多态与鸭子类型

#接口思想：建立关联的桥梁
#开放封闭原则
#依赖导致原则
#接口隔离原则
#继承多态
#抽象类和接口类
#1.python中没有接口语法
import abc
'''
def jiao():pass
def chi():pass
def pao():pass
#知道操作功能，但不能明确操作的具体对象
print(len('123'))
#知道操作对象，不能明确具体操作方法
print('123'.__len__())

#接口类：用来定义功能的类，为继承它的子类提供功能的
#该接口的功能方法一不需要有实现体，实现体有继承他的子类自己去实现
class PetInterface:
    def close_master(self):pass
class WatchInterface:
    def watch_door(self):pass
class Dog(PetInterface,WatchInterface):
    def jiao(self):pass
    def chi(self):pass
    def pao(self):pass
class Cat(PetInterface,WatchInterface):pass


class Applepay:
    def payment(self, money):
        print('苹果 支付了%d元' % money)
class Alipay:
    def payment(self, money):
        print('支付宝 支付了%d元' % money)
def payment(pay_obj, money):
    pay_obj.payment(money)
apple = Applepay()
ali = Alipay()
payment(apple, 100)
payment(ali, 100)

import abc
class All_file(metaclass = abc.ABCMeta):
    all_type = 'file'
    @abc.abstractmethod
    def read(self):
        pass
    @abc.abstractmethod
    def write(self):
        pass
class Txt(All_file):
    def read(self):
        print('文本数据的读取方式')
    def write(self):
        print('文本数据的写入方式')

class Sata(All_file):
    def read(self):
        print('硬盘读取方式')
    def write(self):
        print('硬盘写入方式')
wenben=Txt()
wenben.read()
yingpan = Sata()
yingpan.write()
print(wenben.all_type)
print(yingpan.all_type)

#抽象父类：拥有抽象方法（子类共有的方法，但是父类不能有具体的实现体）的父类
#抽象方法：方法名是具体的，但是实现体是抽象的（在子类中重写来具体化）
#python中借助abc来实现抽象父类
import abc
class Quan(metaclass = abc.ABCMeta):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
    def run (self):
        print(self.name+'running')
    @abc.abstractmethod
    def chi(self):
        pass

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def jiao(self):
        pass
    @classmethod
    @abc.abstractmethod
    def fn(cls):pass

class Dog(Quan):
    @classmethod
    def fn(cls):
        print('fn gou running')
    def kanmen(self):
        print(self.name +'看门')
    def chi(self):
        super().chi()
        print(self.name+'狗粮')
    def jiao(self):
        print('旺旺')



class Wolf(Quan):
    @classmethod
    def fn(cls):
        print('fn worf  running ')

    def bulie(self):
        print(self.name+'捕猎')
    def chi(self):
        print(self.name +'肉')
    def jiao(self):
        print('嗷嗷嗷')


dog =Dog('来福')
wolf = Wolf('常威')
dog.run()
dog.fn()
dog.chi()
dog.jiao()
wolf.fn()
dog.kanmen()
wolf.bulie()



#多态性

class People(metaclass = abc.ABCMeta):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
    @abc.abstractmethod
    def speak(self):pass


class Chinese(People):
    def speak(self):
        print('speak chinese')

class England(People):
    def speak(self):
        print('speak english')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    def ask_people(obj):
        print('让%s上台演讲'%obj.name)
        obj.speak()

    ch = Chinese('张三')
    en = England('tom')
    ask_people(ch)
    ask_people(en)


class People(metaclass = abc.ABCMeta):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def speak(self):pass

class Chinese(People):
    def sepak(self):
        print('speak chinese')
class England(People):
    def speak(self):
        print('speak english')
#鸭子类型
#1 规定有什么属性以及什么方法的类的类型叫做鸭子类型
#2 能提供出规定的属性与方法的对象就是鸭子
class Test:
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
    def speak(self):
        print('说计算机语言')
if __name__ == '__main__':
    def ask_people(obj):
        print('让%s上台演讲'%obj.name)
        obj.speak()
    test=Test('测试者')
    ask_people(test)

ls =[1,2,3,4,5]
print(ls,type(ls))
s = 'abc'
print(s,type(s))
class A:
    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def __str__(self):
        return '<name:%s|age:%s>'%(self.name,self.age)
    def __del__(self):
        del self.name

a =A('tom ',18)
print(a,type(a))

class B:
    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
        b.__dict__[key] = value
    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        self.__dict__[key] = value
b = B()
b.name = 'BBBBBB'
print(b.name)
b['age'] =18
print(b.age)
b.age = 18
print(b.age)
'''
#反射：通过字符串与类以及类的对象的属性（方法）建立关联
class A:
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
    def t1(self):
        print(self.name,'t1 working')
    def t2(self):
        print(self.name,'t2 working')
    def t3(self):
        print(self.name,'t3 working')
    def t4(self):
        print(self.name,'t4 working')

a = A('AAA')
m_map = {'t1':a.t1}
while True:
    choice = input(':')
    if choice in m_map:
        m_map[choice]()
        fn = getattr(A,choice,'no way')
        print(fn)
        fn(a)
        break

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/guanlei/p/10750535.html