python singleton_Python Singleton（单例模式）实现

1. 重载__new__方法

class Singleton(object):

def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):

''' A pythonic singleton '''

if '_inst' not in vars(cls):

cls._inst = super().__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

return cls._inst

def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

pass

2. 使用装饰器

class SingletonDecorator(object):

def __init__(self, cls):

self._cls = cls

self._inst = None

def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):

''' Over __call__ method. So the instance of this class

can be called as a function. '''

if not self._inst:

self._inst = self._cls(*args, **kwargs)

return self._inst

class DemoCls(object):

pass

DemoCls = SingletonDecorator(DemoCls)

# After this the DemoCls is bind with a SingletonDecorator instance

a = DemoCls()

b = DemoCls()

3. 利用python管理module的机制

---- 在每个python进程中，module都是唯一的即单例(不论在哪里import， import 几次)

import sys

class MyCls(object):

def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

pass

sys.modules[__name__] = MyCls()

# After this statement, the test module is bind with a MyCls instance

# If you import this module in other module,

# test is a MyCls instance actually.

4. share instance property

共享 __dict__ 即可。