前情概要
在上一篇中,介绍了EventBus的基本使用方法,以及一部分进阶技巧。本篇及以后的几篇blog将会集中解析EventBus.java,看看作者是如何优雅地实现这个看似简单的事件分发/接收机制。
本篇概述
剖析register的过程,let's get started!
方法签名
完整的register方法签名如下,我们通常调用的register(this)其实最终调用到的register(this, false, 0),另外,使用registerSticky(this)进行调用,其实最终也是走到同一个方法中。
private synchronized void register(Object subscriber, boolean sticky, int priority) { List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods = subscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods(subscriber.getClass()); for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : subscriberMethods) { subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod, sticky, priority); } }
- 声明为synchronized,是因为其中调用的subscribe方法需要在同步块中执行;
- 这个register方法其实只做了一件事:将目标class的所有onEvent方法取出(通过反射),逐一对事件订阅(通过subscribe)
subscribe翻译过来就是“订阅、订购”,是本次重点解析的内容,下面来揭开她神秘的面纱:
subscribe/订阅
对于熟悉Design Patterns的人来说,第一眼看到EventBus,脑海中浮现的一定是观察者模式/Observer,这个模式的实现方式,无非就是——事件的分发者拥有一个订阅者的列表,每次事件发生时,分发者遍历并通知列表中的订阅者。订阅者可以自由地加入/退出订阅列表。
register是一个订阅的过程,故在subscribe中所做的无非就是“将目标类的目标方法加入到订阅者列表”这件事。让我们结合代码来看。
private void subscribe(Object subscriber, SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod, boolean sticky, int priority) { Class<?> eventType = subscriberMethod.eventType; CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventType); Subscription newSubscription = new Subscription(subscriber, subscriberMethod, priority); if (subscriptions == null) { subscriptions = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription>(); subscriptionsByEventType.put(eventType, subscriptions); } else { if (subscriptions.contains(newSubscription)) { throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriber.getClass() + " already registered to event " + eventType); } } // Starting with EventBus 2.2 we enforced methods to be public (might change with annotations again) // subscriberMethod.method.setAccessible(true); int size = subscriptions.size(); for (int i = 0; i <= size; i++) { if (i == size || newSubscription.priority > subscriptions.get(i).priority) { subscriptions.add(i, newSubscription); break; } } List<Class<?>> subscribedEvents = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber); if (subscribedEvents == null) { subscribedEvents = new ArrayList<Class<?>>(); typesBySubscriber.put(subscriber, subscribedEvents); } subscribedEvents.add(eventType); if (sticky) { if (eventInheritance) { // Existing sticky events of all subclasses of eventType have to be considered. // Note: Iterating over all events may be inefficient with lots of sticky events, // thus data structure should be changed to allow a more efficient lookup // (e.g. an additional map storing sub classes of super classes: Class -> List<Class>). Set<Map.Entry<Class<?>, Object>> entries = stickyEvents.entrySet(); for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, Object> entry : entries) { Class<?> candidateEventType = entry.getKey(); if (eventType.isAssignableFrom(candidateEventType)) { Object stickyEvent = entry.getValue(); checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent); } } } else { Object stickyEvent = stickyEvents.get(eventType); checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent); } } }
Event是分发者/订阅者解耦的关键,两者就是通过Event的class进行通信的。故先取出目标Event的订阅列表(subscriptionsByEventType),将新规则加入进去,如果重复register则会抛出Exception。加入的过程中,会根据优先级决定插入到List中的位置(int值越大,位置越靠前,优先级也就越高)。接下来还会将subscriber(也就是目标class)与新的eventType的对应关系加入到typesBySubscriber中,这个Map在后续的查找中会用到。
对于sticky的的情况,若该eventBus支持事件继承(eventInheritance == true),则将eventType及其祖先类的所有Event都重新分发一遍,若不支持则只分发目标eventType。(此时分发的Event皆来自于stickyEvents)
unregister/注销
本篇最后分析一下注销的过程,代码很简单。
public synchronized void unregister(Object subscriber) { List<Class<?>> subscribedTypes = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber); if (subscribedTypes != null) { for (Class<?> eventType : subscribedTypes) { unubscribeByEventType(subscriber, eventType); } typesBySubscriber.remove(subscriber); } else { Log.w(TAG, "Subscriber to unregister was not registered before: " + subscriber.getClass()); } }
unregister时,首先将eventtype - subscriber的绑定关系逐一解除(处理subscriptionsByEventType),最后把subscriber - eventTypes解绑。
下期预告
剖析post过程