在Windows NT中,80386保护模式的“保护”比Windows 95中更坚固,这个“镀金的笼子”更加结实,更加难以打破。在Windows 95中,至少应用程序I/O操作是不受限制的,而在Windows NT中,我们的应用程序连这点权限都被剥夺了。在NT中几乎不太可能进入真正的ring0层。
在Windows NT中,存在三种Device Driver:
1.“Virtual device Driver” (VDD)。通过VDD,16位应用程序,如DOS 和Win16应用程序可以访问特定的I/O端口(注意,不是直接访问,而是要通过VDD来实现访问)。
2.“GDI Driver”,提供显示和打印所需的GDI函数。
3.“Kernel Mode Driver”,实现对特定硬件的操作,比如说CreateFile, CloseHandle (对于文件对象而言), ReadFile, WriteFile, DeviceIoControl 等操作。“Kernel Mode Driver”还是Windows NT中唯一可以对硬件中断和DMA进行操作的Driver。SCSI 小端口驱动和 网卡NDIS 驱动都是Kernel Mode Driver的一种特殊形式。
Visual studio11与Windows8带来格外不同的新体验
1.启动Vs11
2.看见满目的驱动开发模板
3.选择一个驱动模式,有内核模式与用户模式两种的驱动
4.创建一个驱动程序,KMDF DriverMVP
5.我们选择的是内核模式的驱动程序,下面是创建成功后的界面,分别是驱动程序本身,与驱动安装包
6.按下F5,选择驱动编译,
插入下列代码实现基于callback的注册表监控和过滤技术,请见代码分析
#include "ntifs.h"
#include "RegistryCallBack.h"
#include <ntstrsafe.h>
NTSTATUS st;
LARGE_INTEGER g_CallbackCookie;
ANSI_STRING astr;
VOID UnloadDriver(PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject);
NTSTATUS RegistryCallback(IN PVOID CallbackContext, IN PVOID Argument1, IN PVOID Argument2);
BOOLEAN GetRegistryObjectCompleteName(PUNICODE_STRING pRegistryPath, PUNICODE_STRING pPartialRegistryPath,PVOID pRegistryObject);
NTSTATUS DriverEntry(PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath)
{
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]Loading!\n");
DriverObject->DriverUnload = UnloadDriver;
st = CmRegisterCallback(RegistryCallback,NULL,&g_CallbackCookie);
if ( !NT_SUCCESS(st) )
{
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]CmRegisterCallback Failed!\n");
return st;
}
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]RegistryCallback Addr:0x%08X\n",RegistryCallback);
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]Cookie.LowPart:0x%08X Cookie.HighPart:0x%08X\n",g_CallbackCookie.LowPart,g_CallbackCookie.HighPart);
return st;
}
VOID UnloadDriver(PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject)
{
CmUnRegisterCallback(g_CallbackCookie);
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]UnLoading!\n");
}
NTSTATUS
RegistryCallback(
IN PVOID CallbackContext,
IN PVOID Argument1,
IN PVOID Argument2
)
{
int type;
BOOLEAN exception = FALSE;
BOOLEAN registryEventIsValid = FALSE;
UNICODE_STRING registryPath;
UCHAR* registryData = NULL;
ULONG registryDataLength = 0;
ULONG registryDataType = 0;
registryPath.Length = 0;
registryPath.MaximumLength = NTSTRSAFE_UNICODE_STRING_MAX_CCH * sizeof(WCHAR);
registryPath.Buffer = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, registryPath.MaximumLength, 'ConT');
if(registryPath.Buffer == NULL)
{
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]Allocate registryPath failed!\n");
return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
type = (REG_NOTIFY_CLASS)Argument1;
try
{
switch(type)
{
case RegNtPostCreateKey:
{
PREG_POST_CREATE_KEY_INFORMATION createKey = (PREG_POST_CREATE_KEY_INFORMATION)Argument2;
if( NT_SUCCESS(createKey->Status) || createKey->Status == STATUS_PENDING ) //创建注册表项状态为成功和未决的都记录一下
{
PVOID* registryObject = createKey->Object;
registryEventIsValid = GetRegistryObjectCompleteName(®istryPath, createKey->CompleteName,*registryObject);
if ( registryEventIsValid )
{
RtlUnicodeStringToAnsiString(&astr,®istryPath,TRUE);
DbgPrint("[RegCreated]KeyName:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
//如果创建的是自启动项,则警告一下
if ( strstr(astr.Buffer,"\\REGISTRY\\MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run") )
{
DbgPrint("[RegCreated]Forbin!\n");
DbgPrint("[RegCreated]ForbinKeyName:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
}
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
}
else
DbgPrint("[RegCreated]Get Key Name Failed!\n");
}
}
break;
//使用PreCreateKey可以阻止key的创建,但是能够作为判断依据的只有一个key的CompleteName,无法得到完整路径来判断
case RegNtPreCreateKey:
{
PREG_PRE_CREATE_KEY_INFORMATION createKey = (PREG_PRE_CREATE_KEY_INFORMATION)Argument2;
RtlCopyUnicodeString(®istryPath,createKey->CompleteName);
RtlUnicodeStringToAnsiString(&astr,®istryPath,TRUE);
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]PreCreate:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
if ( !strcmp(astr.Buffer,"新项 #1") )
{
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]Forbin!\n");
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]ForbinKeyName:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
return STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
}
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
}
break;
case RegNtDeleteKey:
{
PREG_DELETE_KEY_INFORMATION deleteKey = (PREG_DELETE_KEY_INFORMATION)Argument2;
registryEventIsValid = GetRegistryObjectCompleteName(®istryPath, NULL, deleteKey->Object);
