IFS代码

cfdisk /dev/hda
mkswap /dev/hda1
mkfs.xfs /dev/hda2
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS

mount /dev/hda2 $LFS

mkdir -v $LFS/sources
chmod -v a+wt $LFS/sources

mkdir -v $LFS/tools
ln -sv $LFS/tools /

groupadd lfs
useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs

passwd lfs

chown -v lfs $LFS/tools
chown -v lfs $LFS/sources

su - lfs

cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash
EOF

cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
set +h
umask 022
LFS=/mnt/lfs
LC_ALL=POSIX
PATH=/tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
export LFS LC_ALL PATH

EOF

source ~/.bash_profile

从现在开始一直到第五章结束,也就是完成Stripping中间的步骤中如果重新启动的恢复步骤:
1.重新启动计算机,并从LiveCD启动
相关知识点:在VMWare中因为磁盘已经有了信息了,所以会从磁盘启动,需要在启动虚拟机中的机器时按F2进入虚拟机的虚拟BIOS,然后在BOOT中设置第一启动为CD-ROM,保存退出即可。

2.LiveCD启动过程同第一次启动选择一样。
3.加载分区
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount /dev/hda2 $LFS
4.加载交换分区(如果不想用交换分区或者没有交换分区可跳过此步骤)
swapon /dev/hda1
5.建立工具链的链接
ln -sv $LFS/tools /
6.创建lfs用户
groupadd lfs
useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs
passwd lfs
chown -v lfs $LFS/tools
chown -v lfs $LFS/sources
su - lfs
7.建立lfs用户的环境
  

cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash
EOF

cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
set +h
umask 022
LFS=/mnt/lfs
LC_ALL=POSIX
PATH=/tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
export LFS LC_ALL PATH

EOF

source ~/.bash_profile

 

cd $LFS/sources

 


Binutils-2.17 - Pass 1
      
tar xvf /lfs-sources/binutils-2.17.tar.bz2
cd binutils-2.17

mkdir -v ../binutils-build
cd ../binutils-build
CC="gcc -B/usr/bin/" ../binutils-2.17/configure --prefix=/tools --disable-nls --disable-werror
make
make install
make -C ld clean
make -C ld LIB_PATH=/tools/lib
cp -v ld/ld-new /tools/bin
cd ..
rm -rf binutils-build
rm -rf binutils-2.17

 

GCC-4.1.2 - Pass 1

tar xvf /lfs-sources/gcc-4.1.2.tar.bz2
mkdir -v gcc-build
cd gcc-build
CC="gcc -B/usr/bin/" ../gcc-4.1.2/configure --prefix=/tools \
    --with-local-prefix=/tools --disable-nls \
    --enable-shared --enable-languages=c
make bootstrap
make install
ln -vs gcc /tools/bin/cc
cd ..
rm -rf gcc-build
rm -rf gcc-4.1.2


Linux-2.6.22.5 API Headers

tar xvf /lfs-sources/linux-2.6.22.5.tar.bz2
cd linux-2.6.22.5
make mrproper
make headers_check
make INSTALL_HDR_PATH=dest headers_install
cp -rv dest/include/* /tools/include
cd ..
rm -rf linux-2.6.22.5

Glibc-2.5.1

tar xvf /lfs-sources/glibc-2.5.1.tar.bz2
cd glibc-2.5.1
mkdir -v ../glibc-build
cd ../glibc-build
../glibc-2.5.1/configure --prefix=/tools \
--disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
--enable-kernel=2.6.0 --with-binutils=/tools/bin \
--without-gd --with-headers=/tools/include \
--without-selinux
make
mkdir -v /tools/etc
touch /tools/etc/ld.so.conf
make install
cd ..
rm -rf glibc-build
rm -rf glibc-2.5.1

调整工具链
mv -v /tools/bin/{ld,ld-old}
mv -v /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/{ld,ld-old}
mv -v /tools/bin/{ld-new,ld}
ln -sv /tools/bin/ld /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/ld
gcc -dumpspecs | sed 's@^/lib/ld-linux.so.2@/tools&@g' > `dirname $(gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/specs
GCC_INCLUDEDIR=`dirname $(gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/include &&
find ${GCC_INCLUDEDIR}/* -maxdepth 0 -xtype d -exec rm -rvf '{}' \; &&
rm -vf `grep -l "DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE" ${GCC_INCLUDEDIR}/*` &&
unset GCC_INCLUDEDIR

