啥是AWR?
==============================
(Automatic Workload Repository)
一堆历史性能数据,放在SYSAUX表空间上, AWR和SYSAUX都是10g出现的,是Oracle调优的关键特性;
默认快照间隔1小时,10g保存7天、11g保存8天;
AWR程序核心是dbms_workload_repository包
@?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt 本实例
@?/rdbms/admin/awrrpti RAC中选择实例号
谁维护AWR?
主要是MMON(Manageability Monitor Process)和它的小工进程(m00x)
MMON的功能包括:
1.启动slave进程m00x去做AWR快照
2.当某个度量阀值被超过时发出alert告警
3.为最近改变过的SQL对象捕获指标信息
AWR小技巧
手动执行一个快照:
Exec dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot;
创建一个AWR基线
Exec DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.CREATE_BASELINE(start_snap_id,end_snap_id ,baseline_name);@?/rdbms/admin/awrddrpt AWR比对报告@?/rdbms/admin/awrgrpt RAC 全局AWR
1、报告总结
WORKLOAD REPOSITORY report for
DB Name
DB Id
Instance
Inst num
Startup Time
Release
RAC
CUFS
3961207481
cufs
1
24-Aug-19 21:08
11.2.0.4.0
NO
Host Name
Platform
CPUs
Cores
Sockets
Memory (GB)
database
Linux x86 64-bit
16
16
4
31.48
Snap Id
Snap Time
Sessions
Cursors/Session
Begin Snap:
9512
04-Dec-19 10:00:20
85
9.3
End Snap:
9513
04-Dec-19 11:00:28
80
3.4
Elapsed:
60.14 (mins)
DB Time:
64.77 (mins)
Elapsed为该AWR性能报告的时间跨度(自然时间的跨度,例如前一个快照snapshot是9点生成的,后一个快照snapshot是11点生成的,
则若使用@?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt 脚本中指定这2个快照的话,那么其elapsed = (11-9)=2 个小时)
一个AWR性能报告至少需要2个AWR snapshot性能快照才能生成 ( 这2个快照时间实例不能重启过,否则指定这2个快照生成AWR性能报告会报错),
DB TIME= 所有前台session花费在database调用上的总和时间:
注意是前台进程foreground sessions
包括CPU时间、IO Time、和其他一系列非空闲等待时间
DB TIME 不等于 响应时间,DB TIME高了未必响应慢,DB TIME低了未必响应快
DB Time描绘了数据库总体负载,但要和elapsed time结合其来。
Average Active Session AAS= DB time/Elapsed Time
DB Time =60min,Elapsed Time =60min AAS=60/60=1 负载一般
DB Time= 1min,Elapsed Time= 60min AAS= 1/60 负载很轻
DB Time= 60000min,Elapsed Time=60min AAS=1000 系统hang住
DB TIME= DB CPU + Non-Idle Wait + Wait on CPU queue
如果仅有2个逻辑CPU,而2个session在60分钟都没等待事件,一直跑在CPU上,那么:
DB CPU=2*60mins , DB Time =2*60 +0 +0 =120
AAS = 120/60=2 正好等于OS load 2。
如果有3个session都100%仅消耗CPU,那么总有一个要wait on queue
DB CPU =2* 60mins ,wait on CPU queue=60mins
AAS= (120+ 60)/60=3 主机load 亦为3,
此时vmstat 看waiting for run time
1-1 内存参数大小
Cache Sizes
Begin
End
Buffer Cache:
2,880M
2,880M
Std Block Size:
8K
Shared Pool Size:
4,782M
4,796M
Log Buffer:
4,356K
1-2 Load Profile
Load Profile
Per Second
Per Transaction
Per Exec
Per Call
DB Time(s):
1.1
0.0
0.00
0.00
DB CPU(s):
1.1
0.0
0.00
0.00
Redo size (bytes):
35,814.6
140.3
Logical read (blocks):
22,708.3
88.9
Block changes:
230.3
0.9
Physical read (blocks):
395.7
1.6
Physical write (blocks):
4.6
0.0
Read IO requests:
8.7
0.0
Write IO requests:
2.3
0.0
Read IO (MB):
3.1
0.0
Write IO (MB):
0.0
0.0
User calls:
2,795.2
11.0
Parses (SQL):
635.8
2.5
Hard parses (SQL):
20.9
0.1
SQL Work Area (MB):
2.7
0.0
Logons:
0.1
0.0
Executes (SQL):
641.8
2.5
Rollbacks:
252.3
1.0
Transactions:
255.3
指标含义
redo size单位bytes,redosize可以用来估量update/insert/delete的频率,大的redo size往往对lgwr写日志,和arch归档造成I/O压力,
Per Transaction可以用来分辨是大量小事务,还是少量大事务。如上例每秒redo 约1MB,每个事务800 字节,符合OLTP特征
Logical Read单位(次数*块数),逻辑读耗CPU,主频和CPU核数都很重要,逻辑读高则DB CPU往往高,也往往可以看到latch: cache buffer chains等待。
Block changes单位(次数*块数),描绘数据变化频率
Physical Read单位(次数*块数),物理读消耗IO读,体现在IOPS和吞吐量等不同纬度上;但减少物理读可能意味着消耗更多CPU。
好的存储 每秒物理读能力达到几GB,例如Exadata。这个physical read包含了physical reads cache和physical reads direct
Physical writes单位(次数*块数),主要是DBWR写datafile,也有direct path write。dbwr长期写出慢会导致定期log file switch(checkpoint no complete) 检查点无法完成的前台等待。 这个physical write 包含了physical writes direct +physical writes from cache
User Calls单位次数,用户调用数,more details from internal
Parses解析次数,包括软解析+硬解析,软解析优化得不好,则夸张地说几乎等于每秒SQL执行次数。即执行解析比1:1,而我们希望的是解析一次到处运行
Hard Parses万恶之源:Cursor pin s on X, library cache: mutex X , latch: row cache objects shared pool……………..。硬解析最好少于每秒20次
W/A MB processed 单位MB W/A workarea workarea中处理的数据数量,结合 In-memory Sort%
Logons登陆次数, 结合AUDIT审计数据一起看。
Executes执行次数,反应执行频率
Rollback回滚次数,反应回滚频率,但是这个指标不太精确,
Transactions每秒事务数,是数据库层的TPS,可以看做压力测试或比对性能时的一个指标,孤立看无意义
% Blocks changed per Read 每次逻辑读导致数据块变化的比率;如果’redo size’, ‘block changes’ ‘pct of blocks changed per read’三个指标都很高,则说明系统正执行大量insert/update/delete;pct of blocks changed per read = (block changes ) ( logical reads)
Recursive Call % 递归调用的比率;Recursive Call% = (recursive calls)/(user calls)
Rollback per transaction % 事务回滚比率。Rollback per transaction %= (rollback)/(transactions)
Rows per Sort平均每次排序涉及到的行数;Rows per Sort=(sorts(rows) ) ( sorts(disk) + sorts(memory))
注意这些Load Profile负载指标在本环节提供了2个维度per second和per transaction。
per Second: 主要是把快照内的时间值除以快照时间的秒数,例如在A快照中V$SYSSTAT视图反应 table scans (long tables) 这个指标是 100 ,
在B快照中V$SYSSTAT视图反应 table scans (long tables) 这个指标是 3700, 而A快照和B快照之间间隔了一个小时3600秒,则对于table scans (long tables) per second 就是 ( 3700- 100) 3600=1。
per transaction : 基于事务的维度,与per second相比是把除数从时间的秒数改为了该段时间内的事务数。这个维度的很大用户是用来识别应用特性的变化
若2个AWR性能报告中该维度指标 出现了大幅变化,例如 redo size从本来per transaction 1k变化为 10k per transaction,则说明SQL业务逻辑肯定发生了某些变化。
注意AWR中的这些指标 并不仅仅用来孤立地了解 Oracle数据库负载情况, 实施调优工作。对于 故障诊断 例如HANG、Crash等, 完全可以通过对比问题时段的性能报告和常规时间来对比,通过各项指标的对比往往可以找出 病灶所在。
1-3 Instance Efficiency Percentages (Target 100%
Instance Efficiency Percentages (Target 100%)
Buffer Nowait %:
100.00
Redo NoWait %:
100.00
Buffer Hit %:
100.00
In-memory Sort %:
100.00
Library Hit %:
90.16
Soft Parse %:
96.72
Execute to Parse %:
0.93
Latch Hit %:
99.94
Parse CPU to Parse Elapsd %:
75.79
% Non-Parse CPU:
87.28
上述所有指标的目标均为100%,越大越好
80%以上 %Non-Parse CPU
90%以上 Buffer Hit%, In-memory Sort%, Soft Parse%
95%以上 Library Hit%, Redo Nowait%, Buffer Nowait%
98%以上 Latch Hit%
1、Buffer Nowait % session申请一个buffer(兼容模式)不等待的次数比例。需要访问buffer时立即可以访问的比率,
2、buffer HIT%: 高速缓存命中率,反应物理读和缓存命中间的纠结,但这个指标即便99% 也不能说明物理读等待少了
