openwrt lua mysql_openwrt实践 | Lua快速入门教程

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一、定义变量

数字，双精度

local free_space = 6

free_space = 6.666666

字符串度

local usb_local_path = "/mnt/sda1/"

local plug_flash_db = '/usr/share/ipk/plug_db'

--定义多行字符串

local plug_config_path = [[/tmp/init_plug.config]]

空类型

local plug_location = nil

注：nil，即NULL，支持垃圾回收

布尔类型

-------------------------------

--fasle: nil & false

--true: 0 & "" & 非空字符串

-------------------------------

local IS_USB_EXIST = false

表

--空表

local plug_log = {}

--数组

local arr = {

[1] = 10,

[2] = 20,

[3] = 30,

[4] = 40,

[5] = 50

}

--键值对

local plug_get_opt_list = {

["get_plug"] = "get_plug",

["get_plug_status"] = "get_plug_status"

}

local PLUG_STATUS = {

["DOWNLOADING"] = 1,

["INSTALLING"] = 2,

["FAILED"] = 3,

["START"] = 4,

["STOP"] = 5

}

二、控制语句

if-else 语句

if plug_opt == "remove" then

res = remove_plugin(plug_code, plug_exec_fname)

elseif plug_opt == "cmd_ctrl" then

res = control_plugin(cmd_argc_list, plug_exec_fname)

else

res, code = false, PLUG_OPT_CODE.ERROR

end

while 循环

while value >= 36 do

local temp = value % 36

...

end

for循环

local flash_db_res, res = {}, {}

flash_db_res = db_util:fetch_plug_status(plug_code)

for k, v in pairs(flash_db_res) do

table.insert(res, v)

end

for i = 1, #week_repeat, 2 do

...

end

until循环

repeat

...

until sum > 1000

三、函数

函数与其他类型一样，属于基本类型，且也分局部和全局之分

普通函数

function do_remove_by_opkg(plug_name)

local cmd = "opkg remove "..plug_name

plug_mkdir_slink()

lue(cmd)

plug_rmdir_slink()

end

多返回值函数

function install_plug(plug_code, plug_md5, plug_url)

...

--TODO:subthread

local plug_local_path = download_plug(plug_code, plug_url)

local check_md5_flag = check_plug_md5(plug_md5)

if check_md5_flag == false then

clr_failed_plug_from_db(plug_code)

return false, PLUG_OPT_CODE.CHECK_MD5_ERROR

end

...

return true, PLUG_OPT_CODE.NORMAL

end

递归函数

function RecursionPreOrder(BiTree t){

if(t ~= nil){

print(t.data);

RecursionPreOrder(t.lchild);

RecursionPreOrder(t.rchild);

}

}

闭包函数

function external_func()

local i = 0

function internal_func()

i = i + 1

return i

end

return internal_func

end

local closure_func = external_func()

print(closure_func()) --1

print(closure_func()) --2

print(closure_func()) --3

print(closure_func()) --4

四、Table操作

初始化table

local PLUG_OPT_CODE = {

["NORMAL"] = 200,

...

}

获取table值

print(PLUG_OPT_CODE.NORMAL)

print(PLUG_OPT_CODE["NORMAL"])

遍历table

local is_uniq = true

for usb_k,usb_v in pairs(usb_db_res) do

for res_k, res_v in pairs(res) do

if res_v["plug_code"] == usb_v["plug_code"] then

is_uniq = false

break

end

end

if is_uniq == true then

table.insert(res, usb_v)

end

end

五、面向对象EXAMPLE

db_util类

module("plug_db_util", package.seeall)

db_util = {}

function db_util:fetch_plug(plug_code)

...

end

db_util类实例

local db_util = require "plug_db_util".db_util

function get_plug_from_db(plug_param)

...

if plug_param.plug_code ~= nil and plug_param.plug_opt ~= "get_plug_status" then

init_plug_install_local_path(STORAGE_NODE["FLASH"])

plug_location = STORAGE_NODE["FLASH"]

local res = db_util:fetch_plug(plug_param.plug_code)

if next(res) == nil and IS_USB_EXIST == true then

init_plug_install_local_path(STORAGE_NODE["USB"])

plug_location = STORAGE_NODE["USB"]

res = db_util:fetch_plug(plug_param.plug_code)

end

...

end

...

end

六、常用标准库函数

string库

local str = [[rh_Jameson]]

print( string.lower(str) ) --rh_jameson

print( string.upper(str) ) --RH_JAMESON

print( string.len(str) ) --10

--字符串重复输出

print( string.rep(str, 3) ) --rh_Jamesonrh_Jamesonrh_Jameson

--字符串截取

print( string.sub(str, 4, -1) ) --Jameson

print( string.sub(str, 4, 10) ) --Jameson

print( string.sub(str, 4, #str) ) --Jameson

--字符串查找，返回起始 & 结束索引

print( string.find(str, "%_")) --3 3

print( string.sub(str, string.find(str, "%_") + 1, #str ) ) --Jameson

--字符串匹配，匹配不上返回nil

print( string.match(str, "%_") ) --_

--字符串替换

print( string.gsub(str, '_', '@')) --rh@Jameson 1

--字符串格式化输出

--openwrt is operate system of router, 6666 ...

print( string.format("%s is %s of router, %d %s", "openwrt", "operate system", 6666, "..."))