测试工具链的调整
echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
cc dummy.c
readelf -l a.out | grep 'tools'
如果输出大致如下
[Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2]
则表示调整成功,因为所有的库已经连接到了/tools/lib下。
rm -rf a.out dummy.c


测试工具安装

Tcl-8.4.15 Expect-5.43.0 DejaGNU-1.4.4

tar xvf /lfs-sources/tcl8.4.15-src.tar.gz
cd tcl8.4.15/unix
./configure --prefix=/tools
make
make install
make install-private-headers
ln -sv tclsh8.4 /tools/bin/tclsh
cd $LFS/sources
tar xvf /lfs-sources/expect-5.43.0.tar.gz
cd expect-5.43
patch -Np1 -i /lfs-sources/expect-5.43.0-spawn-1.patch
cp configure{,.bak}
sed 's:/usr/local/bin:/bin:' configure.bak > configure
./configure --prefix=/tools --with-tcl=/tools/lib --with-tclinclude=/tools/include --with-x=no
make
make SCRIPTS="" install
cd $LFS/sources
tar xvf /lfs-sources/dejagnu-1.4.4.tar.gz
cd dejagnu-1.4.4
./configure --prefix=/tools
make install

 

测试 GCC 和 Binutils 所需的工具(Tcl, Expect, DejaGNU)已经安装好。现在 GCC 和 Binutils 将被重新编译,

连接到新的 Glibc 并作适当测试(如果运行这章中的测试的话)。注意,这些测试套件受伪终端(PTY)的影响很大,

这些伪终端通常是由宿主系统通过 devpts 文件系统实现的。你可以用下面的方法,来测试宿主系统中PTY是否设置正常:

expect -c "spawn ls"

如果你得到下面的回答:

The system has no more ptys.
Ask your system administrator to create more.


cd ..
rm -rf tcl8.4.15
rm -rf expect-5.43
rm -rf dejagnu-1.4.4

GCC-4.1.2 - Pass 2

tar xvf /lfs-sources/gcc-4.1.2.tar.bz2
cd gcc-4.1.2
cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.orig}
sed 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in.orig > gcc/Makefile.in
cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.tmp}
sed 's/^XCFLAGS =$/& -fomit-frame-pointer/' gcc/Makefile.in.tmp \
> gcc/Makefile.in
patch -Np1 -i /lfs-sources/gcc-4.1.2-specs-1.patch
mkdir -v ../gcc-build
cd ../gcc-build
../gcc-4.1.2/configure --prefix=/tools \
--with-local-prefix=/tools \
--enable-clocale=gnu --enable-shared \
--enable-threads=posix --enable-__cxa_atexit \
--enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-libstdcxx-pch
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf gcc-build
rm -rf gcc-4.1.2
再次测试工具链的调整,以确保刚刚编译的gcc正确工作
echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
cc dummy.c
readelf -l a.out | grep 'tools'
如果输出大致如下
[Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2]
则表示调整成功,因为所有的库已经连接到了/tools/lib下。
rm -rf a.out dummy.c


Binutils-2.17 - Pass 2

tar xvf /lfs-sources/binutils-2.17.tar.bz2
mkdir -v binutils-build
cd binutils-build
../binutils-2.17/configure --prefix=/tools --disable-nls \
--with-lib-path=/tools/lib
make
make install
make -C ld clean
make -C ld LIB_PATH=/usr/lib:/lib
cp -v ld/ld-new /tools/bin
cd ..
rm -rf binutils-build
rm -rf binutils-2.17
Ncurses-5.6

tar xvf /lfs-sources/ncurses-5.6.tar.gz
cd ncurses-5.6
./configure --prefix=/tools --with-shared --without-debug --without-ada --enable-overwrite
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf ncurses-5.6

Bash-3.2

tar xvf /lfs-sources/bash-3.2.tar.gz
cd bash-3.2
patch -Np1 -i /lfs-sources/bash-3.2-fixes-5.patch
./configure --prefix=/tools --without-bash-malloc
make
make install
ln -vs bash /tools/bin/sh
cd ..
rm -rf bash-3.2

Bzip2-1.0.4

tar xvf /lfs-sources/bzip2-1.0.4.tar.gz
cd bzip2-1.0.4
make
make PREFIX=/tools install
cd ..
rm -rf bzip2-1.0.4

Coreutils-6.9

tar xvf /lfs-sources/coreutils-6.9.tar.bz2
cd coreutils-6.9
./configure --prefix=/tools
make
make install
cp -v src/su /tools/bin/su-tools
cd ..
rm -rf coreutils-6.9