不合理的db_cache_size,或者是SGA自动管理ASMM Memory自动管理AMM下都可能因为db_cache_size过小引起大量的db file sequential scattered read等待事件;
此外与 buffer HIT%相关的指标值得关注的还有 table scans(long tables) 大表扫描这个统计项目、此外相关的栏目还有Buffer Pool Statistics 、Buffer Pool Advisory等
3、Redo nowait%: session在生成redo entry时不用等待的比例,redo相关的资源争用例如redo space request争用可能造成生成redo时需求等待。此项数据来源于v$sysstat中的(redo log space requests/redo entries)。一般来说10g以后不太用关注log_buffer参数的大小,需要关注是否有十分频繁的 log switch ;过小的redo logfile size 如果配合较大的SGA和频繁的commit提交都可能造成该问题。考虑增到redo logfile 的尺寸 : 1-2G 每个,10-15组都是合适的。同时考虑优化redo logfile和datafile 的I/O。
4、In-memory Sort%:这个指标因为它不计算workarea中所有的操作类型,纯粹在内存中完成的排序比例。
5、Library Hit%: library cache命中率,申请一个library cache object例如一个SQL cursor时,其已经在library cache中的比例。合理值:>95% ,ns
6、Soft Parse: 软解析比例,经典指标,合理值>95%
Soft Parse %是AWR中另一个重要的解析指标,该指标反应了快照时间内软解析次数和总解析次数 (soft+hard 软解析次数+硬解析次数)的比值,若该指标很低,那么说明了可能存在剧烈的hard parse硬解析,大量的硬解析会消耗更多的CPU时间片并产生解析争用(此时可以考虑使用cursor_sharing=FORCE);
理论上我们总是希望 Soft Parse % 接近于100%, 但并不是说100%的软解析就是最理想的解析状态,通过设置 session_cached_cursors参数和反复重用游标我们可以让解析来的更轻量级,即通俗所说的利用会话缓存游标实现的软软解析(soft soft parse)。
7、Execute to Parse%指标反映了执行解析比其公式为 1-(parse/execute) , 目标为100% 及接近于只执行而不解析。在oracle中解析往往是执行的先提工作,但是通过游标共享可以解析一次执行多次,
执行解析可能分成多种场景:
hard coding => 代码硬解析一次,执行一次,理论上其执行解析比为 1:1 ,则理论上Execute to Parse =0 极差,且soft parse比例也为0%
绑定变量但是仍软解析=》软解析一次,执行一次 ,这种情况虽然比前一种好 但是执行解析比(这里的parse,包含了软解析和硬解析)仍是1:1, 理论上Execute to Parse =0 极差,但是soft parse比例可能很高
使用静态SQL、动态绑定、session_cached_cursor、open cursors等技术实现的解析一次,执行多次,执行解析比为N:1,则Execute to Parse= 1- (1/N) 执行次数越多Execute to Parse越接近100%,这种是我们在OLTP环境中希望看到的。
通俗地说 soft parse% 反映了软解析率, 而软解析在oracle中仍是较昂贵的操作, 我们希望的是解析1次执行N次,如果每次执行均需要软解析,那么虽然soft parse%=100% 但是parse time仍可能是消耗DB TIME的大头。
Execute to Parse反映了执行解析比,Execute to Parse和soft parse% 都很低那么说明确实没有绑定变量,而如果 soft parse%接近99%而Execute to Parse 不足90% 则说明没有执行解析比低,需要通过静态SQL、动态绑定、session_cached_cursor、open cursors等技术减少软解析。
8、Latch Hit%: willing-to-wait latch闩申请不要等待的比例。
9、Parse CPU To Parse Elapsd:该指标反映了快照内解析CPU时间和总的解析时间的比值(Parse CPU Time/ Parse Elapsed Time);若该指标水平很低,那么说明在整个解析过程中 实际在CPU上运算的时间是很短的,而主要的解析时间都耗费在各种其他非空闲的等待事件上了(如latch:shared pool,row cache lock之类等)
10、%Non-Parse CPU非解析cpu比例,公式为 (DB CPU – Parse CPU)/DB CPU,
1-5 Top 10 Foreground Events by Total Wait Time
Top 10 Foreground Events by Total Wait Time
Event
Waits
Total Wait Time (sec)
Wait Avg(ms)
% DB time
Wait Class
DB CPU
3823.1
98.4
log file sync
10,933
101.5
9
2.6
Commit
cursor: pin S
3,299
23.4
7
.6
Concurrency
SQL*Net message to client
7,835,076
13.3
0
.3
Network
latch: shared pool
773
9.9
13
.3
Concurrency
direct path read
29,439
4.2
0
.1
User I/O
library cache: mutex X
681
3.1
5
.1
Concurrency
cursor: pin S wait on X
73
2.6
36
.1
Concurrency
latch: row cache objects
544
2.3
4
.1
Concurrency
SQL*Net more data to client
122,900
2
0
.1
Network
丰富的等待事件以足够的细节来描绘系统运行的性能瓶颈(Mysql梦寐以求的)
Waits : 该等待事件发生的次数
Times : 该等待事件消耗的总计时间,单位为秒,对于DB CPU而言是前台进程所消耗CPU时间片的总和
Avg Wait(ms) :该等待事件平均等待的时间,实际就是Times/Waits,单位ms,
Wait Class: 等待类型:
Concurrency,SystemI/O,UserI/O,Administrative,Other,Configuration,Scheduler,Cluster,Application,Idle,Network,Commit
常见的等待事件
=========================>
1、db file scattered read:
Avg wait time应当小于20ms如果数据库执行全表扫描或者是全索引扫描会执行 Multi block I/O ,此时等待物理I/O 结束会出现此等待事件。一般从应用程序(SQL),I/O 方面入手调整; 注意和index fast full scans (full) 以及 table scans结合起来一起看。
2、db file sequential read:
该等待事件Avg wait time平均单次等待时间应当小于20ms
db file sequential read单块读等待是一种最为常见的物理IO等待事件,这里的sequential指的是将数据块读入到相连的内存空间中,而不是指所读取的数据块是连续的。
3、latch free:
其实是未获得latch 而进入latch sleep
4、enq:XX 队列锁等待:
视乎不同的队列锁有不同的情况:
Oracle队列锁: Enqueue HW
enq: TX – row lock/index contention等待事件
enq: TT – contention等待事件
enq: JI – contention等待事件
enq: US – contention等待事件
enq: TM – contention等待事件
enq: RO fast object reuse等待事件
enq: HW – contention等待事件
5、free buffer waits:
是由于无法找到可用的buffer cache 空闲区域,需要等待DBWR 写入完成引起
一般是由于低效的sql、过小的buffer cache、DBWR 工作负荷过量引起,
6、buffer busy wait/ read by other session:
以上2个等待事件可以归为一起处理
7、write complete waits :
此类等待事件是由于DBWR 将脏数据写入数据文件,其他进程如果需要修改 buffer cache会引起此等待事件,一般是 I/O 性能问题或者是DBWR 工作负荷过量引起
8、control file parallel write:
频繁的更新控制文件会造成大量此类等待事件,如日志频繁切换,检查点经常发生,nologging 引起频繁的数据文件更改,I/O 系统性能缓慢。
9、log file sync:
此类等待时间是由于 LGWR 进程讲redo log buffer 写入redo log 中发生。如果此类事件频繁发生,可以判断为:commit 次数是否过多、I/O 系统问题、重做日志是否不必要被创建、redo log buffer是否过大
2-1 Time Model Statistics
Time Model Statistics
Total time in database user-calls (DB Time): 3886.1s
Statistics including the word "background" measure background process time, and so do not contribute to the DB time statistic
Ordered by % or DB time desc, Statistic name
Statistic Name
Time (s)
% of DB Time
DB CPU
3,823.09
98.38
sql execute elapsed time
1,382.61
35.58
parse time elapsed
698.98
17.99
hard parse elapsed time
340.29
8.76
PL/SQL execution elapsed time
8.17
0.21
connection management call elapsed time
1.19
0.03
hard parse (sharing criteria) elapsed time
0.56
0.01
PL/SQL compilation elapsed time
0.54
0.01
failed parse elapsed time
0.38
0.01
sequence load elapsed time
0.17
0.00
repeated bind elapsed time
0.02
0.00
DB time
3,886.11
background elapsed time
248.93
background cpu time
48.61
Time Model Statistics几个特别有用的时间指标:
parse time elapsed、hard parse elapsed time 结合起来看解析是否是主要矛盾,若是则重点是软解析还是硬解析
sequence load elapsed time sequence序列争用是否是问题焦点
PL/SQL compilation elapsed time PL/SQL对象编译的耗时
注意PL/SQL execution elapsed time 纯耗费在PL/SQL解释器上的时间。不包括花在执行和解析其包含SQL上的时间
connection management call elapsed time 建立数据库session连接和断开的耗时
failed parse elapsed time 解析失败,例如由于ORA-4031
hard parse(sharing criteria)elapsed time由于无法共享游标造成的硬解析
hard parse(bind mismatch)elapsed time由于bind type or bind size 不一致造成的硬解析
注意该时间模型中的指标存在包含关系所以Time Model Statistics加起来超过100%再正常不过
