1.模拟删除数据库正在使用的spfile
10g中:
ora10g@linux5 /oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs$ mv
spfileora10g.ora spfileora10g.ora_move
11g中:
ora11g@RHEL53 /oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/1101/db/dbs$ mv
spfileora11g.ora spfileora11g.ora_move
2.修改数据库参数,操作范围spfile,这里会看到10g和11g数据库人性化的提示不能修改,提示找不到系统使用到的spfile
10g中:
sys@ora10g> alter system set
sga_max_size=200m scope=spfile;
alter system set sga_max_size=200m
scope=spfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01565: error in identifying file
'/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfileora10g.ora'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or
directory
Additional information: 3
11g中:
sys@ora11g> alter system set
sga_max_size=200m scope=spfile;
alter system set sga_max_size=200m
scope=spfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01565: error in identifying file
'/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/1101/db/dbs/spfileora11g.ora'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
3.使用11g新特性恢复spfile
10g中使用时提示不存在这个命令,说明10g中不支持这样的操作:
sys@ora10g> create spfile from
memory;
create spfile from memory
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00922: missing or invalid option
11g中:
直接创建spfile会报错
sys@ora11g> create spfile from
memory;
create spfile from memory
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-32002: cannot create SPFILE already being used by the
instance
采用迂回的方式创建
在spfile相同的目录下创建spfile_temp.ora这个名字的文件
sys@ora11g>create
spfile =
'/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/1101/db/dbs/spfile_temp.ora' from
memory;
File created.
将创建的文件修改为系统缺省的spfile文件
ora11g@RHEL53
/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/1101/db/dbs$mv
spfile_temp.ora spfileora11g.ora
尝试修改数据库参数,成功!
sys@ora11g>alter
system set sga_max_size=200m
scope=spfile;
System altered.
4.使用11g的这个新特性创建出来的spfile包含的内容包含大量的隐含参数的内容,以下是11g中默认spfile和通过内存创建出来的spfile的比较
1).默认情况下的spfile内容如下:
ora11g@RHEL53
/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/1101/db/dbs$strings
spfileora11g.ora_move
ora11g.__db_cache_size=20971520
ora11g.__java_pool_size=4194304
ora11g.__large_pool_size=4194304
ora11g.__oracle_base='/oracle/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from
environment
ora11g.__pga_aggregate_target=146800640
ora11g.__sga_target=167772160
ora11g.__shared_io_pool_size=0
ora11g.__shared_pool_size=125829120
ora11g.__streams_pool_size=8388608
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/u01/app/oracle/admin/ora11g/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.1.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/oracle/u02/orad
ata/ora11g/control01.ctl','/oracle/u02/oradata/ora11g/control02.ctl','/oracle/u02/oradata/ora11g/control03.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='ora11g'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4294967296
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/u01/app/oracle'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.memory_target=314572800
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=500
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
2).通过内存创建出来的spfile内容如下:
ora11g@RHEL53
/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/1101/db/dbs$strings
spfileora11g.ora
*.__db_cache_size=20M
*.__java_pool_size=4M
*.__large_pool_size=4M
*.__oracle_base='/oracle/u01/app/oracle'# ORACLE_BASE set from
environment
*.__pga_aggregate_target=140M
*.__sga_target=160M
*.__shared_io_pool_size=0
*.__shared_pool_size=120M
*.__streams_pool_size=8M
*._always_anti_join='CHOOSE'
*._always_semi_join='CHOOSE'
*._b_tree_bitmap_plans=TRUE
*._bloom_filter_enabled=TRUE
*._bloom_pruning_enabled=TRUE
*._complex_view_merging=TRUE
*._convert_set_to_join=FALSE
*._cost_equality_semi_join=TRUE
*._cpu_to_io=0
*._dimension_skip_null=TRUE
*._eliminate_common_subexpr=TRUE
*._enable_type_dep_selectivity=TRUE
*._fast_full_scan_enabled=TRUE
*._first_k_rows_dynamic_proration=TRUE
*._gby_hash_aggregation_enabled=TRUE
*._generalized_pruning_enabled=TRUE
*._globalindex_pnum_filter_enabled=TRUE
*._gs_anti_semi_join_allowed=TRUE
*._improved_outerjoin_card=TRUE
*._improved_row_length_enabled=TRUE
*._index_join_enabled=TRUE
*._ksb_restart_policy_times='0','60','120','240'
# internal update to set default
*._left_nested_loops_random=TRUE