Diffutils-2.8.1

tar xvf /lfs-sources/diffutils-2.8.1.tar.gz
cd diffutils-2.8.1
./configure --prefix=/tools
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf diffutils-2.8.1

Findutils-4.2.31
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/findutils-4.2.31.tar.gz
cd findutils-4.2.31
./configure --prefix=/tools
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf findutils-4.2.31

Gawk-3.1.5
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/gawk-3.1.5.tar.bz2
cd gawk-3.1.5
./configure --prefix=/tools
cat >> config.h << "EOF"
#define HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET 1
#define HAVE_LC_MESSAGES 1

EOF

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf gawk-3.1.5

Gettext-0.16.1
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/gettext-0.16.1.tar.gz
cd gettext-0.16.1
cd gettext-tools
./configure --prefix=/tools --disable-shared
make -C gnulib-lib
make -C src msgfmt
cp -v src/msgfmt /tools/bin
cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf gettext-0.16.1

Grep-2.5.1a
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/grep-2.5.1a.tar.bz2
cd grep-2.5.1a
./configure --prefix=/tools --disable-perl-regexp
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf grep-2.5.1a

Gzip-1.3.12
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/gzip-1.3.12.tar.gz
cd gzip-1.3.12
./configure --prefix=/tools
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf gzip-1.3.12

Make-3.81
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/make-3.81.tar.bz2
cd make-3.81
./configure --prefix=/tools
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf make-3.81

Patch-2.5.4
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/patch-2.5.4.tar.gz
cd patch-2.5.4
./configure --prefix=/tools
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf patch-2.5.4

Perl-5.8.8
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/perl-5.8.8.tar.bz2
cd perl-5.8.8
patch -Np1 -i /lfs-sources/perl-5.8.8-libc-2.patch
./configure.gnu --prefix=/tools -Dstatic_ext='Data/Dumper Fcntl IO POSIX'
make perl utilities
cp -v perl pod/pod2man /tools/bin
mkdir -pv /tools/lib/perl5/5.8.8
cp -Rv lib/* /tools/lib/perl5/5.8.8
cd ..
rm -rf perl-5.8.8

Sed-4.1.5
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/sed-4.1.5.tar.gz
cd sed-4.1.5
./configure --prefix=/tools
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf sed-4.1.5

Tar-1.18
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/tar-1.18.tar.bz2
cd tar-1.18
./configure --prefix=/tools
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf tar-1.18

Texinfo-4.9
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/texinfo-4.9.tar.bz2
cd texinfo-4.9
./configure --prefix=/tools
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf texinfo-4.9

Util-linux-2.12r
__________________________________________________
tar xvf /lfs-sources/util-linux-2.12r.tar.bz2
cd util-linux-2.12r
sed -i 's@/usr/include@/tools/include@g' configure
./configure
make -C lib
make -C mount mount umount
make -C text-utils more
cp -v mount/{,u}mount text-utils/more /tools/bin
cd ..
rm -rf util-linux-2.12r
Stripping
这步是可有可无的,如果你打算今后还要用/tools里面的东西,那么可以strip一下来减少占用的磁盘空间,但如果做完目标系统后就删除了,不Strip也可以,反正最后也是要删掉的。
__________________________________________________
strip --strip-debug /tools/lib/*
strip --strip-unneeded /tools/{,s}bin/*
info和man里面的内容在制作过程中没什么用处,所以删掉也没啥关系。
__________________________________________________
rm -rf /tools/{info,man}

退出lfs用户(这步不要少了)
__________________________________________________
exit
到目前为止,工具链已经制作完成了,接着就要开始制作真正的目标系统了,如果你到目前为止没出什么问题,那么恭喜你成功的通过了一关,不过接着还有相当长的路。

现在你应该是处于root用户状态的,看看你的命令行提示符是不是回到了#。

从现在开始不在需要lfs用户来制作系统了,因此我们用
__________________________________________________
chown -R root:root $LFS/tools
重新设置目录权限,便于后面的工作。


创建三个重要目录
__________________________________________________
mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys}
创建两个目标系统所必须的设备文件
__________________________________________________
mknod -m 600 $LFS/dev/console c 5 1
mknod -m 666 $LFS/dev/null c 1 3

这个时候也许你想睡觉关机了,那么重新开机后回到工作状态的步骤是:
  1.重新启动计算机,并从LiveCD启动
  2.加载分区
  export LFS=/mnt/lfs
  mkdir -pv $LFS
  mount /dev/hda2 $LFS
  3.加载交换分区(如果不想用交换分区或者没有交换分区可跳过此步骤)
  swapon /dev/hda1
相关知识点:
  这时候已经制作好了工具链,因此可以不需要建立根目录下的tools链接了。


