oracle 安装 实验 手册,实验在Debian 上安装 Oracle 11gR2

大家好！

今天总监要我帮忙安装oracle数据库，当我登录上去发现和平时的不太一样，原来是debian系统，这个还真没安装过oracle，赶快去官方文档查找安装手册，居然没有，只能按照linux的安装啦！

1.安装vncserver

#apt-get install vnc4server

如果报：E: Unable to locate package  vnc4server 错误，

则执行 #apt-get update后，

重新执行#apt-get install vnc4server

输入vnc密码：终端输入   vncpasswd  ，提示输入密码即可

配置vncserver自动启动：

vi /etc/init.d/vncserver

#! /bin/sh

export USER="root"

export PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11"

NAME=vncstart

start()

{

su - $USER -c"vncserver :5"

}

stop()

{

su - $USER -c"vncserver -clean -kill :1"

}

case "$1" in

start)

echo -n "Starting Xvnc: "

start

;;

stop)

echo -n "Stopping Xvnc "

stop

;;

restart)

echo -n "Restarting Xvnc "

stop

start

;;

****)

echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/$NAME {start|stop|restart}"

exit 1

;;

esac

exit 0

保存，设置为可执行，并加入到服务列表

chmod +x /etc/init.d/vncserver

update-rc.d vncserver defaults 98

2.安装rpm，unzip等oracle需要的包

# apt-get install unzip   rpm gawk

3.建立oracle用户和组

addgroup oinstall

addgroup dba

addgroup nobody

useradd -g oinstall -G dba -p oracle -s /bin/bash -d /home/oracle -m oracle

usermod -g nobody nobody

4.创建安装目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

chown -R oracle:oinstall  /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 755  /u01/app/oracle

5.对部分文件建软连接

ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk

ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm

ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename

6.欺骗oracle 模拟 CentOS 的环境

echo "CentOS release 6.3 (Final)" > /etc/redhat-release

mkdir /etc/rc.d

ln -s /etc/rc0.d /etc/rc.d/rc0.d

ln -s /etc/rc2.d /etc/rc.d/rc2.d

ln -s /etc/rc3.d /etc/rc.d/rc3.d

ln -s /etc/rc4.d /etc/rc.d/rc4.d

ln -s /etc/rc5.d /etc/rc.d/rc5.d

ln -s /etc/rc6.d /etc/rc.d/rc6.d

ln -s /etc/init.d /etc/rc.d/init.d

7.修改内核参数

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmall = 4194304

kernel.shmmax = 524288000  --内存大小根据安装环境调整

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 6815744

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

fs.aio-max-nr=1048576

# sysctl -p  --使修改生效

8.修改资源限制

# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft memlock 33554432

oracle hard memlock 33554432

9.修改安全限制

vi /etc/pam.d/login

session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

10.登录oracle用户，设置oracle用户环境变量

设置环境变量

su - oracle

# vi /home/oracle/.bashrc

umask 022

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1

ORACLE_SID=Aning

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

source /home/oracle/.bashrc

11.使用vnc安装

# xhost +

# su  - oracle

$ cd /u01/soft/database (切换到 Oracle 安装文件所在的目录)

$ ./runInstaller --只安装软件

根据oracle提示安装需要的包：

安装所需组件

#apt-get install gcc g++  make binutils libc6 libc6-dev libstdc++6 libstdc++5 rpm gawk alien   lesstif2  libmotif4  libaio1 elfutils libaio-dev sysstat unixodbc-bin unixodbc-dev pdksh

安装java

apt-get install sun-java6-jdk

12.dbca创建数据库

# xhost +

# su  - oracle

#dbca

13.配置oracle自动启动

# vi /etc/init.d/oracle

#!/bin/bash

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1

ORACLE_OWNER=oracle

ORACLE_SID=Aning

ORACLE_UNQNAME=Aning

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_OWNER

export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_UNQNAME ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER

export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH

# if the executables do not exist -- display error

if [ ! -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORACLE_HOME ]

then

echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"

exit 1

fi

# depending on parameter -- startup, shutdown, restart

# of the instance and listener or usage display

case "$1" in

start)

# Oracle listener and instance startup

echo -n "Starting Oracle: "

su $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"

su $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"

touch /var/lock/oracle

su $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"

echo "OK"

;;

stop)

# Oracle listener and instance shutdown

echo -n "Shutdown Oracle: "

su $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"

su $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME"

rm -f /var/lock/oracle

su $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"

echo "OK"

;;

reload|restart)

$0 stop

$0 start

;;

*)

echo "Usage: `basename $0` start|stop|restart|reload"

exit 1

esac

exit 0

# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/oracledb

# update-rc.d oracle defaults 99

# vi /etc/oratab

Aning:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1:Y