [ 4030.776688] a+b

7927 Nov  9 12:37:46 ubuntu kernel: [ 4030.776692] Result of 123 + 23 :146

 

7934 Nov  9 12:38:40 ubuntu kernel: [ 4091.302613] Module two:Goodbye xiaoming

7935 Nov  9 12:38:40 ubuntu kernel: [ 4091.302618] a-b

7936 Nov  9 12:38:46 ubuntu kernel: [ 4091.302622] Result of 123 - 23 : 100

 

7939 Nov  9 12:39:05 ubuntu kernel: [ 4116.874817] Module One:Goodbye everybody!

 

刚开始接触linux内核，很多东西不懂，这次遇到的关于内核的问题还是在另一个论坛上遇到的，然后又去了kernal的官网上看了一下有关kernel2.6的相关bug才解决的问题。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/eric-he-yeah/archive/2011/11/09/2242386.html