文件流与存储流

 

文件流与存储流

symbian 的任何对像都可以流化，只要有公共的 ExternalizeL 及  InternalizeL 方法即可，这两个方法的定义为：

void ExternalizeL(RWriteStream& aStream) const; void InternalizeL(RReadStream& aStream) ;

注意：任何已定义 ExternalizeL 及 InternalizeL 的类都可以使用 << 及 >> 进行外部或内部化

对于定义有 ExternalizeL 及 InternalizeL 的类如果有类成员，则在流化时可以从拥有者的 ExternalizeL 中
调用类成员的 ExternalizeL，如：

void CStudent::ExternalizeL(RWriteStream& aStream) {     iTeacher->ExternalizeL(aStream); }

文件流常用 RFileWriteStream 及 RFileReadStream 来操作文件。

存储基本上是流的集合，可以存储多种数据类型，主要来看一下 CDirectFileStore ，要通过 #include<s32store.h> 添加引用,library 也要添加estor.lib
初始化一个 CDirectFileStore 可以通过 Create 或 From 或 Replace 等 ,Create 用于不存在一个文件，From 用于通过一个已经打开的文件，Replace
是对于没有的文件则创建，存在的文件进行替换。

如果已经创建一个 CDirectFileStore ，则可以通过一个 SetTypeL 去指定存储的类型

再创建一个用于流入的对像 RStoreWriteStream 或 RStoreReadStream 对像，这个对像创建时指定一个 CDirectFileStore 对像，然后对这个RStoreWriteStream
或 RStoreReadStream 进行流入或流出操作，在创建一个 RStoreWriteStream 或 RStoreReadStream 时会返回一个 TStreamId 对像，这个对像用来唯一标识一个流
通过 CStreamDictionary 类可以将一个流ID与一个唯一值绑定起来，对于 CStreamDictionary 常用于存储到 root，存储 CStreamDictionary 时也需要通过
RStoreWriteStream 来流入，然后用 CDirectFileStore的SetRoot方法去指定。

