如何控制好多个线程相互之间的联系,不产生冲突和重复,这需要用到互斥对象,即:System.Threading 命名空间中的 Mutex 类。
我们可以把Mutex看作一个出租车,乘客看作线程。乘客首先等车,然后上车,最后下车。当一个乘客在 车上时,其他乘客就只有等他下车以后才可以上车。而线程与Mutex对象的关系也正是如此,线程使用Mutex.WaitOne()方法等待Mutex对 象被释放,如果它等待的Mutex对象被释放了,它就自动拥有这个对象,直到它调用Mutex.ReleaseMutex()方法释放这个对象,而在此期 间,其他想要获取这个Mutex对象的线程都只有等待。
下面这个例子使用了Mutex对象来同步四个线程,主线程等待四个线程的结束,而这四个线程的运行又是与两个Mutex对象相关联的。
其中还用到AutoResetEvent类的对象,可以把它理解为一个信号灯。这里用它的有信号状态来表示一个线程的结束。// AutoResetEvent.Set()方法设置它为有信号状态
// AutoResetEvent.Reset()方法设置它为无信号状态
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using
System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
public class MyMutex
{
Mutex m1;
Mutex m2;
AutoResetEvent aut1 = new AutoResetEvent( false );
AutoResetEvent aut2 = new AutoResetEvent( false );
AutoResetEvent aut3 = new AutoResetEvent( false );
AutoResetEvent aut4 = new AutoResetEvent( false );
public MyMutex()
{
m1 = new Mutex( true , " mutex1 " );
m2 = new Mutex( true , " mutex2 " );
}
public void start1()
{
Console.WriteLine( " Thread1 start " );
m1.WaitOne();
Console.WriteLine( " Thread1 end " );
aut1.Set();
m1.ReleaseMutex();
}
public void start2()
{
Console.WriteLine( " Thread2 start " );
m2.WaitOne();
Console.WriteLine( " Thread2 end " );
aut2.Set();
m2.ReleaseMutex();
}
public void start3()
{
Console.WriteLine( " Thread3 start " );
Mutex[] list = new Mutex[ 2 ];
list[ 0 ] = m1;
list[ 1 ] = m2;
WaitHandle.WaitAll(list,Timeout.Infinite, true );
Console.WriteLine( " Thread3 end " );
aut3.Set();
foreach (Mutex m in list)
{
m.ReleaseMutex();
}
}
public void start4()
{
Console.WriteLine( " Thread4 start " );
Mutex[] list = new Mutex[ 2 ];
list[ 0 ] = m1;
list[ 1 ] = m2;
int k = Mutex.WaitAny(list);
Console.WriteLine( " Thread4 end " );
list[k].ReleaseMutex();
}
public void Test()
{
Thread th1 = new Thread( new ThreadStart (start1));
Thread th2 = new Thread( new ThreadStart (start2));
Thread th3 = new Thread( new ThreadStart (start3));
Thread th4 = new Thread( new ThreadStart (start4));
th1.Start();
th2.Start();
th3.Start();
th4.Start();
AutoResetEvent[] autolist = new AutoResetEvent[ 4 ];
autolist[ 0 ] = aut1;
autolist[ 1 ] = aut2;
autolist[ 2 ] = aut3;
autolist[ 3 ] = aut4;
Console.WriteLine( " m2 ReleaseMutex " );
m2.ReleaseMutex();
Console.WriteLine( " m1 ReleaseMutex " );
m1.ReleaseMutex();
WaitHandle.WaitAll(autolist);
Console.WriteLine( " all Set " );
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
public class MyMutex
{
Mutex m1;
Mutex m2;
AutoResetEvent aut1 = new AutoResetEvent( false );
AutoResetEvent aut2 = new AutoResetEvent( false );
AutoResetEvent aut3 = new AutoResetEvent( false );
AutoResetEvent aut4 = new AutoResetEvent( false );
public MyMutex()
{
m1 = new Mutex( true , " mutex1 " );
m2 = new Mutex( true , " mutex2 " );
}
public void start1()
{
Console.WriteLine( " Thread1 start " );
m1.WaitOne();
Console.WriteLine( " Thread1 end " );
aut1.Set();
m1.ReleaseMutex();
}
public void start2()
{
Console.WriteLine( " Thread2 start " );
m2.WaitOne();
Console.WriteLine( " Thread2 end " );
aut2.Set();
m2.ReleaseMutex();
}
public void start3()
{
Console.WriteLine( " Thread3 start " );
Mutex[] list = new Mutex[ 2 ];
list[ 0 ] = m1;
list[ 1 ] = m2;
WaitHandle.WaitAll(list,Timeout.Infinite, true );
Console.WriteLine( " Thread3 end " );
aut3.Set();
foreach (Mutex m in list)
{
m.ReleaseMutex();
}
}
public void start4()
{
Console.WriteLine( " Thread4 start " );
Mutex[] list = new Mutex[ 2 ];
list[ 0 ] = m1;
list[ 1 ] = m2;
int k = Mutex.WaitAny(list);
Console.WriteLine( " Thread4 end " );
list[k].ReleaseMutex();
}
public void Test()
{
Thread th1 = new Thread( new ThreadStart (start1));
Thread th2 = new Thread( new ThreadStart (start2));
Thread th3 = new Thread( new ThreadStart (start3));
Thread th4 = new Thread( new ThreadStart (start4));
th1.Start();
th2.Start();
th3.Start();
th4.Start();
AutoResetEvent[] autolist = new AutoResetEvent[ 4 ];
autolist[ 0 ] = aut1;
autolist[ 1 ] = aut2;
autolist[ 2 ] = aut3;
autolist[ 3 ] = aut4;
Console.WriteLine( " m2 ReleaseMutex " );
m2.ReleaseMutex();
Console.WriteLine( " m1 ReleaseMutex " );
m1.ReleaseMutex();
WaitHandle.WaitAll(autolist);
Console.WriteLine( " all Set " );
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
注意每次要释放互斥体 不然会引发AbandonedMutexException 异常