WCF4.0 –- RESTful WCF Services (实例) (并发同步服务 SyncService) 【转】

最新推荐文章于 2019-01-08 07:26:47 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2019-01-08 07:26:47 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/yf2011/articles/5177897.html

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http://blog.csdn.net/fangxing80/article/details/6272886

最近写自动化测试时遇到一个问题：我们在进行一个并发测试的过程中，需要所有客户端测试代码，在某个时机同步。回想所学到的，线程同步手段很多了，同一台PC上的进程间同步也可以通过Metux实现，多PC的时候怎么办。因为最近在学习REST WCF，自然想到它，用它来做个同步服务，即可以解决多线程，多进程，多PC同步，还可以支持跨语言，真是一举多得。(类似的解决方案还有PNUNIT，它是通过.Net Remoting实现的，因为它还要写配置，还要起Lancher/Agent，有点烦)。
1. SyncService 的主要功能——Barrier(栏栅)：

借用PNUNIT的概念Barrier，也就是异步过程中的同步点，进到Barrier里的所有对象都要等待其他对象进入。这些对象可以是不同的线程，进程(不同PC，不同语言实现的客户端)，过程如下图：3个客户端启动之后，有快有慢，但是在Barrier处进行一次同步，先到的等待后到的。举个实际例子：假如我们要实现两个客户端通信的功能的测试，必须是两个客户端同时上线。那么我们可以在代码中设计一个barrier，让双方都确认上线之后，再进行通信测试。 (1) 准备Barrier

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var init = SyncService.Init("Barrier_Logon", "Client1", "Client2");
// 启动Client1
Process.Start("Client1.exe");
// 启动Client2
Process.Start("Client2.exe");

var init = SyncService.Init("Barrier_Logon", "Client1", "Client2"); // 启动Client1 Process.Start("Client1.exe"); // 启动Client2 Process.Start("Client2.exe"); (2) Client1

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// client1登录
var client1 = Login("Client1");
// 同步，等待Client2登录
var enter = SyncService.Enter("Barrier_Logon", "Client1");
// client1 和 client2 相互通信 ...

// client1登录 var client1 = Login("Client1"); // 同步，等待Client2登录 var enter = SyncService.Enter("Barrier_Logon", "Client1"); // client1 和 client2 相互通信 ... (3) Client2 和 Client1 类似

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// client2登录
var client2 = Login("Client2");
// 同步，等待Client1登录
var enter = SyncService.Enter("Barrier_Logon", "Client2");
// client1 和 client2 相互通信 ...

// client2登录 var client2 = Login("Client2"); // 同步，等待Client1登录 var enter = SyncService.Enter("Barrier_Logon", "Client2"); // client1 和 client2 相互通信 ...
2. SyncService 的消息交换功能——SetMessage/GetMessage： 我们还可以通过SyncService中的消息容器进行消息传递。如下图：在异步的两段代码中，设置同步点，保证 GetMessage 是在 SetMessage 之后发生。这一点是并行测试中是很常见的处理。 Client1的代码：

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// 设置消息给client2
var set = SyncService.SetMessage("Barrier", "key", "hello client2");
// 进入Barrier, 等待client2
var enter = SyncService.Enter("Barrier", "Client1");

// 设置消息给client2 var set = SyncService.SetMessage("Barrier", "key", "hello client2"); // 进入Barrier, 等待client2 var enter = SyncService.Enter("Barrier", "Client1"); Client2的代码：

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// 进入Barrier,等待client1
var enter = SyncService.Enter("Barrier", "Client2");
// 取得消息
var get = SyncService.GetMessage("Barrier", "key");
// 确认获得消息，是"hello client2"
Assert.AreEqual(get, "hello client2");

// 进入Barrier,等待client1 var enter = SyncService.Enter("Barrier", "Client2"); // 取得消息 var get = SyncService.GetMessage("Barrier", "key"); // 确认获得消息，是"hello client2" Assert.AreEqual(get, "hello client2");
3. SyncService的实现 如果上面的并行处理代码理解了的话，SyncService的实现就很好推断出来了。服务端维护一个Dictionary<string, SyncGroup>的容器，每个客户端Enter时，调用对应的ManualResetEvent.Set()解锁。然后WaitAll其他的ManualResetEvent，从而实现同步。