[color="red"]利用主系统加载几个重要的文件系统,请注意这个步骤对于后面的工作极其重要。
__________________________________________________
mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev
mount -vt devpts devpts $LFS/dev/pts
mount -vt tmpfs shm $LFS/dev/shm
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
相关知识点:
mount命令加载的分区在重新启动后就失效了,所以在这其中重新启动则需要重新加载。


这里为了方便使用源码包,我将光盘加载到目标系统里
mkdir $LFS/cdrom
mount /dev/cdrom $LFS/cdrom
这个步骤不是必须的,如果你想使用,那么在重新启动后进入工作状态的步骤中在相应的位置上加入。
这里有一个更简单的办法,将lfs-sources里面所有源码包复制到$LFS/sources目录中,这步对于后面在第六章使用源代码将非常方便。
__________________________________________________
cp -a /lfs-sources/* $LFS/sources/
关于增加中文显示功能:
  为了方便在制作完后的系统能够直接显示中文,这里可以从网络上下载本人写的一个显示UTF-8编码文字的内核补丁。
  使用下面的命令来下载:
    cd $LFS/sources/
    wget  http://zdbr.net.cn/download/utf8-kernel-2.6.22.5-core-1.patch.bz2
    wget  http://zdbr.net.cn/download/utf8-kernel-2.6.22.5-fonts-1.patch.bz2
  解压缩这两个补丁
    bunzip2 utf8-kernel-2.6.22.5-core-1.patch.bz2
    bunzip2 utf8-kernel-2.6.22.5-fonts-1.patch.bz2

Chroot到目标系统的目录下,以便不受主系统的影响来制作目标系统
__________________________________________________
chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \
/tools/bin/bash --login +h
注意:这个时候你的提示符会是“I have no name!”,没有关系继续我们的工作很快就可以正常了。


这个时候如果你关机或重新启动,那么重新开机后回到工作状态的步骤是:
  1.重新启动计算机,并从LiveCD启动
  2.加载分区
  export LFS=/mnt/lfs
  mkdir -pv $LFS
  mount /dev/hda2 $LFS
  3.加载交换分区(如果不想用交换分区或者没有交换分区可跳过此步骤)
  swapon /dev/hda1
  4.加载必要的文件系统
  mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev
  mount -vt devpts devpts $LFS/dev/pts
  mount -vt tmpfs shm $LFS/dev/shm
  mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
  mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
  5.Chroot到目标系统下
  chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i \
  HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
   PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \
  /tools/bin/bash --login +h


建立目标系统的目录结构
__________________________________________________
mkdir -pv /{bin,boot,etc/opt,home,lib,mnt,opt}
mkdir -pv /{media/{floppy,cdrom},sbin,srv,var}
install -dv -m 0750 /root
install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{doc,info,locale,man}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}
for dir in /usr /usr/local; do
ln -sv share/{man,doc,info} $dir
done
mkdir -pv /var/{lock,log,mail,run,spool}
mkdir -pv /var/{opt,cache,lib/{misc,locate},local}

创建几个必要的链接,因为在目标系统的编译过程中,部分编译程序会用绝对路径来寻找命令或文件。
__________________________________________________
ln -sv /tools/bin/{bash,cat,echo,grep,pwd,stty} /bin
ln -sv /tools/bin/perl /usr/bin
ln -sv /tools/lib/libgcc_s.so{,.1} /usr/lib
ln -sv /tools/lib/libstdc++.so{,.6} /usr/lib
ln -sv bash /bin/sh
touch /etc/mtab

创建root及nobody用户和必要的组
__________________________________________________

cat > /etc/passwd << "EOF"
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
nobody:x:99:99:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/bin/false

EOF

 

cat > /etc/group << "EOF"
root:x:0:
bin:x:1:
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tty:x:4:
tape:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
usb:x:14:
cdrom:x:15:
mail:x:34:
nogroup:x:99:

EOF

 

重新加载bash,以使root用户起效,这样前面的提示符就不会是“I have no name!”
__________________________________________________
exec /tools/bin/bash --login +h

创建和设置几个临时文件和日志文件。
__________________________________________________
touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog

到目前为止,创建目标系统的准备工作以基本完成,下面就要开始目标系统的软件包安装了。

首先进入到源码目录下。
__________________________________________________
cd /sources
(此前已经将LFS需要的源码包加载到了/cdrom下,因此后面的命令将从/cdrom/lfs-sources目录下解出,如果你将源码包直接复制到了sources目录下或别的什么目录下,则要相应的修改下面的命令)
export LFS=/cdrom/lfs-sources
如果之前是将所有源码包复制到sources下的,则执行
__________________________________________________
export LFS=/sources

从现在开始一直到第六章的Stripping Again之前,这个阶段如果你关机或重新启动,那么重新开机后回到工作状态的步骤是:
  1.重新启动计算机,并从LiveCD启动
  2.加载分区
  export LFS=/mnt/lfs
  mkdir -pv $LFS
  mount /dev/hda2 $LFS
  3.加载交换分区(如果不想用交换分区或者没有交换分区可跳过此步骤)
  swapon /dev/hda1
  4.加载必要的文件系统
  mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev
  mount -vt devpts devpts $LFS/dev/pts
  mount -vt tmpfs shm $LFS/dev/shm
  mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
  mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
  5.Chroot到目标系统下
  chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i \
  HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
   PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \
  /bin/bash --login +h
  6.进入编译目录
  cd /sources
  export LFS=/sources


Linux-2.6.22.5
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/linux-2.6.22.5.tar.bz2
cd linux-2.6.22.5
sed -i '/scsi/d' include/Kbuild
make mrproper
make headers_check
make INSTALL_HDR_PATH=dest headers_install
cp -rv dest/include/* /usr/include
cd ..
rm -rf linux-2.6.22.5
Man-pages-2.63
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/man-pages-2.63.tar.bz2
cd man-pages-2.63
make install
cd ..
rm -rf man-pages-2.63
man-pages的版本可以使用更新的版本。


Glibc-2.5.1
在进行之前请检查一下是否glibc-2.5.1和glibc-build这两个目录已经被删除,如果没有删除请删除后在继续。
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/glibc-2.5.1.tar.bz2
cd glibc-2.5.1
tar -xvf $LFS/glibc-libidn-2.5.1.tar.gz
mv glibc-libidn-2.5.1 libidn
sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED
sed -i \
's|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o|' \
   scripts/test-installation.pl
sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in
mkdir -v ../glibc-build
cd ../glibc-build
../glibc-2.5.1/configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
--enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc
make
make -k check 2>&1 | tee glibc-check-log
grep Error glibc-check-log
touch /etc/ld.so.conf
make install
make localedata/install-locales
  make localedata/install-locales将安装全部的locale,如果你不想装这么多locale的话就用localedef命令来安装,LFS手册上有例子,如果仅想加入中文的locale,就用
    mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
    localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN
    localedef -i zh_CN -f GBK zh_CN
    localedef -i zh_CN -f UTF-8 zh_CN
    localedef -i zh_CN -f GB2312 zh_CN
    localedef -i zh_HK -f UTF-8 zh_CN
    localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_CN
    localedef -i zh_TW -f EUC-TW zh_CN
    localedef -i zh_TW -f UTF-8 zh_CN
    localedef -i zh_TW -f BIG5 zh_CN
建立几个重要文件:
__________________________________________________
cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf  /etc/ld.so.conf
删除编译目录
__________________________________________________
cd ..
rm -rf glibc-build
rm -rf glibc-2.5.1
相关知识:
  glibc的测试比较容易出现错误,比如机器慢就有可能出现超时的错误,还有一些能引起错误的LFS手册上有所提及,像超时这种错误有时候很难避免,就跳过去吧。


调整工具链
__________________________________________________
mv -v /tools/bin/{ld,ld-old}
mv -v /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/{ld,ld-old}
mv -v /tools/bin/{ld-new,ld}
ln -sv /tools/bin/ld /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/ld
调整specs文件:
__________________________________________________
gcc -dumpspecs | sed \
-e 's@/tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2@/lib/ld-linux.so.2@g' \
-e '/\*startfile_prefix_spec:/{n;s@.*@/usr/lib/ @}' \
-e '/\*cpp:/{n;s@$@ -isystem /usr/include@}' > \
`dirname $(gcc --print-libgcc-file-name)`/specs
测试工具链是否被调整成功
echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
cc dummy.c -v -Wl,--verbose &> dummy.log
readelf -l a.out | grep '/lib'
如果显示[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux.so.2]表示调整成功,动态库已经连接到了目标系统的/lib下。
grep -o '/usr/lib.*/crt[1in].*succeeded' dummy.log
应该显示
  /usr/lib/crt1.o succeeded
  /usr/lib/crti.o succeeded
  /usr/lib/crtn.o succeeded
grep -B1 '^ /usr/include' dummy.log
应该显示
  #include  search starts here:
   /usr/include
grep 'SEARCH.*/usr/lib' dummy.log |sed 's|; |\n|g'
应该显示
  SEARCH_DIR("/tools/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib")
  SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib")
  SEARCH_DIR("/lib");
grep "/lib/libc.so.6 " dummy.log
应该显示
  attempt to open /lib/libc.so.6 succeeded
grep found dummy.log
应该显示
  found ld-linux.so.2 at /lib/ld-linux.so.2
如果上面均显示正常,那么表明工具链调整成功,可以删除测试文件了
rm -v dummy.c a.out dummy.log