if ( registryEventIsValid )
{
RtlUnicodeStringToAnsiString(&astr,®istryPath,TRUE);
DbgPrint("[RegDeletedKey]KeyName:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
if ( !strcmp(astr.Buffer,"\\REGISTRY\\MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run\\ljh00001") )
{
DbgPrint("[RegDeletedKey]Forbin!\n");
DbgPrint("[RegDeletedKey]ForbinKeyName:%s!\n");
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
return STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
}
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
}
}
break;
case RegNtSetValueKey:
{
PREG_SET_VALUE_KEY_INFORMATION setvalue = (PREG_SET_VALUE_KEY_INFORMATION)Argument2;
if( MmIsAddressValid(setvalue->ValueName) )
{
registryEventIsValid = GetRegistryObjectCompleteName(®istryPath, NULL, setvalue->Object);
if ( registryEventIsValid )
{
RtlUnicodeStringToAnsiString(&astr,®istryPath,TRUE);
DbgPrint("[RegSetValue]ValueParentPath:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
}
RtlUnicodeStringToAnsiString(&astr,setvalue->ValueName,TRUE);
DbgPrint("[RegSetValue]ValueName:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
//输出设置的键值的数据类型和大小,如果类型是REG_SZ则data是一个unicode_string,而数据大小为buffer长度
//加上4字节长度的length和MaxLength再加上2个字节的结尾00的长度
DbgPrint("[RegSetValue]ValueDataType:%X,DataSize:%X\n",setvalue->Type,setvalue->DataSize);
if ( setvalue->Type == 1 ) //Type为REG_SZ,其它类型的数据暂时忽略
{
DbgPrint("[RegSetValue]Data:%ws\n",setvalue->Data);
}
}
}
break;
case RegNtDeleteValueKey:
{
PREG_DELETE_VALUE_KEY_INFORMATION deletevalue = (PREG_DELETE_VALUE_KEY_INFORMATION)Argument2;
if( MmIsAddressValid(deletevalue->ValueName) )
{
registryEventIsValid = GetRegistryObjectCompleteName(®istryPath, NULL, deletevalue->Object);
if ( registryEventIsValid )
{
RtlUnicodeStringToAnsiString(&astr,®istryPath,TRUE);
DbgPrint("[RegDelValue]ValueParentPath:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
}
RtlUnicodeStringToAnsiString(&astr,deletevalue->ValueName,TRUE);
DbgPrint("[RegDelValue]ValueName:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
if ( !strcmp(astr.Buffer,"ljh00001") )
{
DbgPrint("[RegDelValue]Forbin!\n");
DbgPrint("[RegDelValue]ForbinKeyName:%s!\n");
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
return STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
}
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
}
}
break;
case RegNtRenameKey:
{
PREG_RENAME_KEY_INFORMATION renamevalue = (PREG_RENAME_KEY_INFORMATION)Argument2;
if( MmIsAddressValid(renamevalue->NewName) )
{
registryEventIsValid = GetRegistryObjectCompleteName(®istryPath, NULL, renamevalue->Object);
if ( registryEventIsValid )
{
RtlUnicodeStringToAnsiString(&astr,®istryPath,TRUE);
DbgPrint("[RegRenameKey]KeyPath:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
}
RtlUnicodeStringToAnsiString(&astr,renamevalue->NewName,TRUE);
DbgPrint("[RegRenameKey]KeyName:%s!\n",astr.Buffer);
RtlFreeAnsiString(&astr);
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
except( EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER )
{
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]Catch a Expection!\n");
exception = TRUE;
registryEventIsValid = FALSE;
}
if(registryPath.Buffer != NULL)
{
ExFreePoolWithTag(registryPath.Buffer, 'ConT');
}
return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
BOOLEAN GetRegistryObjectCompleteName(PUNICODE_STRING pRegistryPath, PUNICODE_STRING pPartialRegistryPath, PVOID pRegistryObject)
{
BOOLEAN foundCompleteName = FALSE;
BOOLEAN partial = FALSE;
NTSTATUS status;
ULONG returnedLength;
PUNICODE_STRING pObjectName = NULL;
//判断object的有效性
if( (!MmIsAddressValid(pRegistryObject)) || (pRegistryObject == NULL) )
{
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]pRegistryObject Invalid!\n");
return FALSE;
}
//使用ObQueryNameString来得到object对应的名称
status = ObQueryNameString(pRegistryObject, (POBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION)pObjectName, 0, &returnedLength );
if(status == STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH) //第一次传的buffer长度为0,ObQueryNameString返回的结果必定是缓冲区大小不足
{
pObjectName = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, returnedLength, 'ConT'); //申请内存
if ( pObjectName == NULL ) //申请内存失败则返回FALSE
{
DbgPrint("[RegRoutine]AllocatePool Failed!\n");
return FALSE;
}
//查询名称
status = ObQueryNameString(pRegistryObject, (POBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION)pObjectName, returnedLength, &returnedLength );
if(NT_SUCCESS(status))
{
RtlUnicodeStringCopy(pRegistryPath, pObjectName); //拷贝名称
foundCompleteName = TRUE;
}
ExFreePoolWithTag(pObjectName, 'ConT'); //无论查询是否成功都应该释放内存
}
return foundCompleteName;
}