RStoreWriteStream 处理完后，要通过 CommitL（）提交，CDirectFileStore 也需要通过 Commit（）提交

下面是练习的代码，根据上面说的再来看代码就能更清楚的理解了

#include  " FileStore.h " #include  < e32base.h > #include  < e32std.h > #include  < e32cons.h >              //  Console #include  < s32file.h > #include  < f32file.h > #include  < s32std.h > #include  < s32stor.h > //   Constants _LIT(KTextConsoleTitle,  " Console " ); _LIT(KTextFailed,  "  failed, leave code = %d " ); _LIT(KTextPressAnyKey,  "  [press any key]\n " ); //   Global Variables LOCAL_D CConsoleBase *  console;   //  write all messages to this //  定义两个流 id LOCAL_D  const  KStuDataStreamId = 0x101F613F ; LOCAL_D  const  KTeachDataStreamId = 0x101F6140 ; class  CStudent: public  CBase { public :      static  CStudent *  NewL(TDesC &  aName,TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aScore);      static  CStudent *  NewLC(TDesC &  aName,TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aScore);      ~ CStudent();      static  CStudent *  NewL(RReadStream &  aStream);      static  CStudent *  NewLC(RReadStream &  aStream); public :      void  ExternalizeL(RWriteStream &  aStream)  const ;      void  InternalizeL(RReadStream &  aStream);      void  Display();     CStudent(); private :     CStudent(TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aScore);      void  ConstructL(TDesC &  aName); private :     HBufC *  iName;     TInt32 iNo;     TInt32 iScore; }; CStudent *  CStudent::NewL( TDesC &  aName,TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aScore ) {     CStudent *  self  =  CStudent::NewLC(aName,aNo,aScore);     CleanupStack::Pop();      return  self; } CStudent *  CStudent::NewL( RReadStream &  aStream ) {     CStudent *  self  =  CStudent::NewLC(aStream);     CleanupStack::Pop();      return  self; } CStudent *  CStudent::NewLC( TDesC &  aName,TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aScore ) {     CStudent *  self  =   new (ELeave) CStudent(aNo,aScore);     CleanupStack::PushL(self);     self -> ConstructL(aName);      return  self; } CStudent *  CStudent::NewLC( RReadStream &  aStream ) {     CStudent *  self  =   new (ELeave)CStudent();     CleanupStack::PushL(self);     self -> InternalizeL(aStream);    //  同化 ？为什么要这样呢      return  self; } CStudent:: ~ CStudent() {     delete iName;     iName  =  NULL; } void  CStudent::ExternalizeL( RWriteStream &  aStream )  const {     aStream.WriteInt32L(iName -> Des().MaxLength());   //  写入最大长度     aStream <<* iName;       //  外化姓名     aStream.WriteInt32L(iNo);     aStream.WriteInt32L(iScore); } void  CStudent::InternalizeL( RReadStream &  aStream ) {      if  (iName  ==  NULL)     {         delete iName;         iName  =  NULL;     }     TInt32 max ;     max  =  aStream.ReadInt32L();     iName  =  HBufC::NewL(aStream,max);     iNo    =  aStream.ReadInt32L();     iScore  =  aStream.ReadInt32L(); } void  CStudent::Display() {     _LIT(Kfmt, " name=%S\nno=%d\nscore=%d\n " );     console -> Printf(Kfmt,iName,iNo,iScore);     console -> Getch(); } CStudent::CStudent() {      } CStudent::CStudent( TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aScore ) {     iNo  =  aNo;     iScore  =  aScore; } void  CStudent::ConstructL( TDesC &  aName) {     iName  =  aName.AllocL();     } // class  CTeacher: public  CBase { public :      static  CTeacher *  NewL(TDesC &  aName,TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aAge);      static  CTeacher *  NewLC(TDesC &  aName,TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aAge);           ~ CTeacher();           static  CTeacher *  NewL(RReadStream &  aStream);      static  CTeacher *  NewLC(RReadStream &  aStream); public :      void  ExternalizeL(RWriteStream &  aStream)  const ;      void  InternalizeL(RReadStream &  aStream);      void  Display();     CTeacher(); private :     CTeacher(TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aAge);      void  ConstructL(TDesC &  aName); private :     HBufC *  iName;     TInt32 iNo;     TInt32 iAge; }; CTeacher *  CTeacher::NewL( TDesC &  aName,TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aAge ) {     CTeacher *  self  =  CTeacher::NewLC(aName,aNo,aAge);     CleanupStack::Pop();      return  self; } CTeacher *  CTeacher::NewL( RReadStream &  aStream ) {     CTeacher *  self  =  CTeacher::NewLC(aStream);     CleanupStack::Pop();      return  self; } CTeacher *  CTeacher::NewLC( TDesC &  aName,TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aAge ) {     CTeacher *  self  =   new (ELeave)CTeacher(aNo,aAge);     CleanupStack::PushL(self);     self -> ConstructL(aName);      return  self; } CTeacher *  CTeacher::NewLC( RReadStream &  aStream ) {     CTeacher *  self  =   new (ELeave)CTeacher();     CleanupStack::PushL(self);     self -> InternalizeL(aStream);      return  self; } CTeacher:: ~ CTeacher() {     delete iName;     iName  =  NULL; } CTeacher::CTeacher() {      } CTeacher::CTeacher( TInt32 aNo,TInt32 aAge ) {     iNo  =  aNo;     iAge  =  aAge; } void  CTeacher::ExternalizeL( RWriteStream &  aStream )  const {     aStream.WriteInt32L(iName -> Des().MaxLength());     aStream <<* iName;     aStream.WriteInt32L(iNo);     aStream.WriteInt32L(iAge); } void  CTeacher::InternalizeL( RReadStream &  aStream ) {      if  (iName  !