一、数组键值相关处理函数
1. array_values() //返回输入的所有值，并建立索引
1 $temp=array("os"=>"linux","webserver"=>"Apache", "db"=>"MySql", "laguage"=>"php"); 2 $arr=array_values($temp); 3 echo '<pre>'; 4 print_r($arr); 5 echo '</pre>'; 6 7 //result 8 Array 9 ( 10 [0] => linux 11 [1] => Apache 12 [2] => MySql 13 [3] => php 14 )
2. array_keys() //返回数组中所有的键名
array_keys(inputarray,[mixed value]) //若指定要搜索的值，则返回该值的键名，否则返回全部
1 $temp=array("os"=>"linux","webserver"=>"Apache", "db"=>"MySql", "laguage"=>"php"); 2 $arr=array_keys($temp); 3 echo '<pre>'; 4 print_r($arr); 5 echo '</pre>'; 6 7 $arr=array_keys($temp, "MySql"); 8 echo '<pre>'; 9 print_r($arr); 10 echo '</pre>'; 11 12 //value 13 Array 14 ( 15 [0] => os 16 [1] => webserver 17 [2] => db 18 [3] => laguage 19 ) 20 Array 21 ( 22 [0] => db 23 )
3. bool in_array ( mixed needle, array haystack [, bool strict])
//检查数组中是否存在某个值
1 $temp=array("os"=>"linux","webserver"=>"Apache", "db"=>"MySql", "laguage"=>"php"); 2 if( in_array("Apache", $temp) ){ 3 echo 'find Apache!'.'<br />'; 4 } 5 6 //result 7 find Apache!
4. bool array_key_exists ( mixed key, array search)
//检查给定的键名或者索引是否存在于数组中
$temp=array("os"=>"linux","webserver"=>"Apache", "db"=>"MySql", "language"=>"php"); if( array_key_exists("language", $temp) ){ echo 'language is in array!'.'<br />'; } //result language is in array!
5. array array_flip ( array trans)
//交换数组中的键和值
1 $temp=array("os"=>"linux","webserver"=>"Apache", "db"=>"MySql", "language"=>"php"); 2 3 echo '<br />'; 4 print_r($temp); 5 echo '<br />'; 6 7 $temp=array_flip($temp); 8 echo '<br />'; 9 print_r($temp); 10 echo '<br />'; 11 12 //result 13 Array ( [os] => linux [webserver] => Apache [db] => MySql [language] => php ) 14 15 Array ( [linux] => os [Apache] => webserver [MySql] => db [php] => language )
6. array array_reverse ( array array [, bool preserve_keys])
//返回一个单元顺序相反的数组
1 $temp=array("os"=>"linux","webserver"=>"Apache", "db"=>"MySql", "language"=>"php"); 2 3 $temp=array_reverse($temp); 4 echo '<pre>'; 5 print_r($temp); 6 echo '</pre>'; 7 8 $temp=array_reverse($temp); 9 echo '<pre>'; 10 print_r($temp); 11 echo '</pre>'; 12 13 //result 14 Array 15 ( 16 [language] => php 17 [db] => MySql 18 [webserver] => Apache 19 [os] => linux 20 ) 21 Array 22 ( 23 [os] => linux 24 [webserver] => Apache 25 [db] => MySql 26 [language] => php 27 )
二、统计数组元素的个数
1. array array_count_values ( array input)
//统计数组中所有值出现的次数,返回的依然是数组
1 $temp=array("os"=>"linux","webserver"=>"Apache", "db"=>"MySql", "language"=>"php"); 2 3 $count=array_count_values($temp); 4 5 print_r($count); 6 7 8 //result 9 10 Array ( [linux] => 1 [Apache] => 1 [MySql] => 1 [php] => 1 )
2. array array_unique ( array array)
//移除数组中重复的值
1 $temp=array("abc"=>"MySql", "os"=>"linux","webserver"=>"Apache", "db"=>"MySql", "language"=>"php"); 2 3 $count=array_unique($temp); 4 5 print_r($count); 6 7 //result 8 9 Array ( [abc] => MySql [os] => linux [webserver] => Apache [language] => php )
三、使用回调函数处理数组的函数
1. array array_filter ( array input [, callback function])
//回调函数过滤数组中的元素
