底层Servlet及深入理解MVC到SpringMVC

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-09 08:45:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-09 08:45:00 发布

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文章标签： java 测试

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/Shunia123/p/10617028.html

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Servlet 简介

开发动态JavaWeb工程时，用到的技术主要有两种Servlet和jsp ，开发Servlet 需要引入tomcat 下lib 包，其中有个 servlet-api.jar，开发Servlet 需要引入这个jar。开发JSP 需要引入tomcat中的 JSP-api.jar 文件。

Servlet 主要处理 http 的请求和响应。

创建代码
public class HelloworldServlet extends HttpServlet {

}

查看 servlet-api.jar 中的HttpServlet 这个类,如下所示

public abstract class HttpServlet extends GenericServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private static final String METHOD_DELETE = "DELETE";
    private static final String METHOD_HEAD = "HEAD";
    private static final String METHOD_GET = "GET";
    private static final String METHOD_OPTIONS = "OPTIONS";
    private static final String METHOD_POST = "POST";
    private static final String METHOD_PUT = "PUT";
    private static final String METHOD_TRACE = "TRACE";
    private static final String HEADER_IFMODSINCE = "If-Modified-Since";
    private static final String HEADER_LASTMOD = "Last-Modified";
    private static final String LSTRING_FILE = "javax.servlet.http.LocalStrings";
    private static final ResourceBundle lStrings = ResourceBundle.getBundle("javax.servlet.http.LocalStrings");

    public HttpServlet() {
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String protocol = req.getProtocol();
        String msg = lStrings.getString("http.method_get_not_supported");
        if (protocol.endsWith("1.1")) {
            resp.sendError(405, msg);
        } else {
            resp.sendError(400, msg);
        }

    }

    protected long getLastModified(HttpServletRequest req) {
        return -1L;
    }

    protected void doHead(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        if (DispatcherType.INCLUDE.equals(req.getDispatcherType())) {
            this.doGet(req, resp);
        } else {
            NoBodyResponse response = new NoBodyResponse(resp);
            this.doGet(req, response);
            response.setContentLength();
        }

    }
  .........  
}

这个类中封装了各种http协议请求，get.post.........

Servlet和JSP两者最大的区别就是，Servlet以Java程序为主，输出HTML代码时需要使用out.println函数，也就是说Java中内嵌HTML；而JSP则以HTML页面为主，需要写Java代码时则在页面中直接插入Java代码，即HTML中内嵌Java。典型的例子如下：

JSP文件

复制代码代码如下:

<html>  
   <body>  
     <h1>  
     <% out.println("JSP"); %>  
     </h1>  
   </body>  
 </html> 

Servlet

复制代码代码如下:

public class MyServlet ... {  
   ...  
   out.println("<html>");  
   out.println("<body>");  
   out.println("<h1>");  

   out.println("Servlet);  

   out.println("</h1>");  
   out.println("</body>");  
   out.println("</html>");  
 }