2017-2018-2偏微分方程复习题解析5

Problem: Let $X,Y$ be Banach spaces, $T:X\to Y$ be a linear map. $T$ is said to be bounded, if $\exists\ M>0$, such that $\forall\ x\in X,\ \sen{Tx}\leq M\sen{x}$. Show that $T$ is bounded iff (if and only if) for any bounded subset $B\subset X$, $T(B)$ is a bounded subset of $Y$.

Proof: $\ra$: Let $B$ be a bounded subset of $X$. Then there exists a $R>0$, such that $\sen{x}\leq R,\ \forall\ x\in B$. Hence, $$\bex \sen{Tx}\leq M\sen{x}\leq MR,\ \forall\ x\in B. \eex$$ This verifies that $T(B)=\sed{Tx;x\in B}$ is a bounded subset of $Y$.

$\la$: By the assumption, for $B=\sed{x\in X;\sen{x}\leq 1}$, $T(B)=\sed{Tx; x\in B}$ is a bounded subset of $Y$; that is, $$\bex \exists\ R>0,\st \sen{Tx}\leq R,\ \forall\ x\in B. \eex$$ Consequently, $$\bex x\in X\ra\f{x}{\sen{x}}\in B\ra \sen{T\f{x}{\sen{x}}} \leq R\ra \sen{Tx}\leq R\sen{x}. \eex$$

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangzujin/p/9017729.html