java在苹果_如何在Mac上安装Java

如何在Mac上安装Java

Mac 下的安装位置

/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/

1. Homebrew

1.1 Install Homebrew and update it.

$ brew update

$ brew tap adoptopenjdk/openjdk

1.3 Find all available JDK.

$ brew search jdk

The output may vary.

==> Casks

adoptopenjdk adoptopenjdk12 adoptopenjdk13-openj9 adoptopenjdk8-openj9-jre

adoptopenjdk10 adoptopenjdk12-jre adoptopenjdk13-openj9-jre adoptopenjdk8-openj9-jre-large

adoptopenjdk11 adoptopenjdk12-openj9 adoptopenjdk13-openj9-jre-large adoptopenjdk8-openj9-large

adoptopenjdk11-jre adoptopenjdk12-openj9-jre adoptopenjdk13-openj9-large adoptopenjdk9

adoptopenjdk11-openj9 adoptopenjdk12-openj9-jre-large adoptopenjdk8 oracle-jdk

adoptopenjdk11-openj9-jre adoptopenjdk12-openj9-large adoptopenjdk8 oracle-jdk-javadoc

adoptopenjdk11-openj9-jre-large adoptopenjdk13 adoptopenjdk8-jre sapmachine-jdk

adoptopenjdk11-openj9-large adoptopenjdk13-jre adoptopenjdk8-openj9

1.4 Java 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, choose one to install.

brew cask install adoptopenjdk8

brew cask install adoptopenjdk9

brew cask install adoptopenjdk10

brew cask install adoptopenjdk11

brew cask install adoptopenjdk12

brew cask install adoptopenjdk13

This example will install Java 8 and 11 for testing.

$ brew cask install adoptopenjdk8

$ brew cask install adoptopenjdk11

1.5 Where Java is installed? /usr/libexec/java_home -V

$ /usr/libexec/java_home -V

Matching Java Virtual Machines (2):

11.0.6, x86_64: "AdoptOpenJDK 11" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-11.jdk/Contents/Home

1.8.0_242, x86_64: "AdoptOpenJDK 8" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-8.jdk/Contents/Home

Homebrew will install the JDK at folder /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/, and this folder is Mac’s standard folder for Java installs.

1.6 Test it, by default, Mac takes the highest version.

$ java -version

openjdk version "11.0.6" 2020-01-14

OpenJDK Runtime Environment AdoptOpenJDK (build 11.0.6+10)

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM AdoptOpenJDK (build 11.0.6+10, mixed mode)

2. Version Switching

In this tutorial, we installed the Java 8 and Java 11 via Homebrew (Step 1), and Java 14 manually (Step 2), so this Mac has three versions now. And the Mac is using the JDK 14.

$ /usr/libexec/java_home -V

Matching Java Virtual Machines (3):

14, x86_64: "OpenJDK 14" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-14.jdk/Contents/Home

11.0.6, x86_64: "AdoptOpenJDK 11" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-11.jdk/Contents/Home

1.8.0_242, x86_64: "AdoptOpenJDK 8" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-8.jdk/Contents/Home

/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-14.jdk/Contents/Home

Note

There are tools like jEnv to manage the Java version switching, but I prefer to manage with export JAVA_HOME manually, it’s simple and easy to understand, no black box magic.

3.1 Create or edit the existing ~/.bash_profile with a text editor like vim or nano, export JAVA_HOME to the specified JDK we want to use on Mac.

$ vim ~/.bash_profile

~/.bash_profile

export JAVA_HOME_8=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v1.8)

export JAVA_HOME_11=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v11)

export JAVA_HOME_14=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v14)

# Java 8

export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME_8

# Java 11

# export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME_11

Copy

The above changes will make JAVA_HOME point to JAVA 8.

3.2 Reflect the changes.

$ source ~/.bash_profile

$ java -version

openjdk version "1.8.0_242"

OpenJDK Runtime Environment (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 1.8.0_242-b08)

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 25.242-b08, mixed mode)

Done.

If we want to switch JDK version again, update the ~/.bash_profile and export JAVA_HOME to other JDK version.