MYSQL练习

近期突然有事情要加强sql练习，本文是在转载的基础上自己进行尝试练习
原文地址：
https://blog.csdn.net/fashion2014/article/details/78826299

CREATE TABLE `Student`(
`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
`s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`)
);

CREATE TABLE `Course`(
`c_id` VARCHAR(20),
`c_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`t_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`c_id`)
);

CREATE TABLE `Teacher`(
`t_id` VARCHAR(20),
`t_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY(`t_id`)
);

CREATE TABLE `Score`(
`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
`c_id` VARCHAR(20),
`s_score` INT(3),
PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`,`c_id`)
);

insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');

insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');

insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

insert into Score values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into Score values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into Score values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into Score values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into Score values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into Score values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into Score values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into Score values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into Score values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into Score values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into Score values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into Score values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into Score values('07' , '03' , 98);

SQL join 用于根据两个或多个表中的列之间的关系，从这些表中查询数据。
JOIN: 如果表中有至少一个匹配，则返回行！！！！！
LEFT JOIN: 即使右表中没有匹配，也从左表返回所有的行！！！！！
RIGHT JOIN: 即使左表中没有匹配，也从右表返回所有的行！！！！
FULL JOIN: 只要其中一个表中存在匹配，就返回行！！！！！！！

1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数
自己的答案
SELECT s.*,a.s_score as a,b.s_score as b from student s
JOIN score a on a.s_id=s.s_id and a.c_id='01'
JOIN score b on b.s_id=s.s_id and b.c_id='02'
where a.s_score > b.s_score
原文答案
select a.* ,b.s_score as 01_score,c.s_score as 02_score from
student a
join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id and b.c_id='01'
left join score c on a.s_id=c.s_id and c.c_id='02' or c.c_id = NULL where b.s_score>c.s_score

2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数
和第一题相差不多，就不写了
这是原文答案
select a.* ,b.s_score as 01_score,c.s_score as 02_score from
student a left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id and b.c_id='01' or b.c_id=NULL
join score c on a.s_id=c.s_id and c.c_id='02' where b.s_score<c.s_score

3、查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
select s.*,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) as avg_score from
student s
join score a on s.s_id = a.s_id
GROUP BY s.s_id HAVING avg_score >=60;

5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩
select a.s_id,a.s_name,count(b.c_id) as sum_course,sum(b.s_score) as sum_score from
student a
left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id
GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name;
这里说一下left join，此处即便该学生没有分数，也会返回学生信息。而join只会返回匹配的行，而right join只会返回有成绩的学生信息。

6、查询"李"姓老师的数量
SELECT t.*,COUNT(t.t_id) from teacher t
where t.t_name LIKE '李%';

7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
SELECT s.*,t.t_name from student s
LEFT JOIN score sc on sc.s_id=s.s_id
LEFT JOIN course c on sc.c_id=c.c_id
LEFT join teacher t on c.t_id=t.t_id
where t.t_name='张三';
第二种方式:
select t.t_name,s.* from student s,score sc,course c,teacher t where t.t_id=c.t_id and sc.c_id=c.c_id and t.t_name='张三' and sc.s_id=s.s_id;
原文答案：
select a.* from
student a
join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id where b.c_id in(
select c_id from course where t_id =(
select t_id from teacher where t_name = '张三'));

8、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
select s.* from student s where s.s_id not in(select sc.s_id from score sc,course c,teacher t where t.t_id=c.t_id and sc.c_id=c.c_id and t.t_name='张三');
思路为：找到所有学过张三老师的学生id，然后从所有学生里找不在这些id里的学生，即为没学过张三的学生。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/chxwkx/p/11269006.html