os库

os.remove("/tmp/"..lock_file)

os.rename("/tmp/"..lock_file.."rename")

os.execute("rm /tmp/init_plug.config")

os.time()

os.date()

io库

---------------------

--PLUG OPT LOCK DEMO

----------------------

function plug_opt_lock(lock_file)

local ct = os.time()

local file = io.open("/tmp/".. lock_file, "w")

file:write(ct);

file:close();

end

function is_plug_lock(lock_file, timeval)

local file = io.open("/tmp/"..lock_file, "r")

if file == nil then

return false

end

local ctn = file:read()

if ctn == nil or ctn == "" then

ctn = 0

end

file:close();

local ct = os.time()

if(ct - tonumber(ctn) > timeval) then

os.remove("/tmp/"..lock_file);

return false;

end

return true;

end

---------------------

--CRON WIFI DEMO

----------------------

function get_smart_wifi_info()

local res = {}

local smart_wifi_info = io.open("/etc/crontabs/root", "r")

if smart_wifi_info == nil then

return "false"

end

for line in smart_wifi_info:lines() do

...

end

...

smart_wifi_info:close()

return res;

end

table库

for key,val in pairs(key_res) do

table.insert(format_res, key)

end

table.sort(format_res)

function randomstring(len)

local allstr = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"

local maxlen = string.len(allstr)

local srt = {}

for i=1,len,1 do

local index = random(1, maxlen)

srt[i] = string.sub(allstr, index, index)

end

return table.concat(srt, "")

end

local tb_ex = {}

local tb_inter = {

["name"] ="rh_Jameson",

["en-name"] ="rh_Jameson",

["zh-name"] ="rh_Jameson"

}

for k, v in pairs(tb_inter) do

print(k .. " : " .. v)

end

table.insert(tb_ex, tb_inter)

table.insert(tb_ex, {

["mac"] = 1,

["ip"] = 2,

["wifi"] = 3,

["devicename"] = 4,

["orgname"] = 5

})

for k, v in pairs(tb_ex) do

--print(k .. " : " .. v)

print("----------------------")

print(k)

print(v)

for kk, vv in pairs(v) do

print(kk)

print(vv)

end

print("----------------------")

end

七、其他函数

type(): 返回参数的类型名

if type(plug_code_list) == "string" then

plug_code_list = cjson.decode(plug_code_list)

end

next(): 可用来检测表是否为空

if next(ret) ~= nil then

table.insert(res, ret)

end

pcall(): 类似try {...} catch {...}

function plug_opt(plug_param)

local format_res, exec_res = {}, {}

local status = nil

status, exec_res = pcall(plug_opt_exec, plug_param)

if status == false then

log_res(plug_param.plug_opt, exec_res)

return print_res(format_res, exec_res, PLUG_OPT_CODE.OTHER_ERROR)

else

format_res = exec_res

return format_res

end

end

math.random()

function random(m, n)

local socket = require("socket")

local t = string.format("%f", socket.gettime())

local st = string.sub(t, string.find(t, "%.") + 1, -1)

math.randomseed(tonumber(string.reverse(st)))

return math.random(m,n)

end

八、设计模式： lua将多个if-else优化成键值对形式

原有形式：

function do_plug_set_opt(res, plug_opt, plug_code, plug, plug_param)

local format_res = res

local code = nil

if plug_code and plug_opt == "install" then

local install_node = check_plug_code_flag(plug_code)

local plug_install_location, specify_res = specify_install_storage_node(install_node, res)

if specify_res["code"] then

require "MZLog".log(3, res)

log_res(plug_param.plug_opt, res)

return specify_res

end

res, code = install_plugin(plug_code, plug_param.plug_md5, plug_param.plug_url, plug_install_location)

elseif plug_code and plug["plug_name"] then

local plug_exec_fname = get_plug_exec_file_name(plug["plug_code"])

init_plug_install_local_path(plug_location)

if plug_opt == "remove" then

res = remove_plugin(plug_code, plug_exec_fname)

elseif plug_opt == "start"then

res = start_plugin(plug_code, plug_exec_fname)

elseif plug_opt == "stop" then

res = stop_plugin(plug_code, plug_exec_fname)

elseif plug_opt == "cmd_ctrl" then

res = control_plugin(plug_param.cmd_argc_list, plug_exec_fname)

elseif plug_opt == "upgrade" then

res, code = upgrade_plugin(plug_code, plug_param.plug_md5, plug_param.plug_url)

end

end

if code == nil then

format_res = print_res(format_res, res, PLUG_OPT_CODE.NORMAL)

else

format_res = print_res(format_res, res, code)

end

return format_res

end

优化形式：

plug_set_opt_action = {

["install"] = plug_opt_util.install_plugin,

["async_install"] = plug_opt_util.async_install_plugin,

["remove"] = plug_opt_util.remove_plugin,

["async_remove"] = plug_opt_util.async_remove_plugin,

["start"] = plug_opt_util.start_plugin,

["stop"] = plug_opt_util.stop_plugin,

["cmd_ctrl"] = plug_opt_util.control_plugin,

["upgrade"] = plug_opt_util.upgrade_plugin,

["async_upgrade"] = plug_opt_util.async_upgrade_plugin

}

--------------------------------plug_opt_util-----------------------------------

function do_plug_set_opt(res, plug_opt, plug_code, plug, plug_param)

local format_res, code = res, nil

if plug["plug_name"] then

plug_param.plug_exec_fname = plug_info_util.get_plug_exec_file_name(plug["plug_code"])

local plug_location = plug_info_util.get_plug_location()

init_plug_install_local_path(plug_location)

end

code, res = plug_set_opt_action[plug_opt](plug_param)

format_res = print_res(format_res, res, code)

return format_res

end