array_filter() 依次将 input 数组中的每个值传递到 callback 函数。如果 callback 函数返回 TRUE，则 input 数组的当前值会被包含在返回的结果数组中。数组的键名保留不变。
1 function ji($var){ 2 return ($var % 2 == 1); 3 } 4 function ou($var){ 5 return ($var % 2 == 0); 6 } 7 8 $array1 = array("a"=>1, "b"=>2, "c"=>3, "d"=>4, "e"=>5); 9 $array2 = array(6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12); 10 11 echo "jishu: "; 12 print_r(array_filter($array1, "ji")); 13 echo "oushu: "; 14 print_r(array_filter($array2, "ou")); 15 16 //result 17 jishu: Array ( [a] => 1 [c] => 3 [e] => 5 ) oushu: Array ( [0] => 6 [2] => 8 [4] => 10 [6] => 12 )
2. bool array_walk ( array array, callback function [, mixed userdata])
//对数组中的每个成员应用用户函数,其中回调函数的第一个值为值，第二个为键，第三个为array_walk的第三个参数
1 function guoyuan($value,$key){ 2 echo $key.'--is--'.$value.'<br />'; 3 } 4 function guoyuan1($value,$key,$class){ 5 echo $class.':'.$key."-is-".$value.'<br />'; 6 } 7 8 $fruits=array("a"=>"apple", "b"=>"banana", "p"=>"pear", "o"=>"orange"); 9 10 array_walk($fruits, "guoyuan"); 11 array_walk($fruits, "guoyuan1","fruits"); 12 13 //result 14 a--is--apple 15 b--is--banana 16 p--is--pear 17 o--is--orange 18 fruits:a-is-apple 19 fruits:b-is-banana 20 fruits:p-is-pear 21 fruits:o-is-orange
3. array array_map ( mixed callback, array arr1 [, array ...])
//将回调函数作用到给定数组的单元上，返回的也是一个数组
function cube($value){ return $value*$value*$value; } $num=array(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9); $cube_num=array_map("cube",$num); echo '<pre>'; print_r($cube_num); echo '</pre>'; //result Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 8 [2] => 27 [3] => 64 [4] => 125 [5] => 216 [6] => 343 [7] => 512 [8] => 729 )
可以传入多个数组，回调函数中参数的个数应该跟传入数组的个数一致
function test($first_n, $sec_n){ return $first_n.'--is--'.$sec_n; } $num=array(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9); $num_en=array("one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine"); $result=array_map("test", $num, $num_en); echo '<pre>'; print_r($result); echo '</pre>'; //result Array ( [0] => 1--is--one [1] => 2--is--two [2] => 3--is--three [3] => 4--is--four [4] => 5--is--five [5] => 6--is--six [6] => 7--is--seven [7] => 8--is--eight [8] => 9--is--nine )
可以通过NULL构造一个数组的数组不用回调函数
$num=array(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9); $num_en=array("one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine"); $num_2=array(11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99); $result=array_map(NULL, $num, $num_en, $num_2); echo '<pre>'; print_r($result); echo '</pre>'; //result Array ( [0] => Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => one [2] => 11 ) [1] => Array ( [0] => 2 [1] => two [2] => 22 ) [2] => Array ( [0] => 3 [1] => three [2] => 33 ) [3] => Array ( [0] => 4 [1] => four [2] => 44 ) [4] => Array ( [0] => 5 [1] => five [2] => 55 ) [5] => Array ( [0] => 6 [1] => six [2] => 66 ) [6] => Array ( [0] => 7 [1] => seven [2] => 77 ) [7] => Array ( [0] => 8 [1] => eight [2] => 88 ) [8] => Array ( [0] => 9 [1] => nine [2] => 99 ) )
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