Binutils-2.17
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/binutils-2.17.tar.bz2
mkdir binutils-build
cd binutils-build
../binutils-2.17/configure --prefix=/usr --enable-shared
make tooldir=/usr
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里测试统计可能会出现个别失败。
__________________________________________________
make tooldir=/usr install
cp -v ../binutils-2.17/include/libiberty.h /usr/include
cd ..
rm -rf binutils-build
rm -rf binutils-2.17

GCC-4.1.2
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/gcc-4.1.2.tar.bz2
cd gcc-4.1.2
sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in
sed -i 's/^XCFLAGS =$/& -fomit-frame-pointer/' gcc/Makefile.in
sed -i 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in
sed -i gcc/gccbug.in
mkdir -v ../gcc-build
cd ../gcc-build
../gcc-4.1.2/configure --prefix=/usr \
--libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared \
--enable-threads=posix --enable-__cxa_atexit \
--enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make -k check
这里check时间比较长,可能会有一些错误发生
__________________________________________________
make install
ln -sv ../usr/bin/cpp /lib
ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc
cd ..
rm -rf gcc-build
rm -rf gcc-4.1.2
重新测试工具链是否正确,确定GCC是否安装正确
echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
cc dummy.c -v -Wl,--verbose &> dummy.log
readelf -l a.out | grep 'lib'
如果显示[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux.so.2]表示链接位置正确,动态库已经连接到了目标系统的/lib下。
grep -o '/usr/lib.*/crt[1in].*succeeded' dummy.log
应该显示
  /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.1.2/http://www.cnblogs.com/../crt1.o succeeded
  /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.1.2/http://www.cnblogs.com/../crti.o succeeded
  /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.1.2/http://www.cnblogs.com/../crtn.o succeeded
grep -B3 '^ /usr/include' dummy.log
应该显示
  #include  search starts here:
   /usr/local/include
   /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.1.2/include
   /usr/include
grep 'SEARCH.*/usr/lib' dummy.log |sed 's|; |\n|g'
应该显示
  SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib")
  SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib")
  SEARCH_DIR("/lib")
  SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");
grep "/lib/libc.so.6 " dummy.log
应该显示
  attempt to open /lib/libc.so.6 succeeded
grep found dummy.log
应该显示
  found ld-linux.so.2 at /lib/ld-linux.so.2
如果上面均显示正常,那么表明工具链正常,可以删除测试文件了
rm -v dummy.c a.out dummy.log


Berkeley DB-4.5.20
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/db-4.5.20.tar.gz
cd db-4.5.20
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/db-4.5.20-fixes-1.patch
cd build_unix
../dist/configure --prefix=/usr --enable-compat185 --enable-cxx
make
make docdir=/usr/share/doc/db-4.5.20 install
chown -Rv root:root /usr/share/doc/db-4.5.20
cd /sources
rm -rf db-4.5.20

Sed-4.1.5
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/sed-4.1.5.tar.gz
cd sed-4.1.5
./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin --enable-html
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf sed-4.1.5

E2fsprogs-1.40.2
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/e2fsprogs-1.40.2.tar.gz
cd e2fsprogs-1.40.2
sed -i -e

's@/bin/rm@/tools&@' lib/blkid/test_probe.in
mkdir -v build
cd build
../configure --prefix=/usr --with-root-prefix="" \
--enable-elf-shlibs
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
make install-libs
cd ../..
rm -rf e2fsprogs-1.40.2

