在C#.net中如何操作XML
需要添加的命名空间:
using
System.Xml;
定义几个公共对象:
XmlDocument xmldoc ;
XmlNode xmlnode ;
XmlElement xmlelem ;
1,创建到服务器同名目录下的xml文件:
方法一:
xmldoc
=
new
XmlDocument ( ) ;
//
加入XML的声明段落
xmlnode
=
xmldoc.CreateNode ( XmlNodeType.XmlDeclaration ,
""
,
""
) ;
xmldoc.AppendChild ( xmlnode ) ;
//
加入一个根元素
xmlelem
=
xmldoc.CreateElement (
""
,
"
Employees
"
,
""
) ;
xmldoc.AppendChild ( xmlelem ) ;
//
加入另外一个元素
for
(
int
i
=
1
;i
<
3
;i
++
)
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
![InBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
XmlNode root=xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees");//查找<Employees>
XmlElement xe1=xmldoc.CreateElement("Node");//创建一个<Node>节点
xe1.SetAttribute("genre","李赞红");//设置该节点genre属性
xe1.SetAttribute("ISBN","2-3631-4");//设置该节点ISBN属性
![InBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
XmlElement xesub1=xmldoc.CreateElement("title");
xesub1.InnerText="CS从入门到精通";//设置文本节点
xe1.AppendChild(xesub1);//添加到<Node>节点中
XmlElement xesub2=xmldoc.CreateElement("author");
xesub2.InnerText="候捷";
xe1.AppendChild(xesub2);
XmlElement xesub3=xmldoc.CreateElement("price");
xesub3.InnerText="58.3";
xe1.AppendChild(xesub3);
![InBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
root.AppendChild(xe1);//添加到<Employees>节点中
}
//
保存创建好的XML文档
xmldoc.Save ( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) ) ;
//
结果:在同名目录下生成了名为data.xml的文件,内容如下,
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
方法二:
XmlTextWriter xmlWriter;
string
strFilename
=
Server.MapPath(
"
data1.xml
"
) ;
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
xmlWriter
=
new
XmlTextWriter(strFilename,Encoding.Default);
//
创建一个xml文档
xmlWriter.Formatting
=
Formatting.Indented;
xmlWriter.WriteStartDocument();
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
"
Employees
"
);
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
"
Node
"
);
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString(
"
genre
"
,
"
李赞红
"
);
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString(
"
ISBN
"
,
"
2-3631-4
"
);
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
"
title
"
);
xmlWriter.WriteString(
"
CS从入门到精通
"
);
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
"
author
"
);
xmlWriter.WriteString(
"
候捷
"
);
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
"
price
"
);
xmlWriter.WriteString(
"
58.3
"
);
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
xmlWriter.Close();
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
//
结果:
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
2,添加一个结点:
XmlDocument xmlDoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load(Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
));
XmlNode root
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
);
//
查找<Employees>
XmlElement xe1
=
xmlDoc.CreateElement(
"
Node
"
);
//
创建一个<Node>节点
xe1.SetAttribute(
"
genre
"
,
"
张三
"
);
//
设置该节点genre属性
xe1.SetAttribute(
"
ISBN
"
,
"
1-1111-1
"
);
//
设置该节点ISBN属性
XmlElement xesub1
=
xmlDoc.CreateElement(
"
title
"
);
xesub1.InnerText
=
"
C#入门帮助
"
;
//
设置文本节点
xe1.AppendChild(xesub1);
//
添加到<Node>节点中
XmlElement xesub2
=
xmlDoc.CreateElement(
"
author
"
);
xesub2.InnerText
=
"
高手
"
;
xe1.AppendChild(xesub2);
XmlElement xesub3
=
xmlDoc.CreateElement(
"
price
"
);
xesub3.InnerText
=
"
158.3
"
;
xe1.AppendChild(xesub3);
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
root.AppendChild(xe1);
//
添加到<Employees>节点中
xmlDoc.Save ( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
//
结果:在xml原有的内容里添加了一个结点,内容如下,
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="张三"
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
高手
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
3,修改结点的值(属性和子结点):
XmlDocument xmlDoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
XmlNodeList nodeList
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
).ChildNodes;
//
获取Employees节点的所有子节点
foreach
(XmlNode xn
in
nodeList)
//
遍历所有子节点
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
XmlElement xe=(XmlElement)xn;//将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型
if(xe.GetAttribute("genre")=="张三")//如果genre属性值为“张三”
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
{
xe.SetAttribute("genre","update张三");//则修改该属性为“update张三”
![InBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
XmlNodeList nls=xe.ChildNodes;//继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点
foreach(XmlNode xn1 in nls)//遍历
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
{
XmlElement xe2=(XmlElement)xn1;//转换类型
if(xe2.Name=="author")//如果找到
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
{
xe2.InnerText="亚胜";//则修改
}
}
}
}
xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
//
保存。
//
结果:将原来的所有结点的信息都修改了,xml的内容如下,
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="update湃?quot; ISBN="
1-1111-1"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
亚胜
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
4,修改结点(添加结点的属性和添加结点的自结点):
XmlDocument xmlDoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
XmlNodeList nodeList
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
).ChildNodes;
//
获取Employees节点的所有子节点
foreach
(XmlNode xn
in
nodeList)
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
XmlElement xe=(XmlElement)xn;
xe.SetAttribute("test","111111");
![InBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
XmlElement xesub=xmlDoc.CreateElement("flag");
xesub.InnerText="1";
xe.AppendChild(xesub);
}
xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
//
结果:每个结点的属性都添加了一个,子结点也添加了一个,内容如下,
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
<
flag
>
1
</
flag
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
<
flag
>
1
</
flag
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="update张三"
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
亚胜
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
<
flag
>
1
</
flag
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
5,删除结点中的某一个属性:
XmlDocument xmlDoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
XmlNodeList xnl
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
).ChildNodes;
foreach
(XmlNode xn
in
xnl)
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
XmlElement xe=(XmlElement)xn;
xe.RemoveAttribute("genre");//删除genre属性
![InBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
XmlNodeList nls=xe.ChildNodes;//继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点
foreach(XmlNode xn1 in nls)//遍历
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
{
XmlElement xe2=(XmlElement)xn1;//转换类型
if(xe2.Name=="flag")//如果找到
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
{
xe.RemoveChild(xe2);//则删除
}
}
}
xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
//]
结果:删除了结点的一个属性和结点的一个子结点,内容如下,
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
亚胜
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
6,删除结点:
XmlDocument xmlDoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
XmlNode root
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
);
XmlNodeList xnl
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
).ChildNodes;
for
(
int
i
=
0
;i
<
xnl.Count;i
++
)
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
XmlElement xe=(XmlElement)xnl.Item(i);
if(xe.GetAttribute("genre")=="张三")
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
{
root.RemoveChild(xe);
if(i<xnl.Count)i=i-1;
}
}
xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
//]
结果:删除了符合条件的所有结点,原来的内容:
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="张三"
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
高手
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="张三"
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
高手
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
![None.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
删除后的内容:
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>