.net 操作XML小结

一、简单介绍


using  System.Xml;
// 初始化一个xml实例
XmlDocument xml = new  XmlDocument();

// 导入指定xml文件
xml.Load(path);
xml.Load(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(
" ~/file/bookstore.xml " ));

// 指定一个节点
XmlNode root = xml.SelectSingleNode( " /root " );

// 获取节点下所有直接子节点
XmlNodeList childlist = root.ChildNodes;

// 判断该节点下是否有子节点
root.HasChildNodes;

// 获取同名同级节点集合
XmlNodeList nodelist = xml.SelectNodes( " /Root/News " );

// 生成一个新节点
XmlElement node = xml.CreateElement( " News " );

// 将节点加到指定节点下,作为其子节点
root.AppendChild(node);

// 将节点加到指定节点下某个子节点前
root.InsertBefore(node,root.ChildeNodes[i]);

// 为指定节点的新建属性并赋值
node.SetAttribute( " id " , " 11111 " );

// 为指定节点添加子节点
root.AppendChild(node);

// 获取指定节点的指定属性值
string  id = node.Attributes[ " id " ].Value;

// 获取指定节点中的文本
string  content = node.InnerText;

// 保存XML文件
string  path = Server.MapPath( " ~/file/bookstore.xml " );
xml.Save(path);
// or use :xml.Save(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/file/bookstore.xml")); 


二、具体实例


在C#.net中如何操作XML
需要添加的命名空间:
using  System.Xml;

定义几个公共对象:
XmlDocument xmldoc ;
XmlNode xmlnode ;
XmlElement xmlelem ;

1 ,创建到服务器同名目录下的xml文件:


方法一:
xmldoc 
=   new  XmlDocument ( ) ;
// 加入XML的声明段落,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
XmlDeclaration xmldecl;
 xmldecl 
=  xmldoc.CreateXmlDeclaration( " 1.0 " , " gb2312 " , null );
 xmldoc.AppendChild ( xmldecl);

// 加入一个根元素
xmlelem  =  xmldoc.CreateElement (  ""  ,  " Employees "  ,  ""  ) ;
xmldoc.AppendChild ( xmlelem ) ;
// 加入另外一个元素
for ( int  i = 1 ;i < 3 ;i ++ )
{

XmlNode root
= xmldoc.SelectSingleNode( " Employees " ); // 查找<Employees> 
XmlElement xe1 = xmldoc.CreateElement( " Node " ); // 创建一个<Node>节点 
xe1.SetAttribute( " genre " , " 李赞红 " ); // 设置该节点genre属性 
xe1.SetAttribute( " ISBN " , " 2-3631-4 " ); // 设置该节点ISBN属性 

XmlElement xesub1
= xmldoc.CreateElement( " title " ); 
xesub1.InnerText
= " CS从入门到精通 " ; // 设置文本节点 
xe1.AppendChild(xesub1); // 添加到<Node>节点中 
XmlElement xesub2 = xmldoc.CreateElement( " author " ); 
xesub2.InnerText
= " 候捷 "
xe1.AppendChild(xesub2); 
XmlElement xesub3
= xmldoc.CreateElement( " price " ); 
xesub3.InnerText
= " 58.3 "
xe1.AppendChild(xesub3); 

root.AppendChild(xe1);
// 添加到<Employees>节点中 
}
// 保存创建好的XML文档
xmldoc.Save ( Server.MapPath( " data.xml " ) ) ; 

//
结果:在同名目录下生成了名为data.xml的文件,内容如下,
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " gb2312 " ?>
< Employees >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
</ Employees >


方法二:
XmlTextWriter xmlWriter;
   
string  strFilename  =  Server.MapPath( " data1.xml " ) ;

   xmlWriter 
=   new  XmlTextWriter(strFilename,Encoding.Default); // 创建一个xml文档
   xmlWriter.Formatting  =  Formatting.Indented;
   xmlWriter.WriteStartDocument();
   xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
" Employees " );

   xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
" Node " );
   xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString(
" genre " , " 李赞红 " );
   xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString(
" ISBN " , " 2-3631-4 " );

   xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
" title " );
   xmlWriter.WriteString(
" CS从入门到精通 " );
   xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();

   xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
" author " );
   xmlWriter.WriteString(
" 候捷 " );
   xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();

   xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
" price " );
   xmlWriter.WriteString(
" 58.3 " );
   xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();

   xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();

   xmlWriter.Close();
//
结果:
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " gb2312 " ?>
< Employees >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
</ Employees >

2 ,添加一个结点:

XmlDocument xmlDoc
= new  XmlDocument(); 
xmlDoc.Load(Server.MapPath(
" data.xml " )); 
XmlNode root
= xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Employees " ); // 查找<Employees> 
XmlElement xe1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Node " ); // 创建一个<Node>节点 
xe1.SetAttribute( " genre " , " 张三 " ); // 设置该节点genre属性 
xe1.SetAttribute( " ISBN " , " 1-1111-1 " ); // 设置该节点ISBN属性 

XmlElement xesub1
= xmlDoc.CreateElement( " title " ); 
xesub1.InnerText
= " C#入门帮助 " ; // 设置文本节点 
xe1.AppendChild(xesub1); // 添加到<Node>节点中 
XmlElement xesub2 = xmlDoc.CreateElement( " author " ); 
xesub2.InnerText
= " 高手 "
xe1.AppendChild(xesub2); 
XmlElement xesub3
= xmlDoc.CreateElement( " price " ); 
xesub3.InnerText
= " 158.3 "
xe1.AppendChild(xesub3); 

root.AppendChild(xe1);
// 添加到<Employees>节点中 
xmlDoc.Save ( Server.MapPath( " data.xml " ) );

//
结果:在xml原有的内容里添加了一个结点,内容如下,
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " gb2312 " ?>
< Employees >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " 张三 "  ISBN = " 1-1111-1 " >
    
< title > C#入门帮助 </ title >
    
< author > 高手 </ author >
    
< price > 158.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
</ Employees >

3 ,修改结点的值(属性和子结点):

XmlDocument xmlDoc
= new  XmlDocument(); 
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
" data.xml " ) ); 

XmlNodeList nodeList
= xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Employees " ).ChildNodes; // 获取Employees节点的所有子节点 

foreach (XmlNode xn  in  nodeList) // 遍历所有子节点 

XmlElement xe
= (XmlElement)xn; // 将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型 
if (xe.GetAttribute( " genre " ) == " 张三 " ) // 如果genre属性值为“张三” 

xe.SetAttribute(
" genre " , " update张三 " ); // 则修改该属性为“update张三” 

XmlNodeList nls
= xe.ChildNodes; // 继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点 
foreach (XmlNode xn1  in  nls) // 遍历 

XmlElement xe2
= (XmlElement)xn1; // 转换类型 
if (xe2.Name == " author " ) // 如果找到 

xe2.InnerText
= " 亚胜 " ; // 则修改




xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
" data.xml " ) ); // 保存。

//
结果:将原来的所有结点的信息都修改了,xml的内容如下,
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " gb2312 " ?>
< Employees >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " update张三 "  ISBN = " 1-1111-1 " >
    
< title > C#入门帮助 </ title >
    
< author > 亚胜 </ author >
    
< price > 158.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
</ Employees >

4 ,修改结点(添加结点的属性和添加结点的自结点):
XmlDocument xmlDoc
= new  XmlDocument(); 
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
" data.xml " ) ); 

XmlNodeList nodeList
= xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Employees " ).ChildNodes; // 获取Employees节点的所有子节点 

foreach (XmlNode xn  in  nodeList) 

XmlElement xe
= (XmlElement)xn; 
xe.SetAttribute(
" test " , " 111111 " );

XmlElement xesub
= xmlDoc.CreateElement( " flag " ); 
xesub.InnerText
= " 1 "
xe.AppendChild(xesub); 

xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
" data.xml " ) );

//
结果:每个结点的属性都添加了一个,子结点也添加了一个,内容如下,
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " gb2312 " ?>
< Employees >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 "  test = " 111111 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
    
< flag > 1 </ flag >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 "  test = " 111111 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
    
< flag > 1 </ flag >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " update张三 "  ISBN = " 1-1111-1 "  test = " 111111 " >
    
< title > C#入门帮助 </ title >
    
< author > 亚胜 </ author >
    
< price > 158.3 </ price >
    
< flag > 1 </ flag >
  
</ Node >
</ Employees >

5 ,删除结点中的某一个属性:
XmlDocument xmlDoc
= new  XmlDocument(); 
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
" data.xml " ) ); 
XmlNodeList xnl
= xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Employees " ).ChildNodes; 
foreach (XmlNode xn  in  xnl) 

XmlElement xe
= (XmlElement)xn; 
xe.RemoveAttribute(
" genre " ); // 删除genre属性 

XmlNodeList nls
= xe.ChildNodes; // 继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点 
foreach (XmlNode xn1  in  nls) // 遍历 

XmlElement xe2
= (XmlElement)xn1; // 转换类型 
if (xe2.Name == " flag " ) // 如果找到 

xe.RemoveChild(xe2);
// 则删除



xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
" data.xml " ) ); 