1) background elapsed time
2) background cpu time
3) RMAN cpu time (backup/restore)
1) DB time
2) DB CPU
2) connection management call elapsed time
2) sequence load elapsed time
2) sql execute elapsed time
2) parse time elapsed
3) hard parse elapsed time
4) hard parse (sharing criteria) elapsed time
5) hard parse (bind mismatch) elapsed time
3) failed parse elapsed time
4) failed parse (out of shared memory) elapsed time
2) PL/SQL execution elapsed time
2) inbound PL/SQL rpc elapsed time
2) PL/SQL compilation elapsed time
2) Java execution elapsed time
2) repeated bind elapsed time
2-2 Foreground Wait Class
Foreground Wait Class
s - second, ms - millisecond - 1000th of a second
ordered by wait time desc, waits desc
%Timeouts: value of 0 indicates value was < .5%. Value of null is truly 0
Captured Time accounts for 102.7% of Total DB time 3,886.11 (s)
Total FG Wait Time: 166.02 (s) DB CPU time: 3,823.09 (s)
Wait Class
Waits
%Time -outs
Total Wait Time (s)
Avg wait (ms)
%DB time
DB CPU
3,823
98.38
Commit
10,933
0
102
9
2.61
Concurrency
5,479
0
41
8
1.07
Network
7,965,502
0
15
0
0.40
User I/O
31,504
0
6
0
0.14
Application
339
0
2
5
0.04
Other
577
1
1
1
0.02
Configuration
2
100
0
6
0.00
System I/O
12
0
0
0
0.00
常见的WAIT_CLASS类型
---------------------------------------
Concurrency
User I/O
System I/O
Administrative
Other
Configuration
Scheduler
Cluster
Application
Queueing
Idle
Network
Commit
Wait Class: 等待事件的类型。
Waits: 该类型所属等待事件在快照时间内的等待次数
%Time Out 等待超时的比率,未超时次数/waits * 100 (%)
Total Wait Time: 该类型所属等待事件总的耗时,单位为秒
Avg Wait(ms) : 该类型所属等待事件的平均单次等待时间,单位为ms ,实际这个指标对commit 和 user i/o 以及system i/o类型有点意义
Other 类型,遇到该类型等待事件的话常见的原因是Oracle Bug或者网络、I/O存在问题,建议提交MOS
Concurrency 类型并行争用类型的等待事件,典型的如 latch: shared pool、latch: library cache、row cache lock、library cache pin/lock
Cluster 类型 为Real Application Cluster RAC环境中的等待事件, 需要注意的是如果启用了RAC option,那么即使你的集群中只启动了一个实例,那么该实例也可能遇到 Cluster类型的等待事件, 例如gc buffer busy
System I/O 主要是后台进程维护数据库所产生的I/O,例如control file parallel write 、log file parallel write、db file parallel write。
User I/O 主要是前台进程做了一些I/O操作,并不是说后台进程不会有这些等待事件。典型的如db file sequential/scattered read、direct path read
Configuration 由于配置引起的等待事件,例如日志切换的log file switch
Application 应用造成的等待事件,例如enq: TM – contention和enq: TX – row lock contention;Oracle认为这是由于应用设计不当造成的等待事件, 但实际这些Application class 等待可能受到 Concurrency、Cluster、System I/O 、User I/O等多种类型等待的影响,例如本来commit只要1ms ,则某一行数据仅被锁定1ms,但由于commit变慢从而释放行锁变慢,引发大量的enq: TX – row lock contention等待事件。
Network : 网络类型的等待事件 例如 SQL*Net more data to client 、SQL*Net more data to dblink
Idle 空闲等待事件 ,最为常见的是rdbms ipc message
SQL*Net message from client 等待SQL*NET传来信息
2-3 Foreground Wait Events
Foreground Wait Events
s - second, ms - millisecond - 1000th of a second
Only events with Total Wait Time (s) >= .001 are shown
ordered by wait time desc, waits desc (idle events last)
%Timeouts: value of 0 indicates value was < .5%. Value of null is truly 0
Event
Waits
%Time -outs
Total Wait Time (s)
Avg wait (ms)
Waits txn
% DB time
log file sync
10,933
0
102
9
0.01
2.61
cursor: pin S
3,299
0
23
7
0.00
0.60
SQL*Net message to client
7,835,076
0
13
0
8.50
0.34
latch: shared pool
773
0
10
13
0.00
0.26
direct path read
29,439
0
4
0
0.03
0.11
library cache: mutex X
681
0
3
5
0.00
0.08
cursor: pin S wait on X
73
0
3
36
0.00
0.07
latch: row cache objects
544
0
2
4
0.00
0.06
SQL*Net more data to client
122,900
0
2
0
0.13
0.05
enq: KO - fast object checkpoint
23
0
1
48
0.00
0.03
db file sequential read
1,608
0
1
1
0.00
0.03
latch free
545
0
0
1
0.00
0.01
direct path sync
15
0
0
18
0.00
0.01
kksfbc child completion
4
100
0
51
0.00
0.01
enq: TX - row lock contention
8
0
0
25
0.00
0.01
SQL*Net break/reset to client
306
0
0
1
0.00
0.01
SQL*Net more data from client
7,526
0
0
0
0.01
0.00
local write wait
7
0
0
4
0.00
0.00
Disk file operations I/O
177
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
enq: RO - fast object reuse
2
0
0
11
0.00
0.00
latch: cache buffers chains
53
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
reliable message
16
0
0
1
0.00
0.00
undo segment extension
2
100
0
6
0.00
0.00
cursor: mutex S
1
0
0
11
0.00
0.00
buffer busy waits
24
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
read by other session
2
0
0
3
0.00
0.00
direct path write
243
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
db file parallel read
1
0
0
3
0.00
0.00
latch: session allocation
10
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
latch: In memory undo latch
12
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
library cache lock
2
0
0
1
0.00
0.00
library cache load lock
6
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
latch: enqueue hash chains
1
0
0
1
0.00
0.00
SQL*Net message from client
7,835,081
0
261,357
33
8.50
jobq slave wait
7,496
100
3,763
502
0.01
2-4 Background Wait Events
Background Wait Events
ordered by wait time desc, waits desc (idle events last)
Only events with Total Wait Time (s) >= .001 are shown
%Timeouts: value of 0 indicates value was < .5%. Value of null is truly 0
Event
Waits
%Time -outs
Total Wait Time (s)
Avg wait (ms)
Waits txn
% bg time
log file parallel write
11,570
0
104
9
0.01
41.67
db file async I/O submit
2,497
0
75
30
0.00
30.27
control file parallel write
1,576
0
17
11
0.00
6.77
os thread startup
139
0
8
60
0.00
3.35
db file sequential read
175
0
0
2
0.00
0.13
latch: shared pool
17
0
0
16
0.00
0.11
control file sequential read
4,168
0
0
0
0.00
0.06
direct path sync
1
0
0
104
0.00
0.04
log file sync
2
0
0
28
0.00
0.02
ADR block file read
16
0
0
2
0.00
0.01
ADR block file write
5
0
0
3
0.00
0.01
reliable message
23
