dom4j组装xml 以及解析xml：
1.下载dom4j的jar包，地址：https://dom4j.github.io/
2.java代码：
package test; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException; import org.dom4j.Document; import org.dom4j.DocumentException; import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper; import org.dom4j.Element; import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat; import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader; import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; /** * dom4j解析xml * @author lyc * */ public class DOM4J { public static void main(String[] args) { DOM4J dom4j= new DOM4J(); try { //生成xml dom4j.objectToXml(); //解析xml //dom4j.xmlToObject(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } // 获取并解析xml格式文件为object public void xmlToObject() throws ParserConfigurationException, DocumentException, SAXException, IOException{ /** * 1.解析xml文件 */ SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader(); //将获取的xml 转化为document 文档 //这里使用了File当然也可以使用URL()从指定url获取xml并进行解析 //document从文件中解析出来 //Document document = saxReader.read(new File("src/1.xml")); /** * 2.解析xml字符串 */ //解析xml字符串 //document从字符串中解析出来 String xml = "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><student name='zhangsan'><courses><yuwen>语文</yuwen><shuxue>数学</shuxue></courses><courses><yingyu>英语</yingyu><huaxue>化学</huaxue></courses></student>"; Document document = DocumentHelper.parseText(xml); // 将字符串转为XML // 获取根元素 Element root = document.getRootElement(); // 根元素名称 System.out.println("reservationList Root----: " + root.getName()); // 获取所有子元素 List<Element> childList = root.elements(); //解析xml串 System.out.println(childList.get(0).element("yuwen").getTextTrim()); System.out.println("courses child 长度：" + childList.size()); for(Element e : childList){ List<Element> list = e.elements(); for(Element e1 : list){ System.out.println(e1.getTextTrim()); } System.out.println("=========="); } System.out.println("total reservation child count: " + childList.size()); System.out.println("第一个reservation的quotationId节点值："+childList.get(0).element("quotationId").getTextTrim()); for(Element e : childList){ /*Element helloElement = e.element("quotationId"); System.out.println(helloElement.getTextTrim());*/ Element insurantListE = e.element("insurantList"); List<Element> insurantList = insurantListE.elements(); System.out.println("total insurant child count: " + insurantList.size()); for(Element e1 : insurantList){ Element helloElement1 = e1.element("insurantName"); System.out.println(helloElement1.getTextTrim()); } } /*// 获取特定名称的子元素 List<Element> childList2 = root.elements("reservation"); Element helloElement = root.element("quotationId"); System.out.println("hello child: " + childList2.size()); // 获取特定名称的子元素的值 System.out.println("hello----"+childList2.get(0).getText()); System.out.println("hello----"+helloElement.getText().trim()); System.out.println("迭代输出-----------------------");*/ // 迭代输出 /*for (Iterator iter = root.elementIterator(); iter.hasNext();) { // 获取根目录下的元素 Element e = (Element) iter.next(); // 获取元素对应的值 System.out.println(e.getText()); // 元素的属性个数 System.out.println(e.attributeCount()); //获取元素的第一个属性的名称 System.out.println(e.attribute(0).getName()); //获取元素的第一个属性的值 System.out.println(e.attribute(0).getValue()); //获取元素的第二个属性的名称 System.out.println(e.attribute(1).getName()); //获取元素的第二个属性的值 System.out.println(e.attribute(1).getValue()); //按照属性名称获取属性值 System.out.println("are you ok :"+e.attributeValue("age")); System.out.println("are you ok :"+e.attributeValue("name")); }*/ // 使用DOMReader将xml转化为object /*System.out.println("用DOMReader-----------------------"); DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder(); // 注意要用完整类名 //将获取的xml 转化为document 文档 org.w3c.dom.Document document2 = db.parse(new File("F:/student2.xml")); DOMReader domReader = new DOMReader(); // 将JAXP的Document转换为dom4j的Document Document document3 = domReader.read(document2); Element rootElement = document3.getRootElement(); System.out.println("Root: " + rootElement.getName());*/ } // 将对象组装成xml格式文件并保存 public void objectToXml ()throws Exception{ // 第一种方式：创建文档，并创建根元素 // 创建文档:使用了一个Helper类 Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument(); // 创建根节点并添加进文档 Element root = DocumentHelper.createElement("student"); document.setRootElement(root); // 第二种方式:创建文档并设置文档的根元素节点 Element root2 = DocumentHelper.createElement("student"); Document document2 = DocumentHelper.createDocument(root2); // 给元素添加属性 root2.addAttribute("name", "zhangsan"); Element e = root2.addElement("courses"); /*Map<String,Object> map1 = new HashMap<String,Object>(); Map<String,Object> map2 = new HashMap<String,Object>(); List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList(); map2.put("yuwen", "语文"); map2.put("shuxue", "数学"); list.add(map1); list.add(map2);*/ /*for(Map map : list){ Element courseElement = e.addElement(map.entrySet().iterator().next().toString()); courseElement.setText(map.get(map.entrySet().iterator().next().toString()).toString()); }*/ Element yuwenElement = e.addElement("yuwen"); Element shuxueElement = e.addElement("shuxue"); yuwenElement.setText("语文"); shuxueElement.setText("数学"); /** * 1.生成xml字符串 */ //生成xml字符串方式一： String xmlText = document2.asXML(); System.out.println(xmlText); //生成xml字符串方式二： /*OutputFormat format1 = OutputFormat.createCompactFormat(); //createPrettyPrint() 层次格式化 StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(); XMLWriter output = new XMLWriter(writer, format1); output.write(document); System.out.println(); System.out.println("xmlToString:"+writer.toString());*/ /** * 2.生成xml文件 */ /* // 添加子节点:add之后就返回这个元素 Element helloElement = root2.addElement("hello"); Element worldElement = root2.addElement("world"); //给元素添加属性key-value worldElement.addAttribute("age","12"); worldElement.addAttribute("name","www"); helloElement.addAttribute("age","13"); helloElement.addAttribute("name","wws"); //元素的节点的值 helloElement.setText("hello Text"); worldElement.setText("world text");*/ // 输出 // 输出到控制台 XMLWriter xmlWriter = new XMLWriter(); xmlWriter.write(document); //输出到文件 //其中的" "表示格式，true参数表示另起一行，gb2312表示编码,如果不写这个参数则默认utf-8编码 //1、OutputFormat format=new OutputFormat(" ",true,"gb2312"); //生成压缩格式、紧凑格式的xml 其中的compactFormat 翻译：压缩格式 //2、 OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createCompactFormat(); //调用静态方法创建一个没有格式的打印方式 //3、 OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint(); //format.setEncoding("gb2312"); // 设置编码 OutputFormat format = new OutputFormat(" ", true);// 设置缩进为2个空格，并且另起一行为true XMLWriter xmlWriter2 = new XMLWriter( new FileOutputStream("C:/Users/lyc/Desktop/student1.xml"), format); xmlWriter2.write(document2); xmlWriter2.flush(); xmlWriter2.close(); // 另一种输出方式，记得要调用flush()方法,否则输出的文件中显示空白，调用close() 方法释放资源 XMLWriter xmlWriter3 = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter("C:/Users/lyc/Desktop/student2.xml"), format); xmlWriter3.write(document2); xmlWriter3.flush(); xmlWriter3.close(); } }
3.需要解析的xml内容：
1.xml：（自己定义xml文件），例如：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<student name="zhangsan"> <courses> <yuwen>语文</yuwen> <shuxue>数学</shuxue> </courses> </student>
4.生成xml文件：
student1.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <student name="zhangsan"> <courses> <yuwen>语文</yuwen> <shuxue>数学</shuxue> </courses> </student>
student2.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <student name="zhangsan"> <courses> <yuwen>语文</yuwen> <shuxue>数学</shuxue> </courses> </student>
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