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Activation;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
namespace SyncService
{
[ServiceContract]
[AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]
[ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerCall)]
public class SyncService
{
private static Dictionary<string, SyncGroup> _syncPool = new Dictionary<string, SyncGroup>();
[WebGet(UriTemplate="Init/{barrier}/{targetnames}")]
public string Init(string barrier, string targetnames)
{
var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current;
try
{
lock (_syncPool)
{
_syncPool[barrier] = new SyncGroup();
var syncGroup = _syncPool[barrier];
var targets = targetnames.Split(new[] { ',' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
Array.ForEach(targets, t => syncGroup.ResetEventDict.Add(t, new ManualResetEvent(false)));
}
return "ok";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return ex.Message;
}
}
[WebGet(UriTemplate = "Enter/{barrier}/{targetname}/{timeout=60000}")]
public string Enter(string barrier, string targetname, string timeout)
{
var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current;
try
{
var syncObj = _syncPool[barrier];
var target = syncObj.ResetEventDict[targetname];
target.Set();
var intTimeout = int.Parse(timeout);
var success = WaitHandle.WaitAll(syncObj.ResetEventDict.Values.ToArray(), intTimeout);
if (success)
return "ok";
else
return "timeout";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return ex.Message;
}
}
[WebGet(UriTemplate = "SetMessage/{barrier}/{key}/{message=null}")]
public string SetMessage(string barrier, string key, string message)
{
var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current;
try
{
var syncObj = _syncPool[barrier];
lock (syncObj)
{
var query = syncObj.Messages.FirstOrDefault(m => m.Key == key);
syncObj.Messages.Remove(query);
var messageInfo = new MessageInfo
{
BarrierName = barrier,
Key = key,
Message = message,
UpdateDateTime = DateTime.Now
};
syncObj.Messages.Add(messageInfo);
}
return "ok";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return ex.Message;
}
}
[WebGet(UriTemplate = "GetMessage/{barrier}/{key}")]
public string GetMessage(string barrier, string key)
{
var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current;
try
{
var syncObj = _syncPool[barrier];
var query = syncObj.Messages.FirstOrDefault(m => m.Key == key);
return query.Message;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return ex.Message;
}
}
[WebGet(UriTemplate = "ListMessages/{barrier=all}", ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)]
public List<MessageInfo> ListMessages(string barrier)
{
var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current;
try
{
var messages = new List<MessageInfo>();
if (barrier == "all")
_syncPool.Values.ToList().ForEach(t => messages.AddRange(t.Messages));
else
messages = _syncPool[barrier].Messages;
return messages;
}
catch
{
return null;
}
}
[WebGet(UriTemplate="Check", ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)]
public string Check()
{
return "Welcome to the SyncService! " +
DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString() + " " + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();
}
}
[DataContract]
[KnownType(typeof(MessageInfo))]
public class SyncGroup
{
internal Dictionary<string, ManualResetEvent> ResetEventDict { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public string Name { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public List<MessageInfo> Messages { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public Dictionary<string, string> States { get; set; }
public SyncGroup()
{
Messages = new List<MessageInfo>();
ResetEventDict = new Dictionary<string, ManualResetEvent>();
}
}
[DataContract]
public class MessageInfo
{
[DataMember]
public string BarrierName { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public string Key { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public string Message { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public string Identity { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public DateTime UpdateDateTime { get; set; }
}
}

