mysql 5乱码_MySQL 5.x乱码问题解决

MySQL是一款常用的开源数据库软件，但是对于初次使用者好像并不是太友好，MySQL5.x的版本中默认字符集是latin1也就是我们所知道的ISO-8859-1字符集，这个字符集编码并没有包含汉字，所以我们在使用的时候汉字会出现乱码情况，通过修改数据库默认字符集即可解决。

进入MySQL命令行：

mysql> show variables like '%colla%';

+----------------------+-------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+----------------------+-------------------+

| collation_connection | gbk_chinese_ci |

| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |

| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |

+----------------------+-------------------+

3 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like '%char%';

+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

| character_set_client | gbk |

| character_set_connection | gbk |

| character_set_database | latin1 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | gbk |

| character_set_server | latin1 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\share\charsets\ |

+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

可以看到现在默认的字符集是latin1

找到MySQL的配置文件，windows中的配置文件是my.ini，我的电脑位于C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7，Linux中需要修改的是my.conf文件，具体路径根据你的实际安装位置，分别修改以下节点中的配置：

我使用的5.7中[client]节点的配置需要新增，其余两个节点[mysql]、[mysql]需要打开注释并修改为utf8.

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]

character_set_server=utf8

然后重启MySQL

net stop mysql

net start mysql

再次查看字符集，都已经被修改为utf8字符集

mysql> show variables like '%colla%';

+----------------------+-----------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+----------------------+-----------------+

| collation_connection | gbk_chinese_ci |

| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |

| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |

+----------------------+-----------------+

3 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like '%char%';

+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

| character_set_client | gbk |

| character_set_connection | gbk |

| character_set_database | utf8 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | gbk |

| character_set_server | utf8 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\share\charsets\ |

+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

为保证编码一致性还可以在创建数据库或者表的时候指定字符集，并在连接串后面指定连接参数：

?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai