快速开始
安装
pip install djangorestframework
创建django项目
django-admin startproject mydrf
创建APP
cd mydrf
python3 manage.py startapp app01
配置文件修改(settings.py)
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'rest_framework',
'app01',
]
#对于匿名只读
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
# Use Django's standard `django.contrib.auth` permissions,
# or allow read-only access for unauthenticated users.
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.permissions.DjangoModelPermissionsOrAnonReadOnly'
]
}
创建数据库表(app01下的models.py)
class IDC(models.Model):
'''机房'''
name = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Host(models.Model):
hostname = models.CharField(max_length=64,unique=True)
ip_addr = models.GenericIPAddressField()
port = models.SmallIntegerField(default=22)
idc = models.ForeignKey('IDC',blank=True,null=True)
system_type_choices = ((0,'Linux'),(1,'Windows'))
system_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=system_type_choices,default=0)
memo = models.CharField(max_length=128,blank=True,null=True)
enabled = models.BooleanField(default=1,verbose_name="启用本机")
class Meta:
unique_together = ('ip_addr','port')
verbose_name = "主机表"
def __str__(self):
return "%s(%s)"%( self.hostname,self.ip_addr)
serialize配置(序列化,返回json格式,在app01下新建rest_serialize.py)
from app01 import models
from rest_framework import serializers
class IDCSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.IDC
fields = ('name',) #需要返回的字段
class HostSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Host
fields = ('id','hostname','ip_addr','port','idc','system_type','memo','enabled')
视图配置(app01下新建rest_view.py)
from rest_framework import viewsets
from app01 import models
from app01 import rest_serializer
class IDCViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = models.IDC.objects.all()
serializer_class = rest_serializer.IDCSerializer
class HostViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = models.Host.objects.all()
serializer_class = rest_serializer.HostSerializer
url配置
from rest_framework import routers
from app01 import rest_viewset
from django.conf.urls import url,include
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'idc',rest_viewset.IDCViewSet)
router.register(r'host',rest_viewset.HostViewSet)
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^', include(router.urls)),
url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))
]
数据库里随便加点数据,启动django测试
访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/idc/
访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/host/
个人感觉drf的应用场景在前后端分离时,通过json格式交互数据,不用涉及模板渲染等