*._local_communication_costing_enabled=TRUE
*._minimal_stats_aggregation=TRUE
*._mmv_query_rewrite_enabled=TRUE
*._new_initial_join_orders=TRUE
*._new_sort_cost_estimate=TRUE
*._nlj_batching_enabled=1
*._optim_adjust_for_part_skews=TRUE
*._optim_enhance_nnull_detection=TRUE
*._optim_new_default_join_sel=TRUE
*._optim_peek_user_binds=TRUE
*._optimizer_adaptive_cursor_sharing=TRUE
*._optimizer_better_inlist_costing='ALL'
*._optimizer_cbqt_no_size_restriction=TRUE
*._optimizer_complex_pred_selectivity=TRUE
*._optimizer_compute_index_stats=TRUE
*._optimizer_connect_by_combine_sw=TRUE
*._optimizer_connect_by_cost_based=TRUE
*._optimizer_correct_sq_selectivity=TRUE
*._optimizer_cost_based_transformation='LINEAR'
*._optimizer_cost_hjsmj_multimatch=TRUE
*._optimizer_cost_model='CHOOSE'
*._optimizer_dim_subq_join_sel=TRUE
*._optimizer_distinct_elimination=TRUE
*._optimizer_enable_density_improvements=TRUE
*._optimizer_enable_extended_stats=TRUE
*._optimizer_enhanced_filter_push=TRUE
*._optimizer_extend_jppd_view_types=TRUE
*._optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing='UDO'
*._optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing_rel='SIMPLE'
*._optimizer_extended_stats_usage_control=240
*._optimizer_filter_pred_pullup=TRUE
*._optimizer_fkr_index_cost_bias=10
*._optimizer_group_by_placement=TRUE
*._optimizer_improve_selectivity=TRUE
*._optimizer_join_elimination_enabled=TRUE
*._optimizer_join_order_control=3
*._optimizer_join_sel_sanity_check=TRUE
*._optimizer_max_permutations=2000
*._optimizer_mode_force=TRUE
*._optimizer_multi_level_push_pred=TRUE
*._optimizer_native_full_outer_join='FORCE'
*._optimizer_new_join_card_computation=TRUE
*._optimizer_null_aware_antijoin=TRUE
*._optimizer_or_expansion='DEPTH'
*._optimizer_order_by_elimination_enabled=TRUE
*._optimizer_outer_to_anti_enabled=TRUE
*._optimizer_push_down_distinct=0
*._optimizer_push_pred_cost_based=TRUE
*._optimizer_rownum_bind_default=10
*._optimizer_rownum_pred_based_fkr=TRUE
*._optimizer_skip_scan_enabled=TRUE
*._optimizer_sortmerge_join_inequality=TRUE
*._optimizer_squ_bottomup=TRUE
*._optimizer_star_tran_in_with_clause=TRUE
*._optimizer_system_stats_usage=TRUE
*._optimizer_transitivity_retain=TRUE
*._optimizer_undo_cost_change='11.1.0.6'
*._or_expand_nvl_predicate=TRUE
*._ordered_nested_loop=TRUE
*._parallel_broadcast_enabled=TRUE
*._partition_view_enabled=TRUE
*._pivot_implementation_method='CHOOSE'
*._pre_rewrite_push_pred=TRUE
*._pred_move_around=TRUE
*._push_join_predicate=TRUE
*._push_join_union_view=TRUE
*._push_join_union_view2=TRUE
*._px_minus_intersect=TRUE
*._px_pwg_enabled=TRUE
*._px_ual_serial_input=TRUE
*._query_rewrite_setopgrw_enable=TRUE
*._remove_aggr_subquery=TRUE
*._right_outer_hash_enable=TRUE
*._selfjoin_mv_duplicates=TRUE
*._sql_model_unfold_forloops='RUN_TIME'
*._sqltune_category_parsed='DEFAULT'# parsed
sqltune_category
*._subquery_pruning_enabled=TRUE
*._subquery_pruning_mv_enabled=FALSE
*._table_scan_cost_plus_one=TRUE
*._union_rewrite_for_gs='YES_GSET_MVS'
*._unnest_subquery=TRUE
*._use_column_stats_for_function=TRUE
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/u01/app/oracle/admin/ora11g/adump'
*.audit_trail='DB'
*.compatible='11.1.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/oracle/u02/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl','/oracle/u02/oradata/ora11g/control02.ctl','/oracle/u02/oradata/ora11g/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/oracle/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='ora11g'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4G
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/u01/app/oracle'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.log_buffer=6174208# log buffer update
*.memory_target=300M
*.open_cursors=300
*.optimizer_dynamic_sampling=2
*.optimizer_mode='ALL_ROWS'
*.plsql_warnings='DISABLE:ALL'# PL/SQL warnings at
init.ora
*.processes=500
*.query_rewrite_enabled='TRUE'
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.result_cache_max_size=768K
*.sga_max_size=314572800
*.skip_unusable_indexes=TRUE
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
5.附录:11g官方文档中关于spfile创建语句的描述
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28286/statements_6016.htm#i2072626