需求:工厂类根据参数生成对应类的实例。
示例:
RoomParts.cs
namespace ReflectionFactory { /// <summary> /// 屋子产品的零件 /// </summary> public enum RoomParts { Roof, Window, Pillar } }
ProductAttribute.cs
using System; namespace ReflectionFactory { /// <summary> /// 这个特性用来附加在产品类型之上, /// 来标注该类型代表哪个产品,方便反射使用 /// </summary> public class ProductAttribute : Attribute { /// <summary> /// 标注零件的成员 /// </summary> private RoomParts _myRoomPart; public ProductAttribute(RoomParts part) { _myRoomPart = part; } public RoomParts RoomPart { get { return _myRoomPart; } } } }
ProductListAttribute.cs
using System; namespace ReflectionFactory { /// <summary> /// 这个特性用来附加在产品接口之上 /// 用来标注一共实现了多少产品零件,方便反射使用 /// </summary> public class ProductListAttribute : Attribute { /// <summary> /// 产品类型集合 /// </summary> private Type[] _myList; public ProductListAttribute(Type[] products) { _myList = products; } public Type[] ProductList { get { return _myList; } } } }
IProduct.cs
using System; namespace ReflectionFactory { /// <summary> /// 产品零件接口, /// 需要添加所有实现该接口的列表 /// </summary> [ProductList(new Type[] { typeof(Roof), typeof(Window), typeof(Pillar) })] public interface IProduct { string GetName(); } }
Roof.cs
namespace ReflectionFactory { /// <summary> /// 屋顶类型 /// </summary> [Product(RoomParts.Roof)] public class Roof : IProduct { public string GetName() { return "屋顶"; } } }
Window.cs
namespace ReflectionFactory { /// <summary> /// 窗户类型 /// </summary> [Product(RoomParts.Window)] public class Window : IProduct { public string GetName() { return "窗户"; } } }
Pillar.cs
namespace ReflectionFactory { /// <summary> /// 柱子类型 /// </summary> [Product(RoomParts.Pillar)] public class Pillar : IProduct { public string GetName() { return "柱子"; } } }
IFactory.cs
namespace ReflectionFactory { public interface IFactory { IProduct Produce(RoomParts part); } }
Factory.cs
using System; using System.Reflection; namespace ReflectionFactory { /// <summary> /// 工厂类型 /// </summary> public class Factory : IFactory { public IProduct Produce(RoomParts part) { // 通过反射,从IProduct接口获得属性 // 从而获得所有的产品零件列表 ProductListAttribute attr = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(typeof(IProduct), typeof(ProductListAttribute)) as ProductListAttribute; // 遍历所有的实现产品零件类型 foreach (Type type in attr.ProductList) { // 利用发射查找其属性 ProductAttribute pa = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(type, typeof(ProductAttribute)) as ProductAttribute; // 确定是否是需要的零件 if (pa.RoomPart == part) { // 利用反射创建产品零件类型 Object product = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().CreateInstance(type.FullName); return product as IProduct; } } return null; } } }
FactoryManager.cs
using System; namespace ReflectionFactory { /// <summary> /// 工厂管理类型 /// </summary> public class FactoryManager { public static IProduct GetProduct(RoomParts part) { // 一共只有一个工厂,不再需要根据产品类型而挑选工厂 Factory factory = new Factory(); IProduct product = factory.Produce(part); Console.WriteLine("生产了一个产品:" + product.GetName()); return product; } } }
Program.cs
using System; namespace ReflectionFactory { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // output : 生产了一个产品:柱子 IProduct pillar = FactoryManager.GetProduct(RoomParts.Pillar); // output : 生产了一个产品:屋顶 IProduct roof = FactoryManager.GetProduct(RoomParts.Roof); // output : 生产了一个产品:窗户 IProduct window = FactoryManager.GetProduct(RoomParts.Window); Console.Read(); } } }