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
asynch descriptor resize
245
100
0
0
0.00
0.00
Disk file operations I/O
66
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
LGWR wait for redo copy
32
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
direct path write
23
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
rdbms ipc message
30,297
62
61,071
2016
0.03
DIAG idle wait
7,192
100
7,214
1003
0.01
smon timer
15
73
3,755
250334
0.00
shared server idle wait
121
100
3,631
30010
0.00
Streams AQ: qmn coordinator idle wait
266
48
3,613
13583
0.00
Streams AQ: qmn slave idle wait
129
0
3,613
28008
0.00
pmon timer
1,201
100
3,609
3005
0.00
Space Manager: slave idle wait
722
100
3,608
4997
0.00
dispatcher timer
60
100
3,601
60012
0.00
SQL*Net message from client
532
0
0
1
0.00
class slave wait
19
0
0
0
0.00
2-5 Operating System Statistics
Operating System Statistics
*TIME statistic values are diffed. All others display actual values. End Value is displayed if different
ordered by statistic type (CPU Use, Virtual Memory, Hardware Config), Name
Statistic
Value
End Value
BUSY_TIME
389,214
IDLE_TIME
5,201,491
IOWAIT_TIME
11,255
NICE_TIME
0
SYS_TIME
155,118
USER_TIME
227,910
LOAD
0
1
RSRC_MGR_CPU_WAIT_TIME
0
VM_IN_BYTES
0
VM_OUT_BYTES
0
PHYSICAL_MEMORY_BYTES
33,805,135,872
NUM_CPUS
16
NUM_CPU_CORES
16
NUM_CPU_SOCKETS
4
GLOBAL_RECEIVE_SIZE_MAX
4,194,304
GLOBAL_SEND_SIZE_MAX
1,048,576
TCP_RECEIVE_SIZE_DEFAULT
87,380
TCP_RECEIVE_SIZE_MAX
4,194,304
TCP_RECEIVE_SIZE_MIN
4,096
TCP_SEND_SIZE_DEFAULT
16,384
TCP_SEND_SIZE_MAX
4,194,304
TCP_SEND_SIZE_MIN
4,096
Operating System Statistics 操作系统统计信息, TIME相关的指标单位均为百分之一秒
NUM_CPU_SOCKETS:物理CPU的数目
NUM_CPU_CORES:CPU的核数
NUM_CPUS:逻辑CPU的数目
SYS_TIME:在内核态被消耗掉的CPU时间片,单位为百分之一秒
USER_TIME:在用户态被消耗掉的CPU时间片,单位为百分之一秒
BUSY_TIME:Busy_Time=SYS_TIME+USER_TIME 消耗的CPU时间片,单位为百分之一秒
AVG_BUSY_TIME:AVG_BUSY_TIME= BUSY_TIME/NUM_CPUS
IDLE_TIME空闲的CPU时间片,单位为百分之一秒
OS_CPU_WAIT_TIME:进程等OS调度的时间
IOWAIT_TIME:所有CPU花费在等待I/O完成上的时间 单位为百分之一秒
2-6 Service Statistcs
Service Statistics
ordered by DB Time
Service Name
DB Time (s)
DB CPU (s)
Physical Reads (K)
Logical Reads (K)
SYS$USERS
3,886
3,823
1,428
81,868
SYS$BACKGROUND
0
0
0
63
cufsoa
0
0
0
0
cufsoaXDB
0
0
0
0
Service Name 对应的服务名 (v$services),
SYS$BACKGROUND代表后台进程,
SYS$USERS一般是系统用户登录
DB TIME (s): 本服务名所消耗的DB TIME时间,单位为秒
DB CPU(s): 本服务名所消耗的DB CPU 时间,单位为秒
Physical Reads : 本服务名所消耗的物理读
Logical Reads : 本服务所消耗的逻辑读
2-7 Service Wait Class Stats
Service Wait Class Stats
Wait Class info for services in the Service Statistics section.
Total Waits and Time Waited displayed for the following wait classes: User I/O, Concurrency, Administrative, Network
Time Waited (Wt Time) in seconds
Service Name
User I/O Total Wts
User I/O Wt Time
Concurcy Total Wts
Concurcy Wt Time
Admin Total Wts
Admin Wt Time
Network Total Wts
Network Wt Time
SYS$USERS
31504
6
5479
41
0
0
7965512
15
SYS$BACKGROUND
264
0
148
8
0
0
0
0
cufsoa
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
User I/O Total Wts : 对应该服务名下用户I/O类等待的总的次数
User I/O Wt Time :对应该服务名下用户I/O累等待的总时间,单位为 1/100秒
Concurcy Total Wts: 对应该服务名下 Concurrency 类型等待的总次数
Concurcy Wt Time :对应该服务名下 Concurrency 类型等待的总时间, 单位为 1/100秒
Admin Total Wts: 对应该服务名下Admin 类等待的总次数
Admin Wt Time: 对应该服务名下Admin类等待的总时间,单位为1/100秒
Network Total Wts : 对应服务名下Network类等待的总次数
Network Wt Time:对应服务名下Network类等待的总事件,单位为1/100秒
2-8 Host CPU
Host CPU
CPUs
Cores
Sockets
Load Average Begin
Load Average End
%User
%System
%WIO
%Idle
16
16
4
0.48
0.62
4.1
2.8
0.2
93.0
Load Average begin/end值代表每个CPU的大致运行队列大小。
2-8 Instance CPU
Instance CPU
%Total CPU
%Busy CPU
%DB time waiting for CPU (Resource Manager)
6.9
99.5
0.0
%Busy CPU,该实例所使用的Cpu占总的被使用CPU的比例 % of busy CPU for Instance
例如共4个逻辑CPU,其中3个被完全使用,3个中的1个完全被该实例使用,则%Total CPU= ¼ =25%,而%Busy CPU= 1/3= 33%
当CPU高时一般看%Busy CPU可以确定CPU到底是否是本实例消耗的,还是主机上其他程序
3 TOP SQL
3-1 SQL ordered by Elapsed Time ,
SQL ordered by Elapsed Time
Resources reported for PL/SQL code includes the resources used by all SQL statements called by the code.
% Total DB Time is the Elapsed Time of the SQL statement divided into the Total Database Time multiplied by 100
%Total - Elapsed Time as a percentage of Total DB time
%CPU - CPU Time as a percentage of Elapsed Time
%IO - User I/O Time as a percentage of Elapsed Time
Captured SQL account for 13.9% of Total DB Time (s): 3,886
Captured PL/SQL account for 0.1% of Total DB Time (s): 3,886
Elapsed Time (s)
Executions
Elapsed Time per Exec (s)
%Total
%CPU
%IO
SQL Id
SQL Module
SQL Text
192.02
916,682
0.00
4.94
46.61
0.00
7gwxpwru0czqw
27.05
59
0.46
0.70
98.60
0.00
4nwgd6fbmbkm0
注意对于PL/SQL,SQL Statistics不仅会体现该PL/SQL的执行情况,还会包括该PL/SQL包含的SQL语句的情况。
对于Top SQL很有必要一探究竟
Elapsed Time (s): 该SQL累计运行所消耗的时间,
Executions : 该SQL在快照时间内总计运行的次数 ;注意对于在快照时间内还没有执行完的SQL不计为一次,所以如果看到executions=0而又是TOP SQL,则很有可能是因为该SQL运行较旧还没执行完,需要特别关注一下。
Elapsed Time per Exec (s):平均每次执行该SQL耗费的时间,对于OLTP类型的SELECT/INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE而言平均单次执行时间应当非常短,
如0.1秒 或者更短才能满足其业务需求,如果这类轻微的OLTP操作单次也要几秒钟的话,是无法满足对外业务的需求的;如果这些操作也变得很慢,则会出现大量事务阻塞,系统负载升高,DB TIME急剧上升的现象。对于OLTP数据库而言 如果执行计划稳定,那么这些OLTP操作的性能应当是稳定的,但是一旦某个因素 发生变化,例如存储的明显变慢、内存换页的大量出现时则上述的这些transaction操作很可能成数倍到几十倍的变慢,这将让此事务系统短期内不可用。
%Total 该SQL所消耗的时间占总的DB Time的百分比, 即 (SQL Elapsed Time Total DB TIME)
% CPU 该SQL 所消耗的CPU时间占该SQL消耗的时间里的比例,
%IO 该SQL 所消耗的I/O时间占该SQL消耗的时间里的比例,该指标说明了该语句是否是I/O敏感的
SQL Id : 通过计算SQL 文本获得的SQL_ID ,不同的SQL文本必然有不同的SQL_ID, 对于10g~11g而言 只要SQL文本不变那么在数据库之间 该SQL 对应的SQL_ID应当不不变的, 12c中修改了SQL_ID的计算方法
3-2 SQL ordered by CPU Time
SQL ordered by CPU Time
Resources reported for PL/SQL code includes the resources used by all SQL statements called by the code.