Coreutils-6.9
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/coreutils-6.9.tar.bz2
cd coreutils-6.9
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/coreutils-6.9-uname-1.patch
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/coreutils-6.9-suppress_uptime_kill_su-1.patch
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/coreutils-6.9-i18n-1.patch
chmod +x tests/sort/sort-mb-tests
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=nobody check-root
echo "dummy:x:1000:nobody" >> /etc/group
su-tools nobody -s /bin/bash -c "make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"
这个测试应该能正常结束。
删除测试用数据:
__________________________________________________
sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/group
__________________________________________________
make install
mv -v /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} /bin
mv -v /usr/bin/{false,hostname,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,readlink,rm} /bin
mv -v /usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} /bin
mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin
mv -v /usr/bin/{head,sleep,nice} /bin
cd ..
rm -rf coreutils-6.9

Iana-Etc-2.20
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/iana-etc-2.20.tar.bz2
cd iana-etc-2.20
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf iana-etc-2.20

M4-1.4.10
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/m4-1.4.10.tar.bz2
cd m4-1.4.10
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf m4-1.4.10

Bison-2.3
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/bison-2.3.tar.bz2
cd bison-2.3
./configure --prefix=/usr
echo '#define YYENABLE_NLS 1' >> config.h
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf bison-2.3

Ncurses-5.6
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/ncurses-5.6.tar.gz
cd ncurses-5.6
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/ncurses-5.6-coverity_fixes-1.patch
./configure --prefix=/usr --with-shared --without-debug --enable-widec
make
make install
chmod -v 644 /usr/lib/libncurses++w.a
mv -v /usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5* /lib
ln -sfv http://www.cnblogs.com/lib/libncursesw.so.5 /usr/lib/libncursesw.so
for lib in curses ncurses form panel menu ; do \
rm -vf /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so ; \
echo "INPUT(-l${lib}w)" >/usr/lib/lib${lib}.so ; \
ln -sfv lib${lib}w.a /usr/lib/lib${lib}.a ; \
done
ln -sfv libncurses++w.a /usr/lib/libncurses++.a
rm -vf /usr/lib/libcursesw.so
echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" >/usr/lib/libcursesw.so
ln -sfv libncurses.so /usr/lib/libcurses.so
ln -sfv libncursesw.a /usr/lib/libcursesw.a
ln -sfv libncurses.a /usr/lib/libcurses.a
cd ..
rm -rf ncurses-5.6

Procps-3.2.7
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/procps-3.2.7.tar.gz
cd procps-3.2.7
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf procps-3.2.7

Libtool-1.5.24
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/libtool-1.5.24.tar.gz
cd libtool-1.5.24
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf libtool-1.5.24

Perl-5.8.8
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/perl-5.8.8.tar.bz2
cd perl-5.8.8
echo "127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)" > /etc/hosts
./configure.gnu --prefix=/usr \
    -Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 \
    -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3 \
    -Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make test
这里test不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf perl-5.8.8

Readline-5.2
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/readline-5.2.tar.gz
cd readline-5.2
sed -i '/MV.*old/d' Makefile.in
sed -i '/{OLDSUFF}/c:' support/shlib-install
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/readline-5.2-fixes-3.patch
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/lib
make SHLIB_XLDFLAGS=-lncurses
make install
mv -v /lib/lib{readline,history}.a /usr/lib
rm -v /lib/lib{readline,history}.so
ln -sfv http://www.cnblogs.com/lib/libreadline.so.5 /usr/lib/libreadline.so
ln -sfv http://www.cnblogs.com/lib/libhistory.so.5 /usr/lib/libhistory.so
cd ..
rm -rf readline-5.2

Zlib-1.2.3
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.3
./configure --prefix=/usr --shared --libdir=/lib
make
测试动态链接库:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
rm -v /lib/libz.so
ln -sfv http://www.cnblogs.com/lib/libz.so.1.2.3 /usr/lib/libz.so
make clean
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
测试静态库
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
chmod -v 644 /usr/lib/libz.a
cd ..
rm -rf zlib-1.2.3

Autoconf-2.61
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/autoconf-2.61.tar.bz2
cd autoconf-2.61
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里测试时间比较长,但不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf autoconf-2.61

Automake-1.10
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/automake-1.10.tar.bz2
cd automake-1.10
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里测试时间比较长,可能会有3个测试失败,但能顺利结束。
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf automake-1.10

Bash-3.2
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/bash-3.2.tar.gz
cd bash-3.2
tar -xvf $LFS/bash-doc-3.2.tar.gz &&
sed -i "s|htmldir = @htmldir@|htmldir = /usr/share/doc/bash-3.2|" Makefile.in
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/bash-3.2-fixes-5.patch
./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin --without-bash-malloc --with-installed-readline
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
sed -i 's/LANG/LC_ALL/' tests/intl.tests
sed -i 's@tests@&
这里check不会有错,可能会有不少警告。
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf bash-3.2
应用刚编译好的/bin/bash:
__________________________________________________
exec /bin/bash --login +h

