mysql配置文件运行原理_MySQL主从复制原理及其配置过程

一、MySQL复制原理。

二、MySQL复制配置。

一、MySQL复制原理

1.MySQL复制原理图

复制原理：

Slave启动IO Thread和SQL Thread

Master启动DumpThread

1.Slave通过IO Thread向Master的Dump Thread发送请求，Master的Dump Thread请求本地的binlog。

2.Master读取本地的binlog，并将读取内容发送给Slave的IO Thread线程。

3.Slave的IO Thread将收到的内容，写入到本地的relaylog中。

4.Slave的SQL Thread读取本地的relaylog文件内容。

5.Slave的SQL Thread将读取的内容写入到本地数据库。

二、MySQL复制配置

1.MySQL复制图

2.配置Master

2.1.修改Master配置文件vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

#开启二进制日志文件

log-bin = mysql-bin

#配置唯一server id

server-id = 1

#事务安全

sync_master_info = 1

sync_binlog = 1

innodb_support_xa = ON

2.2.Master配置文件全文[client]

port  = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 256M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 256

sort_buffer_size = 1M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_size= 16M

thread_concurrency = 8

log-bin=mysql-bin

binlog_format=mixed

server-id = 1

sync_master_info = 1

sync_binlog = 1

innodb_support_xa = ON

datadir = /data/mysql/3306/data

innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/3306/data

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/3306/data

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M

innodb_log_file_size = 64M

innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

innodb_file_per_table = ON

skip_name_resolve = ON

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 128M

sort_buffer_size = 128M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

2.3.创建复制权限的用户MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.1.5' identified by 'slavepass';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.39 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

3.配置Slave

3.1.修改Slave配置文件vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

#设置唯一ID

server-id = 3

#启用relay log

relay_log= relay-log

relay_log_index=relay-log.index

#事务安全

skip_slave_start = ON

sync_relay_log = 1

sync_relay_log_info = 1

3.3.slave配置文件全文[client]

port            = 3306

socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

port            = 3306

socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 256M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 256

sort_buffer_size = 1M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_size= 16M

thread_concurrency = 8

server-id = 3

relay_log= relay-log

relay_log_index=relay-log.index

skip_slave_start = ON

sync_relay_log = 1

sync_relay_log_info = 1

innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/3306/data

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/3306/data

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M

innodb_log_file_size = 64M

innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

innodb_file_per_table = ON

skip_name_resolve = ON

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 128M

sort_buffer_size = 128M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

4.开始复制

4.1.在Master上查看binlog Pos点MariaDB [(none)]> show master status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

File: mysql-bin.000008

Position: 652

Binlog_Do_DB:

Binlog_Ignore_DB:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4.2.在slave上执行同步操作MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.1.4',master_user='repl',master_password='slavepass',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000008',master_log_pos=652;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.93 sec)

4.3.在slave上启动slaveMariaDB [(none)]> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

4.3.在slave上查看slave状态MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.1.4

Master_User: repl

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 652

Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000002

Relay_Log_Pos: 537

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 652

Relay_Log_Space: 829

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 1

Master_SSL_Crl:

Master_SSL_Crlpath:

Using_Gtid: No

Gtid_IO_Pos:

Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:

Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:

Parallel_Mode: conservative

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

5.测试同步

5.1.在master创建数据MariaDB [(none)]> create database ckldb;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.37 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use ckldb;

Database changed

MariaDB [ckldb]> create table jone(id int,name varchar(30));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.29 sec)

MariaDB [ckldb]> insert into jone values(1,'wukaka');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.49 sec)

MariaDB [ckldb]> delete from jone;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec)

MariaDB [ckldb]> insert into jone values(1,'wukaka'),(2,'side');

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.06 sec)

Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

MariaDB [ckldb]> select * from jone;

+------+--------+

| id   | name   |

+------+--------+

|    1 | wukaka |

|    2 | side   |

+------+--------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

5.2.在slave上查看MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| ckldb              |

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| test               |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.34 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use ckldb;

Database changed

MariaDB [ckldb]> show tables;

+-----------------+

| Tables_in_ckldb |

+-----------------+

| jone            |

+-----------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [ckldb]> select * from jone;

+------+--------+

| id   | name   |

+------+--------+

|    1 | wukaka |

|    2 | side   |

+------+--------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

注意，如果主库已经运行很久，同步之前最好，备份主库，记录binlog Pos点。将备份导入到slave库

，然后从binlog Pos开始恢复。