%Total - CPU Time as a percentage of Total DB CPU
%CPU - CPU Time as a percentage of Elapsed Time
%IO - User I/O Time as a percentage of Elapsed Time
Captured SQL account for 10.1% of Total CPU Time (s): 3,823
Captured PL/SQL account for 0.0% of Total CPU Time (s): 3,823
CPU Time (s)
Executions
CPU per Exec (s)
%Total
Elapsed Time (s)
%CPU
%IO
SQL Id
SQL Module
SQL Text
89.51
916,682
0.00
2.34
192.02
46.61
0.00
7gwxpwru0czqw
26.67
59
0.45
0.70
27.05
98.60
0.00
4nwgd6fbmbkm0
CPU TIME : 该SQL在快照时间内累计执行所消耗的CPU时间片,单位为s
Executions : 该SQL在快照时间内累计执行的次数
CPU per Exec (s) :该SQL 平均单次执行所消耗的CPU时间,
%Total : 该SQL累计消耗的CPU时间占该时段总的DB CPU的比例,
% CPU 该SQL 所消耗的CPU时间占该SQL消耗的时间里的比例,该指标说明了该语句是否是CPU敏感的
%IO 该SQL 所消耗的I/O时间占该SQL消耗的时间里的比例, 该指标说明了该语句是否是I/O敏感的
3-3 Buffer Gets SQL ordered by Gets
SQL ordered by Reads
%Total - Physical Reads as a percentage of Total Disk Reads
%CPU - CPU Time as a percentage of Elapsed Time
%IO - User I/O Time as a percentage of Elapsed Time
Total Disk Reads: 1,427,765
Captured SQL account for 0.0% of Total
Physical Reads
Executions
Reads per Exec
%Total
Elapsed Time (s)
%CPU
%IO
SQL Id
SQL Module
SQL Text
0
3,218
0.00
0.00
0.78
37.01
0.00
074w4jr8a9fu8
0
33,180
0.00
0.00
7.55
63.61
0.00
09tx5h4ngu7va
注意 buffer gets 逻辑读是消耗CPU TIME的重要源泉, 但并不是说消耗CPU TIME的只有buffer gets。
大多数情况下 SQL order by CPU TIME和SQL order by buffers gets 2个部分的TOP SQL 及其排列顺序都是一样的,此种情况说明消耗最多buffer gets的 就是消耗最多CPU 的SQL ,如果我们希望降低系统的CPU使用率,那么只需要调优SQL 降低buffer gets 即可。
但也并不是100%的情况都是如此,CPU TIME的消耗者还包括函数运算、PL/SQL 控制、Latch Mutex 的Spin等等, 所以SQL order by CPU TIME 和 SQL order by buffers gets 2个部分的TOP SQL 完全不一样也是有可能的,
Buffer Gets : 该SQL在快照时间内累计运行所消耗的buffer gets,包括了consistent read 和 current read
Executions : 该SQL在快照时间内累计执行的次数
Gets per Exec : 该SQL平均单次的buffer gets , 对于事务型transaction操作而言 一般该单次buffer gets小于2000
% Total 该SQL累计运行所消耗的buffer gets占总的db buffer gets的比率,
3-4 Physical Reads SQL ordered by Reads
SQL ordered by Physical Reads (UnOptimized)
UnOptimized Read Reqs = Physical Read Reqts - Optimized Read Reqs
%Opt - Optimized Reads as percentage of SQL Read Requests
%Total - UnOptimized Read Reqs as a percentage of Total UnOptimized Read Reqs
Total Physical Read Requests: 31,234
Captured SQL account for 0.0% of Total
Total UnOptimized Read Requests: 31,234
Captured SQL account for 0.0% of Total
Total Optimized Read Requests: 1
Captured SQL account for 0.0% of Total
UnOptimized Read Reqs
Physical Read Reqs
Executions
UnOptimized Reqs per Exec
%Opt
%Total
SQL Id
SQL Module
SQL Text
12
12
1
12.00
0.00
0.04
gjm43un5cy843
0
0
3,218
0.00
0.00
074w4jr8a9fu8
Physical reads : 该SQL累计运行所消耗的物理读
Executions : 该SQL在快照时间内累计执行的次数
Reads per Exec : 该SQL单次运行所消耗的物理读, 对于OLTP transaction 类型的操作而言单次一般不超过100
%Total : 该SQL 累计消耗的物理读占该时段总的物理读的比例,
3-5 Executions SQL ordered by Executions
SQL ordered by Executions
%CPU - CPU Time as a percentage of Elapsed Time
%IO - User I/O Time as a percentage of Elapsed Time
Total Executions: 2,315,874
Captured SQL account for 52.1% of Total
Executions
Rows Processed
Rows per Exec
Elapsed Time (s)
%CPU
%IO
SQL Id
SQL Module
SQL Text
916,682
916,316
1.00
192.02
46.6
0
7gwxpwru0czqw
51,293
0
0.00
15.91
40.2
0
fdywauggm8byz
按照执行次数来排序的话,也是性能报告对比时一个重要的参考因素,因为如果TOP SQL的执行次数有明显的增长,那么性能问题的出现也是意料之中的事情了。当然执行次数最多的,未必便是对性能影响最大的TOP SQL
Executions : 该SQL在快照时间内累计执行的次数
Rows Processed:该SQL在快照时间内累计执行所处理的总行数
Rows per Exec:SQL平均单次执行所处理的行数,这个指标在诊断一些数据问题造成的SQL性能问题时很有用
3-6 Parse Calls SQL ordered by Parse Calls
SQL ordered by Parse Calls
Total Parse Calls: 2,294,317
Captured SQL account for 52.6% of Total
Parse Calls
Executions
% Total Parses
SQL Id
SQL Module
SQL Text
916,829
916,682
39.96
7gwxpwru0czqw
select companyname from licens...
51,293
51,293
2.24
fdywauggm8byz
select * from WorkFlowPlanSet ...
Parse Calls : 解析调用次数,与上文的 Load Profile中的Parse数一样包括 软解析soft parse和硬解析hard parse
Executions : 该SQL在快照时间内累计执行的次数
%Total Parses : 本SQL 解析调用次数占该时段数据库总解析次数的比率
3-7 SQL ordered by Sharable Memory
Shareable Mem(b): SQL对象所占用的共享内存使用量
Executions : 该SQL在快照时间内累计执行的次数
%Total : 该SQL 对象锁占共享内存 占总的共享内存的比率
3-8 SQL ordered by Version Count
SQL ordered by Version Count
Only Statements with Version Count greater than 20 are displayed
Version Count
Executions
SQL Id
SQL Module
SQL Text
22
1
6wm3n4d7bnddg
SELECT source, (case when tim...
