csapi matlab,Cubic spline interpolation

Interpolant to Two Points

The command

values = csapi(x,y,xx)

returns the values at xx of the cubic spline interpolant to the given data (x,y), using the not-a-knot end condition. This interpolant is a piecewise cubic function with break sequence x, whose cubic pieces join together to form a function with two continuous derivatives. The "not-a-knot" end condition means that, at the first and last interior break, even the third derivative is continuous (up to round-off error).

Specifying only two data points results in a straight line interpolant.

x = [0 1];

y = [2 0];

xx = linspace(0,6,121);

plot(xx,csapi(x,y,xx),'k-',x,y,'ro')

title('Interpolant to Two Points')

Interpolant to Three Points

If you specify three data points, the function outputs a parabola.

x = [2 3 5];

y = [1 0 4];

plot(xx,csapi(x,y,xx),'k-',x,y,'ro')

title('Interpolant to Three Points')

Interpolant to Five Points

More generally, if you specify four or five data points, the function outputs a cubic spline.

x = [1 1.5 2 4.1 5];

y = [1 -1 1 -1 1];

plot(xx,csapi(x,y,xx),'k-',x,y,'ro')

title('Cubic Spline Interpolant to Five Points')