图像非局部均值滤波的原理

　　图像非局部均值滤波的原理和空间局部滤波不相同，局部空间滤波实质上是在频域上对图像进行滤波处理，而非局部均值滤波利用了噪声的非相关的特性。如下图所示，在一幅图像中，具有相同像素的图像块是很多的，而其中的噪声是不相关的。

我们假设无噪声像素块为f(x,y)，加性噪声为n(x,y)，那么加噪后的像素块为g（x,y）=f(x,y)+n(x,y);我们把多个像素块进行叠加然后取平均值得到

对该像素块取均值得到：

由于像素块的相似性，上式中右边第一项化简为f(x,y),第二项由于噪声的均值为0，所以

另外由于噪声的非相关性，在任意点（x,y）处的g(x,y)方差为

所以，方差为：

由此可见，通过非局部均值的方法可以减少图像中的噪声。

　                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/helloforworld/p/5303422.html