Executions : 该SQL在快照时间内累计执行的次数
Hash Value : 共享SQL 的哈希值
4 Instance Activity Stats
4-1 Other by statistic name
Other Instance Activity Stats
Ordered by statistic name
Statistic
Total
per Second
per Trans
Batched IO (bound) vector count
0
0.00
0.00
Batched IO (full) vector count
0
0.00
0.00
Batched IO (space) vector count
0
0.00
0.00
Batched IO block miss count
3
0.00
0.00
Batched IO buffer defrag count
0
0.00
0.00
Batched IO double miss count
1
0.00
0.00
Batched IO same unit count
0
0.00
0.00
Batched IO single block count
0
0.00
0.00
Batched IO slow jump count
0
0.00
0.00
Batched IO vector block count
3
0.00
0.00
Batched IO vector read count
1
0.00
0.00
Block Cleanout Optim referenced
6
0.00
0.00
CCursor + sql area evicted
321
0.09
0.00
CPU used by this session
189,051
52.39
0.21
CPU used when call started
187,601
51.99
0.20
CR blocks created
261
0.07
0.00
Cached Commit SCN referenced
567,554
157.29
0.62
Commit SCN cached
74
0.02
0.00
DBWR checkpoint buffers written
16,185
4.49
0.02
DBWR checkpoints
26
0.01
0.00
DBWR object drop buffers written
6
0.00
0.00
DBWR revisited being-written buffer
0
0.00
0.00
DBWR tablespace checkpoint buffers written
157
0.04
0.00
DBWR thread checkpoint buffers written
0
0.00
0.00
DBWR transaction table writes
122
0.03
0.00
DBWR undo block writes
6,538
1.81
0.01
HSC Heap Segment Block Changes
143,725
39.83
0.16
HSC IDL Compressed Blocks
0
0.00
0.00
Heap Segment Array Inserts
2,807
0.78
0.00
Heap Segment Array Updates
4,642
1.29
0.01
IMU CR rollbacks
218
0.06
0.00
IMU Flushes
这里每一个指标都代表一种数据库行为的活跃度,
虽然这些指标均只有Total、per Second每秒、 per Trans每事务 三个维度,但对诊断问题十分有用。
例如:
1、 例如当 Top Event 中存在direct path read为Top 等待事件, 则需要分清楚是对普通堆表的direct read还是由于大量LOB读造成的direct path read, 这个问题可以借助 table scans (direct read)、table scans (long tables)、physical reads direct 、physical reads direct (lob) 、
physical reads direct temporary几个指标来分析, 假设 physical reads direct >> 远大于 physical reads direct (lob)+physical reads direct temporary , 且有较大的table scans (direct read)、table scans (long tables) (注意这2个指标代表的是 扫描表的次数 不同于上面的phsical reads 的单位为 块数*次数), 则说明了是 大表扫描引起的direct path read。
2、 例如当 Top Event中存在enq Tx:index contention等待事件, 则需要分析root node splits 、branch node splits 、leaf node 90-10 splits 、leaf node splits 、failed probes on index block rec 几个指标
4-2 Statistics with absolute values
Instance Activity Stats - Absolute Values
Statistics with absolute values (should not be diffed)
Statistic
Begin Value
End Value
logons current
85
80
opened cursors current
793
275
session cursor cache count
17,245,584
17,263,174
session pga memory
373,767,091,272
373,863,965,728
session pga memory max
429,564,886,056
429,369,395,424
session uga memory
283,783,601,784
283,855,681,528
session uga memory max
758,640,598,976
759,257,627,368
Instance Activity Stats – Absolute Values是显示快照 起点 和终点的一些指标的绝对值
logon current :当前时间点的登录数
opened cursors current :当前打开的游标数
session cursor cache count :当前存在的session缓存游标数
5 IO 统计
5-1 Tablespace IO Stats 基于表空间分组的IO信息
Tablespace IO Stats
ordered by IOs (Reads + Writes) desc
Tablespace
Reads
Av Rds/s
Av Rd(ms)
Av Blks/Rd
1-bk Rds/s
Av 1-bk Rd(ms)
Writes
Writes avg/s
Buffer Waits
Av Buf Wt(ms)
USERS
24,117
7
0.02
26.68
4,267
5.18
0
1
4
0.00
1
6,391
2
0.00
122.52
714
0.06
0
0
19
1.05
1
271
0
1.11
1.07
1,673
0.07
1
0
2
0.00
SYSAUX
138
0
1.74
1.00
904
0.04
2
0
0
0.00
UNDOTBS1
0
0
0.00
0.00
652
0.00
0
0
4
2.50
SYSTEM
299
0
0.94
1.00
122
0.08
1
0
1
0.00
TEMP
6
0
0.00
1.00
1
0.00
0
0
0
0.00
reads : 指 该表空间上发生的物理读的次数(单位不是块,而是次数)
Av Reads/s : 指该表空间上平均每秒的物理读次数 (单位不是块,而是次数)
Av Rd(ms): 指该表空间上每次读的平均读取延迟
Av Blks/Rd: 指该表空间上平均每次读取的块数目,因为一次物理读可以读多个数据块;如果Av Blks/Rd>>1则可能系统有较多db file scattered read 可能是诊断FULL TABLE SCAN或FAST FULL INDEX SCAN,需要关注table scans (long tables) 和index fast full scans (full) 2个指标
Writes : 该表空间上发生的物理写的次数 ; 对于那些Writes总是等于0的表空间 不妨了解下是否数据为只读,如果是可以通过read only tablespace来解决 RAC中的一些性能问题。
Av Writes/s : 指该表空间上平均每秒的物理写次数
buffer Waits: 该表空间上发生buffer busy waits和read by other session的次数( 9i中buffer busy waits包含了read by other session)。
Av Buf Wt(ms): 该表空间上发生buffer Waits的平均等待时间,单位为ms
5-2 File I/O
File IO Stats
ordered by Tablespace, File
Tablespace
Filename
Reads
Av Rds/s
Av Rd(ms)
Av Blks/Rd
1-bk Rds/s
Av 1-bk Rd(ms)
Writes
Writes avg/s
Buffer Waits
Av Buf Wt(ms)
1
01.dbf
6,391
2
0.00
122.52
0
0.09
714
0
19
1.05
1
01.dbf
271
0
1.11
1.07
0
1.09
1,673
0
2
0.00
SYSAUX
01.dbf
138
0
1.74
1.00
0
1.74
904
0
0
0.00
SYSTEM
01.dbf
299
0
0.94
1.00
0
0.97
122
0
1
0.00
TEMP
01.dbf
6
0
0.00
1.00
0
0.00
1
0
0
UNDOTBS1
01.dbf
0
0
0
652
0
4
2.50
USERS
01.dbf
24,117
7
0.02
26.68
5
0.02
4,267
1
4
0.00
Tablespace 表空间名
FileName 数据文件的路径
Reads: 该数据文件上累计发生过的物理读次数,不是块数
Av Reads/s: 该数据文件上平均每秒发生过的物理读次数,不是块数
Av Rd(ms): 该数据文件上平均每次物理读取的延迟,单位为ms
Av Blks/Rd: 该数据文件上平均每次读取涉及到的块数,OLTP环境该值接近 1
Writes : 该数据文件上累计发生过的物理写次数,不是块数
Av Writes/s: 该数据文件上平均每秒发生过的物理写次数,不是块数
buffer Waits: 该数据文件上发生buffer busy waits和read by other session的次数
Av Buf Wt(ms): 该数据文件上发生buffer Waits的平均等待时间,单位为ms
若某个表空间上有较高的IO负载,则有必要分析一下是否其所属的数据文件上的IO 较为均匀还是存在倾斜, 是否需要结合存储特征来将数据均衡分布到不同磁盘上的数据文件上,以优化 I/O
6 缓冲池统计 Buffer Pool Statistics
Buffer Pool Statistics
Standard block size Pools D: default, K: keep, R: recycle
