vue 字典配置_快速字典

Swift字典用于存储相同类型的无序值列表。Swift严格检查，即使错误也不允许您在字典中输入错误的类型。

Swift字典使用唯一的标识符作为密钥存储一个值，后来可以通过相同的键引用和查找值。与数组中的项目不同，字典中的项目没有指定的顺序。您可以使用字典，当你需要根据自己的标识符中查找值。

字典键可以是整数或字符string而不受限制，但在字典中它应该是唯一的。

如果您将创建的字典分配给变量，则它始终是可变的，这意味着您可以通过添加，删除或更改其项目来更改它。但是，如果您将字典分配给常量，则该字典是不可变的，并且其大小和内容不能更改。

创建字典

您可以使用以下初始化程序语法创建某个类型的空字典 -

var someDict = [KeyType: ValueType]()

您可以使用以下简单语法创建一个空字典，其键将为Int类型，相关值将为字符string -

var someDict = [Int: String]()

以下是从一组给定值创建字典的示例 -

var someDict:[Int:String] = [1:"One", 2:"Two", 3:"Three"]

访问字典

You can retrieve a value from a dictionary by using subscript syntax, passing the key of the value you want to retrieve within square brackets immediately after the name of the dictionary as follows −

var someVar = someDict[key]

Let"s check the following example to create, initialize, and access values from a dictionary −

importCocoavarsomeDict:[Int:String]=[1:"One",2:"Two",3:"Three"]varsomeVar=someDict[1]println("Value of key = 1 is (someVar)")println("Value of key = 2 is (someDict[2])")println("Value of key = 3 is (someDict[3])")

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

Value of key = 1 is Optional("One")

Value of key = 2 is Optional("Two")

Value of key = 3 is Optional("Three")

Modifying Dictionaries

You can use updateValue(forKey:) method to add an existing value to a given key of the dictionary. This method returns an optional value of the dictionary"s value type. Here is a simple example −

importCocoavarsomeDict:[Int:String]=[1:"One",2:"Two",3:"Three"]varoldVal=someDict.updateValue("New value of one",forKey:1)varsomeVar=someDict[1]println("Old value of key = 1 is (oldVal)")println("Value of key = 1 is (someVar)")println("Value of key = 2 is (someDict[2])")println("Value of key = 3 is (someDict[3])")

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

Old value of key = 1 is Optional("One")

Value of key = 1 is Optional("New value of one")

Value of key = 2 is Optional("Two")

Value of key = 3 is Optional("Three")

You can modify an existing element of a dictionary by assigning new value at a given key as shown in the following example −

importCocoavarsomeDict:[Int:String]=[1:"One",2:"Two",3:"Three"]varoldVal=someDict[1]someDict[1]="New value of one"varsomeVar=someDict[1]println("Old value of key = 1 is (oldVal)")println("Value of key = 1 is (someVar)")println("Value of key = 2 is (someDict[2])")println("Value of key = 3 is (someDict[3])")

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

Old value of key = 1 is Optional("One")

Value of key = 1 is Optional("New value of one")

Value of key = 2 is Optional("Two")

Value of key = 3 is Optional("Three")

Remove Key-Value Pairs

您可以使用removeValueForKey()方法从字典中删除键值对。如果存在此方法，则该方法将删除键值对，并返回已删除的值，如果不存在值，则返回nil。这是一个简单的例子 -

importCocoavarsomeDict:[Int:String]=[1:"One",2:"Two",3:"Three"]varremovedValue=someDict.removeValueForKey(2)println("Value of key = 1 is (someDict[1])")println("Value of key = 2 is (someDict[2])")println("Value of key = 3 is (someDict[3])")

当上述代码被编译和执行时，它产生以下结果 -

Value of key = 1 is Optional("One")

Value of key = 2 is nil

Value of key = 3 is Optional("Three")

您还可以使用下标语法从字典中删除键值对，为该键分配一个nil值。这是一个简单的例子 -

importCocoavarsomeDict:[Int:String]=[1:"One",2:"Two",3:"Three"]someDict[2]=nilprintln("Value of key = 1 is (someDict[1])")println("Value of key = 2 is (someDict[2])")println("Value of key = 3 is (someDict[3])")

当上述代码被编译和执行时，它产生以下结果 -

Value of key = 1 is Optional("One")

Value of key = 2 is nil

Value of key = 3 is Optional("Three")

迭代字典

您可以使用for-in循环遍历字典中的整个键值对集合，如以下示例所示：

importCocoavarsomeDict:[Int:String]=[1:"One",2:"Two",3:"Three"]for(key,value)insomeDict{println("Dictionary key (key) - Dictionary value (value)")}

当上述代码被编译和执行时，它产生以下结果 -

Dictionary key 2 - Dictionary value Two

Dictionary key 3 - Dictionary value Three

Dictionary key 1 - Dictionary value One

您可以使用枚举()函数，它返回项目的索引及其(键值)对，如下例所示：

importCocoavarsomeDict:[Int:String]=[1:"One",2:"Two",3:"Three"]for(key,value)inenumerate(someDict){println("Dictionary key (key) - Dictionary value (value)")}

当上述代码被编译和执行时，它产生以下结果 -

Dictionary key 0 - Dictionary value (2, Two)

Dictionary key 1 - Dictionary value (3, Three)

Dictionary key 2 - Dictionary value (1, One)

转换为数组

您可以从给定的字典中提取键值对列表，为键和值构建单独的数组。这是一个例子 -

importCocoavarsomeDict:[Int:String]=[1:"One",2:"Two",3:"Three"]letdictKeys=[Int](someDict.keys)letdictValues=[String](someDict.values)println("Print Dictionary Keys")for(key)indictKeys{println("(key)")}println("Print Dictionary Values")for(value)indictValues{println("(value)")}

当上述代码被编译和执行时，它产生以下结果 -

Print Dictionary Keys

2

3

1

Print Dictionary Values

Two

Three

One

计数财产

您可以使用字典的只读计数属性来查找字典中的项目数，如下所示：

importCocoavarsomeDict1:[Int:String]=[1:"One",2:"Two",3:"Three"]varsomeDict2:[Int:String]=[4:"Four",5:"Five"]println("Total items in someDict1 = (someDict1.count)")println("Total items in someDict2 = (someDict2.count)")

当上述代码被编译和执行时，它产生以下结果 -

Total items in someDict1 = 3

Total items in someDict2 = 2

空的财产

您可以使用字典的只读空属性来查找字典是否为空，如下所示：

importCocoavarsomeDict1:[Int:String]=[1:"One",2:"Two",3:"Three"]varsomeDict2:[Int:String]=[4:"Four",5:"Five"]varsomeDict3:[Int:String]=[Int:String]()println("someDict1 = (someDict1.isEmpty)")println("someDict2 = (someDict2.isEmpty)")println("someDict3 = (someDict3.isEmpty)")

当上述代码被编译和执行时，它产生以下结果 -

someDict1 = false

someDict2 = false

someDict3 = true