最近在研究wait和notify方法,发现有个地方要注意,但是网上又说得不是很明白的地方,就是经典的生产者和消费模式,使用wait和notify实现,判断list是否为空的这个为什么要用while而不能使用if呢?其实是因为当线程wait之后,又被唤醒的时候,是从wait后面开始执行,而不是又从头开始执行的,所以如果用if的话,被唤醒之后就不会在判断if中的条件,而是继续往下执行了,如果list只是添加了一个数据,而存在两个消费者被唤醒的话,就会出现溢出的问题了,因为不会在判断size是否==0就直接执行remove了。但是如果使用while的话,从wait下面继续执行,还会返回执行while的条件判断,size>0了才会执行remove操作,所以这个必须使用while,而不能使用if来作为判断。
以下代码是一个简单的实践,参考:
http://www.cnblogs.com/hapjin/p/5492645.html(做了适当的调整)
Add类,负责添加数据:
public class Add {
private String lock;
public Add(String lock) {
super();
this.lock = lock;
}
public void add() {
synchronized (lock) {
ValueObject.list.add("anyString");
lock.notifyAll();
}
}
}
public class ThreadAdd extends Thread {
private Add p;
public ThreadAdd(Add p) {
super();
this.p = p;
}
@Override
public void run() {
p.add();
}
}
Subtract类,负责删除数据
public class Subtract {
private String lock;
public Subtract(String lock) {
super();
this.lock = lock;
}
public boolean check() {
System.out.println("check");
return true;
}
public void subtract() {
try {
synchronized (lock) {
if(check() && ValueObject.list.size() == 0) {//将这里的if改成while即可保证不出现越界异常!!!!
System.out.println("wait begin ThreadName="
+ Thread.currentThread().getName());
lock.wait();
System.out.println("wait end ThreadName="
+ Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
ValueObject.list.remove(0);
System.out.println("list size=" + ValueObject.list.size());
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public class ThreadSubtract extends Thread {
private Subtract r;
public ThreadSubtract(Subtract r) {
super();
this.r = r;
}
@Override
public void run() {
r.subtract();
}
}
封装的List队列:
public class ValueObject { public static List list = new ArrayList(); }
测试类:
public class Run { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { String lock = new String(""); Add add = new Add(lock); Subtract subtract = new Subtract(lock); ThreadSubtract subtract1Thread = new ThreadSubtract(subtract); subtract1Thread.setName("subtract1Thread"); subtract1Thread.start(); ThreadSubtract subtract2Thread = new ThreadSubtract(subtract); subtract2Thread.setName("subtract2Thread"); subtract2Thread.start(); Thread.sleep(1000); ThreadAdd addThread = new ThreadAdd(add); addThread.setName("addThread"); addThread.start(); } }