查看mysql的分区功能是否启用:mysql> show variables like '%part%';
+-------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------+-------+
| have_partitioning | YES |
+-------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
创建一个分区表:CREATE TABLE `test100` (
`xuhao` int(11) NOT NULL,
`xuhao2` int(11) NOT NULL,
) ENGINE=innodb DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 PARTITION BY RANGE (xuhao)
(PARTITION p201303 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2013-04-01')),PARTITION p201304 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2013-05-01')),PARTITION p201305 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2013-06-01')),PARTITION p201306 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2013-07-01')),PARTITION p201307 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2013-08-01')),PARTITION p201308 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2013-09-01')),PARTITION p201309 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2013-10-01')),PARTITION p201310 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2013-11-01')),PARTITION p201311 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2013-12-01')),PARTITION p201312 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2014-01-01')),PARTITION p201401 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2014-02-01'))
);
添加分区:
alter table xxxxxxx add partition (partition p0 values less than(1991)); //只能添加大于分区键的分区
删除分区:alter table xxx drop partition p0; //可以删除任意分区
删除分区数据alter table xxxxxx truncate partition p1,p2;alter table xxxxxx truncate partition all;
或delete from xxxxxx where separated = '2006-01-01' and separated
重定义分区(包括重命名分区,伴随移动数据;合并分区)alter table xxxxx reorganize partition p1,p3,p4 into (partition pm1 values less than(2006),partition pm2 values less than(2011));
rebuild重建分区alter table xxxxxx rebuild partition pm1/all; //相当于drop所有记录,然后再reinsert;可以解决磁盘碎片
优化表alter table tt2 optimize partition pm1; //在大量delete表数据后,可以回收空间和碎片整理。但在5.5.30后支持。在5.5.30之前可以通过recreate+analyze来替代,如果用rebuild+analyze速度慢
analzye表alter table xxxxxx analyze partition pm1/all;
check表alter table xxxxxx check partition pm1/all;show create table employees2; //查看分区表的定义show table status like 'employees2'\G; //查看表时候是分区表 如“Create_options: partitioned”select * from information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE where table_name='employees2'; //查看索引SELECT * FROM information_schema.partitions WHERE table_name='employees2' //查看分区表explain partitions select * from employees2 where separated '2