Bzip2-1.0.4
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/bzip2-1.0.4.tar.gz
cd bzip2-1.0.4
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/bzip2-1.0.4-install_docs-1.patch
make -f Makefile-libbz2_so
make clean
make
make PREFIX=/usr install
cp -v bzip2-shared /bin/bzip2
cp -av libbz2.so* /lib
ln -sv http://www.cnblogs.com/lib/libbz2.so.1.0 /usr/lib/libbz2.so
rm -v /usr/bin/{bunzip2,bzcat,bzip2}
ln -sv bzip2 /bin/bunzip2
ln -sv bzip2 /bin/bzcat
cd ..
rm -rf bzip2-1.0.4

Diffutils-2.8.1
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/diffutils-2.8.1.tar.gz
cd diffutils-2.8.1
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/diffutils-2.8.1-i18n-1.patch
touch man/diff.1
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf diffutils-2.8.1

File-4.21
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/file-4.21.tar.gz
cd file-4.21
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf file-4.21

Findutils-4.2.31
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/findutils-4.2.31.tar.gz
cd findutils-4.2.31
./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/lib/findutils \
--localstatedir=/var/lib/locate
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
mv -v /usr/bin/find /bin
sed -i -e 's/find:=${BINDIR}/find:=\/bin/' /usr/bin/updatedb
cd ..
rm -rf findutils-4.2.31

Flex-2.5.33
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/flex-2.5.33.tar.bz2
cd flex-2.5.33
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
ln -sv libfl.a /usr/lib/libl.a
创建一个lex的命令。
__________________________________________________
cat > /usr/bin/lex
__________________________________________________
cd ..
rm -rf flex-2.5.33

GRUB-0.97
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/grub-0.97.tar.gz
cd grub-0.97
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/grub-0.97-disk_geometry-1.patch
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
mkdir -v /boot/grub
cp -v /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/stage{1,2} /boot/grub
cd ..
rm -rf grub-0.97

Gawk-3.1.5
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/gawk-3.1.5.tar.bz2
cd gawk-3.1.5
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/gawk-3.1.5-segfault_fix-1.patch
./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/lib
cat >> config.h
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf gawk-3.1.5

Gettext-0.16.1
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/gettext-0.16.1.tar.gz
cd gettext-0.16.1
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check的时间比较长,但不会有错。
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf gettext-0.16.1

Grep-2.5.1a
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/grep-2.5.1a.tar.bz2
cd grep-2.5.1a
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/grep-2.5.1a-redhat_fixes-2.patch
chmod +x tests/fmbtest.sh
./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
cd ..
rm -rf grep-2.5.1a

Groff-1.18.1.4
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/groff-1.18.1.4.tar.gz
cd groff-1.18.1.4
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/groff-1.18.1.4-debian_fixes-1.patch
sed -i -e 's/2010/002D/' -e 's/2212/002D/' \
-e 's/2018/0060/' -e 's/2019/0027/' font/devutf8/R.proto
PAGE=A4 ./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-multibyte
make
make install
ln -sv eqn /usr/bin/geqn
ln -sv tbl /usr/bin/gtbl
cd ..
rm -rf groff-1.18.1.4

Gzip-1.3.12
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/gzip-1.3.12.tar.gz
cd gzip-1.3.12
./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin
make
测试:
__________________________________________________
make check
这里check不会有错
__________________________________________________
make install
mv -v /bin/{gzexe,uncompress,zcmp,zdiff,zegrep} /usr/bin
mv -v /bin/{zfgrep,zforce,zgrep,zless,zmore,znew} /usr/bin
cd ..
rm -rf gzip-1.3.12

Inetutils-1.5
__________________________________________________
tar xvf $LFS/inetutils-1.5.tar.gz
cd inetutils-1.5
patch -Np1 -i $LFS/inetutils-1.5-no_server_man_pages-2.patch
./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/sbin \
--sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var \
--disable-ifconfig --disable-logger --disable-syslogd \
--disable-whois --disable-servers
make
make install
mv -v /usr/bin/ping /bin
cd ..
rm -rf inetutils-1.5
http://www.linuxsir.org/bbs/thread322894.html


本文来自ChinaUnix博客,如果查看原文请点:http://blog.chinaunix.net/u2/88379/showart_2096695.html

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/shine8008/archive/2012/07/11/2585580.html

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