如何使用python编程游戏_使用Python编写一个简单的tic-tac-toe游戏的教程

这个教程，我们将展示如何用python创建一个井字游戏。 其中我们将使用函数、数组、if条件语句、while循环语句和错误捕获等。

首先我们需要创建两个函数，第一个函数用来显示游戏板: def print_board():

for i in range(0,3):

for j in range(0,3):

print map[2-i][j],

if j != 2:

print "|",

print ""

这我们使用两个for循环来遍历map，该map是一个包含了位置信息的二维数组。

游戏板看起来是这样的: | |

| |

| |

X | X |

O | X | O

| O | X

X | X | X

X | X | X

X | X | X

下面我们需要一个函数check_done()来检查游戏是否结束。如果结束，则返回True并打印消息。 def check_done():

for i in range(0,3):

if map[i][0] == map[i][1] == map[i][2] != " " \

or map[0][i] == map[1][i] == map[2][i] != " ":

print turn, "won!!!"

return True

if map[0][0] == map[1][1] == map[2][2] != " " \

or map[0][2] == map[1][1] == map[2][0] != " ":

print turn, "won!!!"

return True

if " " not in map[0] and " " not in map[1] and " " not in map[2]:

print "Draw"

return True

return False

有几个地方需要检查，首先检查水平和垂直方向，是否有一行或一列不为空且包含有三个相同的符号，然后我们再检查斜方向。如果上面有一个方向满足，游戏结束并打印“Won!!!”。请注意检查变量改变，它用来标记当前是哪一位玩家。

同时我们需要检查当前游戏板是否被填满且没有人获胜，游戏平局。

有了上面的两个函数，下面我们创建3个变量: turn = "X"

map = [[" "," "," "],

[" "," "," "],

[" "," "," "]]

done = False

turn : 轮到谁

map : 游戏板

done : 游戏是否结束

现在启动游戏: while done != True:

print_board()

print turn, "'s turn"

print

moved = False

while moved != True:

这里使用了while循环直到游戏结束并返回true.在这个循环里面，使用了另外一个while循环来检查玩家是否移动，如果玩家没有移动，则程序会跳到下一次循环。

下一步告诉玩家怎么玩: print "Please select position by typing in a number between 1 and 9, see below for which number that is which position..."

print "7|8|9"

print "4|5|6"

print "1|2|3"

print

try:

pos = input("Select: ")

if pos <=9 and pos >=1:

我们期望玩家输入一个数字，检查该数字是否是在1到9之间。另外，我们这里需要一段错误处理逻辑，我们还需要需要检查玩家是否能移动到一个位置: Y = pos/3

X = pos%3

if X != 0:

X -=1

else:

X = 2

Y -=1

以下是全部的代码: def print_board():

for i in range(0,3):

for j in range(0,3):

print map[2-i][j],

if j != 2:

print "|",

print ""

def check_done():

for i in range(0,3):

if map[i][0] == map[i][1] == map[i][2] != " " \

or map[0][i] == map[1][i] == map[2][i] != " ":

print turn, "won!!!"

return True

if map[0][0] == map[1][1] == map[2][2] != " " \

or map[0][2] == map[1][1] == map[2][0] != " ":

print turn, "won!!!"

return True

if " " not in map[0] and " " not in map[1] and " " not in map[2]:

print "Draw"

return True

return False

turn = "X"

map = [[" "," "," "],

[" "," "," "],

[" "," "," "]]

done = False

while done != True:

print_board()

print turn, "'s turn"

print

moved = False

while moved != True:

print "Please select position by typing in a number between 1 and 9,\

see below for which number that is which position..."

print "7|8|9"

print "4|5|6"

print "1|2|3"

print

try:

pos = input("Select: ")

if pos <=9 and pos >=1:

Y = pos/3

X = pos%3

if X != 0:

X -=1

else:

X = 2

Y -=1

if map[Y][X] == " ":

map[Y][X] = turn

moved = True

done = check_done()

if done == False:

if turn == "X":

turn = "O"

else:

turn = "X"

except:

print "You need to add a numeric value"