k8s之数据存储

查看k8s支持的存储类

kubectl explain pods.spec.volumes

 

 

1.emptydir

kubectl explain pods.spec.volumes.emptyDir

 

kubectl explain pods.spec.containers 容器中设置

kubectl explain pods.spec.containers.volumeMounts

 

实例：

cd manifests/

mkdir volumes

cd volumes/

cp ../pod-demo.yaml  ./

mv pod-demo.yaml pod-vol-demo.yaml

vim pod-vol-demo.yaml

 

apiVersion: v1

kind: Pod

metadata:

  name: pod-demo

  namespace: default

  labels:

    app: myapp

    tier: frontend

spec:

  containers:

  - name: myapp

    image: ikubernetes/myapp:v1

    ports:

    - name: http

      containerPort: 80

volumeMounts: 容器中挂载

- name: html  关联pod存储卷名

 mountPath: /data/web/html  容器中挂载的路径

 

  - name: busybox

    image: busybox:latest

imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

volumeMounts:

- name: html

   mountPath: /data

    command:

    - "/bin/sh"

    - "-c"

    - "sleep 3600"

  volumes:  pod存储卷

  - name: html  pod存储卷名

    emptyDir: {}  pod存储卷类型

 

kubectl apply -f pod-vol-demo.yaml

kubectl exec -it pod-demo -c busybox -- /bin/sh

                     -c  指定busybox容器

df -hT 查看挂载

cd /data

date >> index.html

 

 

 

 kubectl exec -it pod-demo -c myapp  -- /bin/sh

                     连入myapp容器

 

df -hT

cd /data/web/html

cat index.html 可以判定两个容器共享一个目录 emptyDir

 

 

实例:

kubectl delete -f pod-vol-demo.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: Pod

metadata:

  name: pod-demo

  namespace: default

  labels:

    app: myapp

    tier: frontend

spec:

  containers:

  - name: myapp

    image: ikubernetes/myapp:v1

    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

    ports:

    - name: http

      containerPort: 80

    volumeMounts:

    - name: html

      mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html/

  - name: busybox

    image: busybox:latest

    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

    volumeMounts:

    - name: html

      mountPath: /data

    command:

    - "/bin/sh"

    - "-c"

    - "while true; do echo $(date) >> /data/index.html;sleep 2;done" 命令不会终止，终止容器就会退出

  volumes:

  - name: html

    emptyDir: {}

 

kubectl apply -f pod-vol-demo.yaml

curl 10.244.1.120 访问验证数据

 

 

 

1.1 gitrRepo

kubectl explain pod.spec.volumes.gitRepo

 

 

 

2.hostPath 宿主机路径 挂载宿主机真实目录，pod消失，数据还在宿主机目录上

节点级持久

 kubectl explain pod.spec.volumes.hostPath

vim pod-hostpath-vol.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: Pod

metadata:

  name: pod-vol-hostpath

  namespace: default

spec:

  containers:

  - name: myapp

    image: ikubernetes/myapp:v1

    volumeMounts:

    - name: html

      mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html/

  volumes:

  - name: html

    hostPath:  pod存储卷类型

      path: /data/pod/volume1 指定的hostPath存储路径，即本地目录路径

      type: DirectoryOrCreate 类型 目录不存在则创建

 

 

在两个节点执行，用于验证

mkdir -p /data/pod/volume1

echo "node1.baidu.com" > /data/pod/volume1/index.html

 

创建

kubectl apply -f pod-hostpath-vol.yaml

kubectl get pods -o wide

 

验证

curl 10.244.1.122

 

 

 3.网络共享存储  nfs  具有持久性

实例

node2作为 nfs共享存储

yum install nfs-utils -y

mkdir /data/volumes

vim /etc/exports

/data/volumes   192.168.81.0/24(rw,no_root_squash) 压缩root权限

systemctl start nfs  nfs工作在2049端口

 

去node1节点测试

mount -t nfs node2:/data/volumes /mnt

 

不支持挂载，安装nfs套件

yum install nfs-utils -y

mount -t nfs node2:/data/volumes /mnt 测试能挂载上才能做网络共享存储

然后卸载 umount /mnt/

 

cp pod-hostpath-vol.yaml pod-nfs-vol.yaml

kubectl explain pods.spec.volumes.nfs

vim pod-nfs-vol.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: Pod

metadata:

  name: pod-vol-nfs

  namespace: default

spec:

  containers:

  - name: myapp

    image: ikubernetes/myapp:v1

    volumeMounts:

    - name: html

      mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html/

  volumes:

  - name: html

    nfs:  指定pod存储卷类型为nfs网络共享存储

      path: /data/volumes  nfs的共享目录

      server: node2  nfs服务器地址

 

 

创建

kubectl apply -f pod-nfs-vol.yaml

 

验证

kubectl get pods  -o wide

去nfs共享目录创建一个网页

echo "<h1>nfs store</h1>"  > /data/volumes/index.html

curl 10.244.2.96

 

 

 

4.persistentVolumeClaim  PVC 持久存储申请  

kubectl explain pod.spec.volumes.persistentVolumeClaim

kubectl explain pvc

pvc 与 pv一一对应

pvc可以给多个pod访问

 

创建pv

以前面nfs为存储

cd /data/volumes

mkdir v{1,2,3,4,5}

vim /etc/exports

/data/volumes/v1        192.168.81.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)

/data/volumes/v2        192.168.81.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)

/data/volumes/v3        192.168.81.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)

/data/volumes/v4        192.168.81.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)

/data/volumes/v5        192.168.81.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)

 

systemctl restart nfs

exportfs -arv

在node1上 showmount -e node2

在master上k8s把5个存储卷定义成pv

kubectl explain pv

kubectl explain pv.spec

kubectl explain pv.spec.nfs

vim pv-demo.yaml

 

apiVersion: v1

kind: PersistentVolume 资源类型 pv

metadata:

  name: pv001  pv名

  labels:  pv标签

    name: pv001

    polity: fast

spec:  pv规格

  nfs:  pv的存储类型nfs

    path: /data/volumes/v1  nfs共享的目录

server: node2  nfs服务器地址

accessModes: ["ReadWriteMany","ReadWriteOnce"]  pv读写模式 多路读写 单路读写

capacity:  pv最大容量

storage: 1Gi   最大容量1Gi

---

apiVersion: v1

kind: PersistentVolume

metadata:

  name: pv002

  labels:

    name: pv002

    polity: fast

spec:

  nfs:

    path: /data/volumes/v2

    server: node2

  accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]

  capacity:

    storage: 5Gi

---

 

apiVersion: v1

kind: PersistentVolume

metadata:

  name: pv003

  labels:

    name: pv003

    polity: fast

spec:

  nfs:

    path: /data/volumes/v3

    server: node2

  accessModes: ["ReadWriteMany","ReadWriteOnce"]

  capacity:

    storage: 20Gi

---

 

apiVersion: v1

kind: PersistentVolume

metadata:

  name: pv004

  labels:

    name: pv004

    polity: fast

spec:

  nfs:

    path: /data/volumes/v4

    server: node2

  accessModes: ["ReadWriteMany","ReadWriteOnce"]

  capacity:

    storage: 10Gi

---

 

apiVersion: v1

kind: PersistentVolume

metadata:

  name: pv005

  labels:

    name: pv005

    polity: fast

spec:

  nfs:

    path: /data/volumes/v5

    server: node2

  accessModes: ["ReadWriteMany","ReadWriteOnce"]

  capacity:

    storage: 10Gi

    

 

创建

kubectl apply -f pv-demo.yaml

kubectl get pv

 

注：RECLAIM POLICY 回收策略  pvc绑定解除之后数据处理问题

 

 

创建pvc

vim pod-vol-pvc.yaml

 

apiVersion: v1

kind: PersistentVolumeClaim 资源类型 pvc

metadata:

  name: mypvc   pvc名

  namespace: default  pvc名称空间要与使用该pvc的pod名称空间一致

spec: 规格

  accessModes: ["ReadWriteMany"]  指定使用pv的方式 多路读写

  resources:  要求的资源大小

    requests:  要求

      storage: 6Gi 大小6G存储

 

---

apiVersion: v1

kind: Pod

metadata:

  name: pod-vol-pvc

  namespace: default

spec:

  containers:

  - name: myapp

    image: ikubernetes/myapp:v1

    volumeMounts:

    - name: html

      mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html/

  volumes:  指定pod存储类型

  - name: html  pod存储名

    persistentVolumeClaim:  pod存储类型为pvc

      claimName: mypvc  申请名，就是pvc名

 

 

创建pvc和pod

kubectl apply -f pod-vol-pvc.yaml

                             

 

验证

 kubectl get pv 可以看到一个pv被绑定了

 kubectl get pvc 查看pvc

kubectl get pods -o wide

kubectl describe pods pod-vol-pvc

 

测试:

到nfs的 v5目录

echo test node v5 > index.html

然后在任一节点

curl 10.244.2.49

 

kubectl delete pods pod-vol-pvc  删除pod数据依然在

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/leiwenbin627/p/11312488.html