Default Pools for other block sizes: 2k, 4k, 8k, 16k, 32k
P
Number of Buffers
Pool Hit%
Buffer Gets
Physical Reads
Physical Writes
Free Buff Wait
Writ Comp Wait
Buffer Busy Waits
D
354,600
100
80,349,220
1,603
16,200
0
0
30
P: pool池的名字
D: 默认的缓冲池 default buffer pool ,
K : Keep Pool ,
R: Recycle Pool ;
2k 4k 8k 16k 32k: 代表各种非标准块大小的缓冲池
Number of buffers: 实际的 缓冲块数目, 约等于池的大小/池的块大小
Pool Hit % : 该缓冲池的命中率
Buffer Gets: 对该缓冲池的中块的访问次数包括consistent gets 和db block gets
Physical Reads: 该缓冲池Buffer Cache引起了多少物理读,其实是physical reads cache ,单位为 块数*次数
Physical Writes :该缓冲池中Buffer cache被写的物理写,其实是physical writes from cache,单位为 块数*次数
Free Buffer Waits: 等待空闲缓冲的次数,可以看做该buffer pool 发生free buffer waits 等待的次数
Write Comp Wait: 等待DBWR写入脏buffer到磁盘的次数,可以看做该buffer pool发生write complete waits等待的次数
Buffer Busy Waits: 该缓冲池发生buffer busy wait 等待的次数
7-1 Checkpoint Activity 检查点
Checkpoint Activity
Total Physical Writes: 16,478
MTTR Writes
Log Size Writes
Log Ckpt Writes
Other Settings Writes
Autotune Ckpt Writes
Thread Ckpt Writes
0
0
0
0
16,028
0
Instance Recovery Stats 实例恢复
Instance Recovery Stats
B: Begin Snapshot, E: End Snapshot
Targt MTTR (s)
Estd MTTR (s)
Recovery Estd IOs
Actual RedoBlks
Target RedoBlks
Log Sz RedoBlks
Log Ckpt Timeout RedoBlks
Log Ckpt Interval RedoBlks
Opt Log Sz(M)
Estd RAC Avail Time
B
0
23
1056
4461
39600
3397383
39600
E
0
23
1505
16588
74323
3397383
74323
MTTR Writes : 为了满足FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET指定的MTTR值而做出的物理写 WRITES_MTTR
Log Size Writes :由于最小的redo log file而做出的物理写 WRITES_LOGFILE_SIZE
Log Ckpt writes:由于 LOG_CHECKPOINT_INTERVAL 和 LOG_CHECKPOINT_TIMEOUT 驱动的增量检查点而做出的物理写 WRITES_LOG_CHECKPOINT_SETTINGS
Other Settings Writes :由于其他设置(例如FAST_START_IO_TARGET)而引起的物理写, WRITES_OTHER_SETTINGS
Autotune Ckpt Writes : 由于自动调优检查点而引起的物理写, WRITES_AUTOTUNE
Thread Ckpt Writes :由于thread checkpoint而引起的物理写,WRITES_FULL_THREAD_CKPT
B 代表 开始点, E 代表结尾
Targt MTTR (s) : 目标MTTR (mean time to recover)意为有效恢复时间,单位为秒。
estimated_mttr (s): 当前基于脏buffer和重做日志块的数量,而评估出的有效恢复时间 。它的估算告诉用户以当下系统的负载若发生实例crash,则需要多久时间来做crash recovery的前滚操作,之后才能打开数据库。
Recovery Estd IOs :实际是当前buffer cache中的脏块数量,一旦实例崩溃 这些脏块要被前滚
Actual RedoBlks :当前实际需要恢复的redo重做块数量
Target RedoBlks :是Log Sz RedoBlks、Log Ckpt Timeout RedoBlks、 Log Ckpt Interval RedoBlks 三者的最小值
Log Sz RedoBlks : 代表必须在log file switch日志切换之前完成的 checkpoint 中涉及到的redo block,也叫max log lag;
Log Ckpt Timeout RedoBlks :为了满足LOG_CHECKPOINT_TIMEOUT 所需要处理的redo block数,lag for checkpoint timeout ;
Log Ckpt Interval RedoBlks :为了满足LOG_CHECKPOINT_INTERVAL 所需要处理的redo block数, lag for checkpoint interval;
Opt Log Sz(M) : 基于FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET 而估算出来的redo logfile 的大小,单位为MB 。
7-2 Buffer Pool Advisory 缓冲池建议
Buffer Pool Advisory
Only rows with estimated physical reads >0 are displayed
ordered by Block Size, Buffers For Estimate
P
Size for Est (M)
Size Factor
Buffers (thousands)
Est Phys Read Factor
Estimated Phys Reads (thousands)
Est Phys Read Time
Est %DBtime for Rds
D
288
0.10
35
96.40
2,217,689
1
466300.00
D
576
0.20
71
31.73
729,999
1
153419.00
D
864
0.30
106
13.10
301,470
1
63293.00
D
1,152
0.40
142
7.56
173,942
1
36472.00
D
1,440
0.49
177
4.62
106,305
1
22247.00
D
1,728
0.59
213
3.27
75,245
1
15715.00
D
2,016
0.69
248
2.58
59,336
1
12369.00
D
2,304
0.79
284
2.03
46,738
1
9720.00
D
2,592
0.89
319
1.46
33,610
1
6958.00
D
2,880
0.99
355
1.02
23,504
1
4833.00
D
2,912
1.00
359
1.00
23,006
1
4728.00
D
3,168
1.09
390
0.74
16,975
1
3460.00
D
3,456
1.19
426
0.62
14,344
1
2907.00
D
3,744
1.29
461
0.56
12,781
1
2578.00
D
4,032
1.38
496
0.50
11,420
1
2292.00
D
4,320
1.48
532
0.46
10,541
1
2107.00
D
4,608
1.58
567
0.43
9,966
1
1986.00
D
4,896
1.68
603
0.42
9,587
1
1906.00
D
5,184
1.78
638
0.41
9,326
1
1851.00
D
5,472
1.88
674
0.40
9,124
1
1809.00
D
5,760
1.98
709
0.38
8,778
1
1736.00
缓冲池的颗粒大小
P 指缓冲池的名字可能包括有
D default buffer pool ,
K Keep Pool ,
R recycle Pool
Size For Est(M): 指以该尺寸的buffer pool作为评估的对象,一般是目前current size的 10% ~ 200%,以便了解 buffer pool增大 ~减小对物理读的影响
Size Factor : 尺寸因子,只对应buffer pool大小对当前设置的比例因子
Buffers (thousands) :指这个buffer pool 尺寸下的buffer数量, 要乘以1000才是实际值
Est Phys Read Factor :评估的物理读因子,
Estimated Phys Reads (thousands):评估的物理读数目,要乘以1000才是实际值, 显然不同尺寸的buffer pool对应不同的评估的物理读数目
Est Phys Read Time :评估的物理读时间
Est %DBtime for Rds:评估的物理读占DB TIME的比率
我们看buffer pool advisory 一般有2个目的:
在物理读较多的情况下,希望通过增加buffer pool 大小来缓解物理读等待,这是我们关注Size Factor > 1的buffer pool尺寸是否能共有效减少Est Phys Read Factor, 如果Est Phys Read Factor随着Size Factor增大而显著减少,那么说明增大buffer cache 是可以有效减少物理读的。在内存紧张的情况下 ,希望从buffer pool中匀出部分内存来移作他用,但是又不希望 buffer cache变小导致物理读增多性能下降,则此时观察Est Phys Read Factor 是否随着Size Factor 减小而显著增大,如果不是 则说明减少部分buffer cache 不会导致 物理读大幅增加,也就可以安心减少buffer cache
7-3 PGA Aggr Summary
PGA Aggr Summary
PGA cache hit % - percentage of W/A (WorkArea) data processed only in-memory
PGA Cache Hit %
W/A MB Processed
Extra W/A MB Read/Written
100.00
9,696
0
PGA Cache Hit % : 指W/A WorkArea工作区的数据仅在内存中处理的比率, PGA缓存命中率
W/A MB processes: 指在Workarea中处理过的数据的量,单位为MB
Extra W/A MB Read/Written : 指额外从磁盘上读写的工作区数据,单位为 MB
7-4 PGA Aggr Target Stats
PGA Aggr Target Stats
No data exists for this section of the report.