//]
结果:删除了结点的一个属性和结点的一个子结点,内容如下,
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " gb2312 " ?>
< Employees >
  
< Node ISBN = " 2-3631-4 "  test = " 111111 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node ISBN = " 2-3631-4 "  test = " 111111 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node ISBN = " 1-1111-1 "  test = " 111111 " >
    
< title > C#入门帮助 </ title >
    
< author > 亚胜 </ author >
    
< price > 158.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
</ Employees >

6 ,删除结点:
XmlDocument xmlDoc
= new  XmlDocument(); 
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
" data.xml " ) ); 
XmlNode root
= xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Employees " );
XmlNodeList xnl
= xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Employees " ).ChildNodes; 
for ( int  i = 0 ;i < xnl.Count;i ++ )
{
XmlElement xe
= (XmlElement)xnl.Item(i); 
if (xe.GetAttribute( " genre " ) == " 张三 "

root.RemoveChild(xe);
if (i < xnl.Count)i = i - 1 ;

}
xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
" data.xml " ) ); 

//]
结果:删除了符合条件的所有结点,原来的内容:

<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " gb2312 " ?>
< Employees >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " 张三 "  ISBN = " 1-1111-1 " >
    
< title > C#入门帮助 </ title >
    
< author > 高手 </ author >
    
< price > 158.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " 张三 "  ISBN = " 1-1111-1 " >
    
< title > C#入门帮助 </ title >
    
< author > 高手 </ author >
    
< price > 158.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
</ Employees >

删除后的内容:
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " gb2312 " ?>
< Employees >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
  
< Node genre = " 李赞红 "  ISBN = " 2-3631-4 " >
    
< title > CS从入门到精通 </ title >
    
< author > 候捷 </ author >
    
< price > 58.3 </ price >
  
</ Node >
</ Employees >

 
7 ,按照文本文件读取xml

System.IO.StreamReader myFile 
= new  
System.IO.StreamReader(Server.MapPath(
" data.xml " ),System.Text.Encoding.Default);
// 注意System.Text.Encoding.Default

string  myString  =  myFile.ReadToEnd(); // myString是读出的字符串
myFile.Close();

三、高级应用 

/* 读取xml数据   两种xml方式 */
< aaa >
     
< bb > something </ bb >
     
< cc > something </ cc >
</ aaa >
 
< aaa >
    
< add key = " 123 "  value = " 321 " />
</ aaa >

/* 第一种方法 */
DS.ReadXml(
" your xmlfile name " );
Container.DataItem(
" bb " );
Container.DataItem(
" cc " );
DS.ReadXmlSchema(
" your xmlfile name " );
 
/* 第二种方法 */
< aaa >
    
< add key = " 123 "  value = " 321 " />
</ aaa >
如果我要找到123然后取到321应该怎么写呢?
 
using  System.XML;
XmlDataDocument xmlDoc 
=   new  System.Xml.XmlDataDocument();
xmlDoc.Load(
@" c:\Config.xml " );
XmlElement elem 
=  xmlDoc.GetElementById( " add " );
string  str  =  elem.Attributes[ " value " ].Value
 
 
/* 第三种方法:  SelectSingleNode  读取两种格式的xml *---/
--------------------------------------------------------------------
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <appSettings>
       <ConnectionString>Data Source=yf; user id=ctm_dbo;password=123</ConnectionString>             
  </appSettings>
</configuration>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(strXmlName);
 
    XmlNode node=doc.SelectSingleNode("/configuration/appSettings/ConnectionString");
    if(node!=null)
    {
     string k1=node.Value;    //null
     string k2=node.InnerText;//Data Source=yf; user id=ctm_dbo;password=123
     string k3=node.InnerXml;//Data Source=yf; user id=ctm_dbo;password=123
     node=null;
    }
 
********************************************************************
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <appSettings>
       <add key="ConnectionString" value="Data Source=yf; user id=ctm_dbo;password=123" />             
  </appSettings>
</configuration>
**--------------------------------------------------------------------**
     XmlNode node=doc.SelectSingleNode("/configuration/appSettings/add");
    if(node!=null)
    {
     string k=node.Attributes["key"].Value;
     string v=node.Attributes["value"].Value;
     node=null;
    }
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*
    XmlNode node=doc.SelectSingleNode("/configuration/appSettings/add");
    if(node!=null)
    {
     XmlNodeReader nr=new XmlNodeReader(node);
     nr.MoveToContent();
    //检查当前节点是否是内容节点。如果此节点不是内容节点,则读取器向前跳至下一个内容节点或文件结尾。
     nr.MoveToAttribute("value");
     string s=nr.Value;
     node=null;
    }

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/rainsure/archive/2008/09/19/1294482.html

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