Non-onload-blocking async JS
Update Oct 2013: for a more bulletproof version, tested in the wild, IE and all, check Philip's snippet at http://www.lognormal.com/blog/2012/12/12/the-script-loader-pattern/
Asynchronous JS is cool but it still blocks window.onload
event (except in IE before 10). That's rarely a problem, because window.onload
is increasingly less important, but still...
At my Velocity conference talk today Philip "Log Normal" Tellis asked if there was a way to load async JS without blocking onload
. I said I don't know, which in retrospect was duh! because I spoke about Meebo's non-onload-blocking frames (without providing details) earlier in the talk.
Stage fright I guess.
Minutes later in a moment of clarity I figured Meebo's way should help. Unfortunately all Meebo docs are gone from their site, but we still have their Velocity talk from earlier years (PPT). There are missing pieces there but I was able to reconstruct a snippet that should load a JavaScript asynchronously without blocking onload.
Here it goes:
(function(url){variframe = document.createElement('iframe'); (iframe.frameElement || iframe).style.cssText = "width: 0; height: 0; border: 0"; varwhere = document.getElementsByTagName('script'); where = where[where.length - 1]; where.parentNode.insertBefore(iframe, where); vardoc = iframe.contentWindow.document; doc.open().write('<body οnlοad="'+ 'var js = document.createElement(\'script\');'+ 'js.src = \''+ url +'\';'+ 'document.body.appendChild(js);">'); doc.close(); })('http://www.jspatterns.com/files/meebo/asyncjs1.php');
The demo page is right here. It loads a script (asyncjs1.php
) that is intentionally delayed for 5 seconds.
Features
- loads a javascript file asynchronously
- doesn't block
window.onload
norDOMContentLoaded
- works in Safari, Chrome, Firefox, IE6789 *
- works even when the script is hosted on a different domain (third party, CDN, etc), so no x-domain issues.
- no loading indicators, the page looks done and whenever the script arrives, it arrives and does its thing silently in the background. Good boy!
* The script works fine in Opera too, but blocks onload
. Opera is weird here. Even regular async scripts block DOMContentLoaded
which is a shame.
Drawback
The script (asyncjs1.php) runs is in an iframe, so all document
and window
references point to the iframe, not the host page.
There's an easy solution for that without changing the whole script. Just wrap it in an immediate function and pass the document
object the script expects:
(function(document){document.getElementById('r')... // all fine})(parent.document);
How does it work
- create an iframe without setting
src
to a new URL. This firesonload
of the iframe immediately and the whole thing is completely out of the way - style the iframe to make it invisible
- get the last
script
tag so far, which is the snippet itself. This is in order to glue the iframe to the snippet that includes it. - insert the iframe into the page
- get a handle to the
document
object of the iframe - write some HTML into that iframe document
- this HTML includes the desired script