python中json模块博客园_python json模块

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

# @Time : 2017/11/14 14:24

# @Author : lijunjiang

# @File : Json.py

'''python json模块 '''

import codecs

import json

"""

JSON(JavaScript Object Notation) 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。易于人阅读和编写。同时也易于机器解析和生成。

Pyhton的Json模块提供了把内存中的对象序列化的方法

"""

# json.dumps 和 json.dump

# dump的功能是把python 对象 encode 为json对象的一个编码过程

# json 模块提供了json.dumps 和 json.dump 方法，区别是dump 直接到文件，dumps 到一个字符串，s可理解为string

# json.dumps :把python对象编码为string

data = [{'a':'A', 'b':(2, 4), 'c':3.0}]

print('DATA: {0}',format(data))

print(type(data))

data_string = json.dumps(data)

print('JSON: {0}'.format(data_string))

print(type(data_string))

'''

C:\Python27\python.exe D:/Python/modules/Json.py

DATA: {0} [{'a': 'A', 'c': 3.0, 'b': (2, 4)}]

JSON: [{"a": "A", "c": 3.0, "b": [2, 4]}]

Process finished with exit code 0

'''

# json.dump :把python 对象写入文件

# python 对象不能直接写入到文件，需要将其序列化之后才可以

# 直接将python对象写入到方件

data = [{'a':'A', 'b':(2, 4), 'c':3.0}]

with codecs.open('Json.txt', 'w') as f:

f.write(data)

'''

C:\Python27\python.exe D:/Python/modules/Json.py

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "D:/Python/modules/Json.py", line 49, in

f.write(data)

TypeError: expected a string or other character buffer object

Process finished with exit code 1

'''

# 直接将phthon 对象写入文件会报：TypeError: expected a string or other character buffer object 错误

# 通过json.dump 写入文件

data = [{'a':'A', 'b':(2, 4), 'c':3.0}]

with codecs.open('Json.txt', 'w') as f:

json.dump(data, f)

with codecs.open('Json.txt', 'r') as f:

json_txt = f.read()

print(json_txt)

'''

C:\Python27\python.exe D:/Python/modules/Json.py

[{"a": "A", "c": 3.0, "b": [2, 4]}]

Process finished with exit code 0

'''

# json.load 和 json.loads

# 作用是将 json对象decode解码成python 可以识别的对象

# 与dump和dumps对应，json.load方法是基于文件的，json.loads 是基于字符串的

# json.loads : 将json 字符串 decode 为 Python 对象

data_str1 = '[{"a": "A", "c": 3.0, "b": [2, 4]}]'

data_str2 = '{"a": "A", "c": 3.0, "b": [2, 4]}'

print('data_str1: {0}'.format(data_str1))

print(type(data_str1))

print('data_str2: {0}'.format(data_str2))

print(type(data_str2))

data_py1 = json.loads(data_str1)

data_py2 = json.loads(data_str2)

print('data_py1: {0}'.format(data_py1))

print(type(data_py1))

print('data_py2: {0}'.format(data_py2))

print(type(data_py2))

'''

C:\Python27\python.exe D:/Python/modules/Json.py

data_str1: [{"a": "A", "c": 3.0, "b": [2, 4]}]

data_str2: {"a": "A", "c": 3.0, "b": [2, 4]}

data_py1: [{u'a': u'A', u'c': 3.0, u'b': [2, 4]}]

data_py2: {u'a': u'A', u'c': 3.0, u'b': [2, 4]}

Process finished with exit code 0

'''

# 上例中，将字符串 data_str1 decode 为python 的list ，将data_str2 decode 为python的 dict 对象

# json.load : 将json 方件 decode 解码为 python 对象

with codecs.open('Json.txt','r') as f:

print('f type: {}'.format(type(f)))

Json_txt = f.read()

print('Json.txt info : {}'.format(Json_txt))

with codecs.open('Json.txt', 'r') as f:

json_txt_py = json.load(f)

print('json_txt_py: {}'.format(json_txt_py))

print(type(json_txt_py))

'''

C:\Python27\python.exe D:/Python/modules/Json.py

f type:

Json.txt info : [{"a": "A", "c": 3.0, "b": [2, 4]}]

json_txt_py: [{u'a': u'A', u'c': 3.0, u'b': [2, 4]}]

Process finished with exit code 0

'''