=  NULL)     {         delete iName;         iName  =  NULL;     }     TInt32 max;     max  =  aStream.ReadInt32L();     iName  =  HBufC::NewL(aStream,max);     iNo    =  aStream.ReadInt32L();     iAge   =  aStream.ReadInt32L();           } void  CTeacher::Display() {     _LIT(Kfmt, " Name=%S\nNo=%d\nAge=%d\n " );     console -> Printf(Kfmt,iName,iNo,iAge);     console -> Getch(); } void  CTeacher::ConstructL( TDesC &  aName ) {     iName  =  aName.AllocL(); } void  StoreL(RFs aFs,TDesC &  aFileName) {     _LIT(KName1, " hewei " );     _LIT(KName2, " hewei_2 " );     _LIT(KName3, " Jianzhou_3 " );     _LIT(KName4, " Jianzhou_4 " );     TBuf < 10 >  name1(KName1);     TBuf < 10 >  name2(KName2);     TBuf < 10 >  name3(KName3);     TBuf < 10 >  name4(KName4);          CStudent *  stu1  =  CStudent::NewL(name1, 1 , 80 );     CStudent *  stu2  =  CStudent::NewL(name2, 2 , 90 );     CTeacher *  tec1  =  CTeacher::NewL(name3, 1 , 25 );     CTeacher *  tec2  =  CTeacher::NewL(name4, 2 , 30 );     CArrayFixFlat < CStudent >*  stuList =   new (ELeave)CArrayFixFlat < CStudent > ( 4 );     CArrayFixFlat < CTeacher >*  tecList =   new (ELeave)CArrayFixFlat < CTeacher > ( 4 );     stuList -> AppendL( * stu1);     stuList -> AppendL( * stu2);     tecList -> AppendL( * tec1);     tecList -> AppendL( * tec2);     CFileStore *  store = CDirectFileStore::ReplaceLC(aFs,aFileName,EFileWrite);     store -> SetTypeL(TUidType(store -> Layout()));     CStreamDictionary *  dictionary  =  CStreamDictionary::NewLC();     RStoreWriteStream stuStream;   //  写入流     TStreamId sid  =  stuStream.CreateLC( * store);     TInt32 numberOfStudents  =  stuList -> Count();     stuStream << numberOfStudents;   //  写入数组长度      int  i;      for  (i = 0 ;i < numberOfStudents;i ++ )     {         ( * stuList)[i].ExternalizeL(stuStream);    //  外部化数组元素     }     stuStream.CommitL();     CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy();     RStoreWriteStream tecStream;     TStreamId tId  =  tecStream.CreateLC( * store);     TInt32 numberOfTechers  =  tecList -> Count();     tecStream << numberOfTechers;      for  (i = 0 ;i < numberOfTechers;i ++ )     {         ( * tecList)[i].ExternalizeL(tecStream);     }     tecStream.CommitL();     CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy();     dictionary -> AssignL(TUid::Uid(KStuDataStreamId),sid);     dictionary -> AssignL(TUid::Uid(KTeachDataStreamId),tId);     RStoreWriteStream root;       //  根流     TStreamId rootid  =  root.CreateLC( * store);     root <<* dictionary;     root.CommitL();     CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy();   //  root     CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy();   //  dictionary     store -> SetRootL(rootid);     store -> Commit();     CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy();  //  store } void  RestoreL(RFs aFs,TDesC &  aFileName) {     CArrayFixFlat < CStudent >*  stuList  =   new (ELeave)CArrayFixFlat < CStudent > ( 10 );     CleanupStack::PushL(stuList);     CArrayFixFlat < CTeacher >*  tecList  =   new (ELeave)CArrayFixFlat < CTeacher > ( 10 );     CleanupStack::PushL(tecList);     CFileStore *  store  =  CDirectFileStore::OpenLC(aFs,aFileName,EFileRead);     CStreamDictionary *  dictionary  =  CStreamDictionary::NewL();     RStoreReadStream rootStream;     rootStream.OpenLC( * store,store -> Root());     rootStream >>* dictionary;     CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy();     TStreamId sid  =  dictionary -> At(TUid::Uid(KStuDataStreamId));     TStreamId tid  =  dictionary -> At(TUid::Uid(KTeachDataStreamId));      // CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy();  //  dict     RStoreReadStream readStuStream;     readStuStream.OpenLC( * store,sid);     TInt32 numberOfStus;     readStuStream >> numberOfStus;      for  (TInt i = 0 ;i < numberOfStus;i ++ )     {         CStudent *  stu  =  CStudent::NewL(readStuStream);         CleanupStack::PushL(stu);         stuList -> AppendL( * stu);                   CleanupStack::Pop();     }     CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy();     _LIT(kfmt, " list students:\n " );      for  (i = 0 ;i < numberOfStus;i ++ )     {         ( * stuList)[i].Display();     }      //  读出教师数据     RStoreReadStream readTecStream;     readTecStream.OpenLC( * store,tid);     TInt32 numberOfTec;     readTecStream >> numberOfTec;      for  (i = 0 ;i < numberOfTec;i ++ )     {         CTeacher *  tec = CTeacher::NewL(readTecStream);         CleanupStack::PushL(tec);         tecList -> AppendL( * tec);         CleanupStack::Pop();     }     CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy();  //  readTechStream;     _LIT(kfmt2, " list tech:\n " );     console -> Printf(kfmt2);      for  (i = 0 ;i < numberOfTec;i ++ )     {         ( * tecList)[i].Display();     }          delete dictionary;     CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(store);     CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy( 2 );  //  array list } //   Local Functions LOCAL_C  void  MainL( const  TDesC &  aArgs)     {      //      //  add your program code here, example code below      //      // console->Write(_L("Hello, world!\n"));     RFs iFs; // 文件会话     User::LeaveIfError(iFs.Connect()); // connect to file server     _LIT(KFileName, " c:\\stuList1.txt " );     TBuf < 20 >  FileName(KFileName);      // StoreL(iFs,FileName);     RestoreL(iFs,FileName);     iFs.Close();     console -> Printf(_L( " Command line args: \ " % S\ " \n " ),  & aArgs);     }

简单总结一下：

CDirectFileStore 去打开或创建一个文件，通过 RStoreWriteStream  来写入数据，对于多个流来说，要通过CStreamDictionary去保存这些流对像然后把 CStreamDictionary 保存成 CDirectFileStore 的 root()，RStoreReadStream 要先通过Root得到 CStreamDictionary ，再找到 RStoreReadStream进行读取数据。

 

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安平2009@原创
qi_jianzhou@126.com

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zziss/archive/2010/01/22/1653767.html