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Activation; using System.ServiceModel.Web; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Runtime.Serialization; namespace SyncService { [ServiceContract] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerCall)] public class SyncService { private static Dictionary<string, SyncGroup> _syncPool = new Dictionary<string, SyncGroup>(); [WebGet(UriTemplate="Init/{barrier}/{targetnames}")] public string Init(string barrier, string targetnames) { var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current; try { lock (_syncPool) { _syncPool[barrier] = new SyncGroup(); var syncGroup = _syncPool[barrier]; var targets = targetnames.Split(new[] { ',' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); Array.ForEach(targets, t => syncGroup.ResetEventDict.Add(t, new ManualResetEvent(false))); } return "ok"; } catch (Exception ex) { return ex.Message; } } [WebGet(UriTemplate = "Enter/{barrier}/{targetname}/{timeout=60000}")] public string Enter(string barrier, string targetname, string timeout) { var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current; try { var syncObj = _syncPool[barrier]; var target = syncObj.ResetEventDict[targetname]; target.Set(); var intTimeout = int.Parse(timeout); var success = WaitHandle.WaitAll(syncObj.ResetEventDict.Values.ToArray(), intTimeout); if (success) return "ok"; else return "timeout"; } catch (Exception ex) { return ex.Message; } } [WebGet(UriTemplate = "SetMessage/{barrier}/{key}/{message=null}")] public string SetMessage(string barrier, string key, string message) { var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current; try { var syncObj = _syncPool[barrier]; lock (syncObj) { var query = syncObj.Messages.FirstOrDefault(m => m.Key == key); syncObj.Messages.Remove(query); var messageInfo = new MessageInfo { BarrierName = barrier, Key = key, Message = message, UpdateDateTime = DateTime.Now }; syncObj.Messages.Add(messageInfo); } return "ok"; } catch (Exception ex) { return ex.Message; } } [WebGet(UriTemplate = "GetMessage/{barrier}/{key}")] public string GetMessage(string barrier, string key) { var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current; try { var syncObj = _syncPool[barrier]; var query = syncObj.Messages.FirstOrDefault(m => m.Key == key); return query.Message; } catch (Exception ex) { return ex.Message; } } [WebGet(UriTemplate = "ListMessages/{barrier=all}", ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)] public List<MessageInfo> ListMessages(string barrier) { var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current; try { var messages = new List<MessageInfo>(); if (barrier == "all") _syncPool.Values.ToList().ForEach(t => messages.AddRange(t.Messages)); else messages = _syncPool[barrier].Messages; return messages; } catch { return null; } } [WebGet(UriTemplate="Check", ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)] public string Check() { return "Welcome to the SyncService! " + DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString() + " " + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString(); } } [DataContract] [KnownType(typeof(MessageInfo))] public class SyncGroup { internal Dictionary<string, ManualResetEvent> ResetEventDict { get; set; } [DataMember] public string Name { get; set; } [DataMember] public List<MessageInfo> Messages { get; set; } [DataMember] public Dictionary<string, string> States { get; set; } public SyncGroup() { Messages = new List<MessageInfo>(); ResetEventDict = new Dictionary<string, ManualResetEvent>(); } } [DataContract] public class MessageInfo { [DataMember] public string BarrierName { get; set; } [DataMember] public string Key { get; set; } [DataMember] public string Message { get; set; } [DataMember] public string Identity { get; set; } [DataMember] public DateTime UpdateDateTime { get; set; } } }
默认使用JSON格式，另外为了查看当前的同步的状况和消息，可以通过 ListStates/ListMessages 查看。 (1) 初始化Barrier则发送： http://server/SyncService/Init/MyBarrier/Client1,Client2 (2) 客户端进入Barrier则发送: http://server/SyncService/Enter/MyBarrier/Client1/10000 (最后是timeout设定) (3) 设置消息则发送: http://server/SyncService/SetMessage/MyBarrier/Key/MessageContent (4) 取得消息则发送: http://server/SyncService/GetMessage/MyBarrier/Key (5) 查看所有的“锁”则发送：http://server/SyncService/ListStates(或者指定某个Barrier: /MyBarrier) (6) 查看所有的消息则发送：http://server/SyncService/ListMessages(或者指定某个Barrier: /MyBarrier) (7) 清空所有SyncGroup则发送：http://server/SyncService/Restart
是的，全部的操作全部是 HttpRequest 的"GET", 因此各种客户端都可以轻松调用，很方便。 (用WCF创建这样一个服务也非常简单全部代码一百多行，正所谓天下武功无快不破:)