PGA Aggr Target(M) :本质上就是pga_aggregate_target
Auto PGA Target(M) : 在自动PGA 管理模式下实际可用的工作区内存 “aggregate PGA auto target “,
W/A PGA Used(M) :所有的工作区workarea(包括manual和 auto)使用的内存总和量, 单位为MB
%PGA W/A Mem: 分配给workarea的内存量占总的PGA的比例,
%Auto W/A Mem : AUTO 自动工作区管理所控制的内存占总的workarea内存的比例
%Man W/A Mem : MANUAL 手动工作区管理所控制的内存占总的workarea内存的比例
Global Mem Bound(K) : 指 在自动PGA管理模式下一个工作区所能分配的最大内存(注意 一个SQL执行过程中可能有多个工作区workarea)。Global Mem Bound(K)这个指标在实例运行过程中将被持续性的修正,以反应数据库当时工作区的负载情况。显然在有众多活跃工作区的系统负载下相应地Global Mem Bound将会下降。但应当保持global bound值不要小于1 MB , 否则建议 调高pga_aggregate_target
7-5 PGA Aggr Target Histogram
PGA Aggr Target Histogram
Optimal Executions are purely in-memory operations
Low Optimal
High Optimal
Total Execs
Optimal Execs
1-Pass Execs
M-Pass Execs
2K
4K
96,633
96,633
0
0
64K
128K
504
504
0
0
128K
256K
88
88
0
0
256K
512K
70
70
0
0
512K
1024K
4,616
4,616
0
0
1M
2M
2,915
2,915
0
0
2M
4M
643
643
0
0
4M
8M
6
6
0
0
8M
16M
9
9
0
0
16M
32M
6
6
0
0
32M
64M
2
2
0
0
Low Optimal:此行所包含工作区workarea最适合内存要求的下限
High Optimal:此行所包含工作区workarea最适合内存要求的上限
Total Execs: 在 Low Optimal~High Optimal 范围工作区内完成的总执行数
Optimal execs: optimal执行是指完全在PGA内存中完成的执行次数
1-pass Execs : 指操作过程中仅发生1次磁盘读取的执行次数
M-pass Execs: 指操作过程中发生了1次以上的磁盘读取,频发磁盘读取的执行次数
7-6 PGA Memory Advisory
PGA Memory Advisory
When using Auto Memory Mgmt, minimally choose a pga_aggregate_target value where Estd PGA Overalloc Count is 0
PGA Target Est (MB)
Size Factr
W/A MB Processed
Estd Extra W/A MB Read/ Written to Disk
Estd PGA Cache Hit %
Estd PGA Overalloc Count
Estd Time
564
0.13
8,289,305.45
287,052.29
97.00
45
4,922,528,131
1,128
0.25
8,289,305.45
84,121.76
99.00
0
4,806,053,130
2,256
0.50
8,289,305.45
83,858.20
99.00
0
4,805,901,855
3,384
0.75
8,289,305.45
83,858.20
99.00
0
4,805,901,855
4,512
1.00
8,289,305.45
60,642.91
99.00
0
4,792,577,099
5,414
1.20
8,289,305.45
60,521.43
99.00
0
4,792,507,373
6,317
1.40
8,289,305.45
60,521.43
99.00
0
4,792,507,373
7,219
1.60
8,289,305.45
60,521.43
99.00
0
4,792,507,373
8,122
1.80
8,289,305.45
60,521.43
99.00
0
4,792,507,373
9,024
2.00
8,289,305.45
60,521.43
99.00
0
4,792,507,373
13,536
3.00
8,289,305.45
60,521.43
99.00
0
4,792,507,373
18,048
4.00
8,289,305.45
60,521.43
99.00
0
4,792,507,373
27,072
6.00
8,289,305.45
60,521.43
99.00
0
4,792,507,373
36,096
8.00
8,289,305.45
60,521.43
99.00
0
4,792,507,373
PGA Target Est (MB) 用以评估的 PGA_AGGREGATE _TARGET值
Size Factr , 当前用以评估的PGA_AGGREGATE _TARGET和当前实际设置的PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET之间的比例因子PGA Target Est PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGE
W/A MB Processed :workarea中要处理的数据量, 单位为MB
Estd Extra W/A MB Read/ Written to Disk : 以 one-pass 、M-Pass方式处理的数据量预估值, 单位为MB
Estd P Cache Hit % : 预估的PGA缓存命中率
Estd PGA Overalloc Count: 预估的PGA过载量,所述PGA_AGGREGATE _TARGET仅是一个目标值,无法真正限制PGA内存的使用,当出现 PGA内存硬性需求时会产生PGA overallocate 过载(When using Auto Memory Mgmt, minimally choose a pga_aggregate_target value where Estd PGA Overalloc Count is 0)
7-7 Shared Pool Advisory
Shared Pool Advisory
SP: Shared Pool Est LC: Estimated Library Cache Factr: Factor
Note there is often a 1:Many correlation between a single logical object in the Library Cache, and the physical number of memory objects associated with it. Therefore comparing the number of Lib Cache objects (e.g. in v$librarycache), with the number of Lib Cache Memory Objects is invalid.
Shared Pool Size(M)
SP Size Factr
Est LC Size (M)
Est LC Mem Obj
Est LC Time Saved (s)
Est LC Time Saved Factr
Est LC Load Time (s)
Est LC Load Time Factr
Est LC Mem Obj Hits (K)
3,040
0.60
416
60,195
3,762,898
0.44
5,169,739
17.62
974,023
3,552
0.70
927
86,857
5,146,665
0.60
3,785,972
12.90
1,140,581
4,064
0.80
1,438
115,517
6,393,850
0.74
2,538,787
8.65
1,276,670
4,576
0.90
1,949
138,557
7,580,669
0.88
1,351,968
4.61
1,402,383
4,768
0.94
2,141
147,522
8,009,651
0.93
922,986
3.15
1,447,003
4,800
0.94
2,173
149,280
8,079,477
0.94
853,160
2.91
1,454,012
4,832
0.95
2,205
150,603
8,149,115
0.94
783,522
2.67
1,460,993
4,864
0.96
2,237
152,440
8,219,195
0.95
713,442
2.43
1,468,076
4,896
0.96
2,269
153,686
8,287,515
0.96
645,122
2.20
1,474,824
4,928
0.97
2,301
155,511
8,355,821
0.97
576,816
1.97
1,481,547
4,960
0.97
2,333
157,308
8,424,114
0.98
508,523
1.73
1,488,291
4,992
0.98
2,365
158,859
8,492,427
0.98
440,210
1.50
1,495,136
5,024
0.99
2,397
160,249
8,559,773
0.99
372,864
1.27
1,502,818
5,056
0.99
2,429
161,635
8,600,300
1.00
332,337
1.13
1,507,575
5,088
1.00
2,461
163,084
8,639,210
1.00
293,427
1.00
1,512,485
5,120
1.01
2,493
165,151
8,641,318
1.00
291,319
0.99
1,513,085
5,152
1.01
2,523
167,106
8,641,402
1.00
291,235
0.99
1,513,123
5,184
1.02
2,555
168,990
8,641,499
1.00
291,138
0.99
1,513,163
5,216
1.03
2,587
170,484
8,641,600
1.00
291,037
0.99
1,513,203
5,248
1.03
2,619
172,220
8,641,702
1.00
290,935
0.99
1,513,237
5,280
1.04
2,651
173,866
8,641,779
1.00
290,858
0.99
1,513,268
5,312
1.04
2,683
175,560
8,641,852
1.00
290,785
0.99
1,513,300
5,344
1.05
2,715
177,195
8,641,932
1.00
290,705
0.99
1,513,332
5,376
1.06
2,747
178,918
8,642,006
1.00
290,631
0.99
1,513,363
5,600
1.10
2,971
192,344
8,642,523
1.00
290,114
0.99
1,513,598
6,112
1.20
3,483
219,847
8,643,633
1.00
289,004
0.98
1,514,118
6,624
1.30
3,995
248,721
8,644,548
1.00
288,089
0.98
1,514,525
7,136
1.40
4,507
274,955
8,645,425
1.00
287,212
0.98
1,514,932
7,648
1.50
5,019
295,115
8,646,263
1.00
286,374
0.98
1,515,331
8,160
1.60
5,530
323,720
8,647,049
1.00
285,588
0.97
1,515,713
8,672
1.70
6,041
364,001
8,647,797
1.00
284,840
0.97
1,516,028
9,184
1.81
6,552
387,864
8,648,513
1.00
284,124
0.97
1,516,322
9,696
1.91
7,063
415,296
8,649,184
1.00
283,453
0.97
1,516,607
10,208
2.01
7,575
443,210
8,649,818
1.00
282,819
0.96
1,516,874
Shared Pool Size(M) : 用以评估的shared pool共享池大小,在AMM ASMM环境下 shared_pool 大小都可能浮动
SP Size Factr :共享池大小的比例因子,(Shared Pool Size for Estim SHARED_POOL_SIZE)
Estd LC Size(M) : 评估的 library cache大小,单位为MB,因为是shared pool中包含 library cache 当然还有其他例如row cache
7-8 SGA Target Advisory
SGA Target Advisory
SGA Target Size (M)
SGA Size Factor
Est DB Time (s)
Est Physical Reads
4,192
0.50
5,510,525
3,005,545,869
5,240
0.63
3,074,402
3,005,545,869
6,288
0.75
1,609,103
408,575,030
7,336
0.88
1,558,431
80,417,920
8,384
1.00
1,549,598
23,006,128
9,432
1.13
1,547,429
23,006,128
10,480
1.25
1,545,569
17,321,314
11,528
1.38
1,543,864
17,321,314
12,576
1.50
1,542,315
17,321,314
13,624
1.63
1,540,920
17,321,314
14,672
1.75
1,539,836
14,284,505
15,720
1.88
1,539,526
12,365,794
16,768
2.00
1,539,526
11,896,469
SGA target Size : 用以评估的sga target大小 (sga_target)
SGA Size Factor: SGA Size的比例因子,
Est DB Time (s): 评估对应于该指定sga target size会产生多少量的DB TIME,单位为秒
Est Physical Reads:评估对应该指定的sga target size 会产生多少的物理读
7-9 Streams Pool Advisory
Streams Pool Advisory
Size for Est (MB)
Size Factor
Est Spill Count
Est Spill Time (s)
Est Unspill Count
Est Unspill Time (s)
32
0.50
0
0
0
0
64
1.00
0
0
0
0
96
1.50
0
0
0
0
128
2.00
0
0
0
0
160
2.50
0
0
0
0
192
3.00
0
0
0
0
224
3.50
0
0
0
0
256
4.00
0
0
0
0
288
4.50
0
0
0
0
320
5.00
0
0
0
0
352
5.50
0
0
0
0
384
6.00
0
0
0
0
416
6.50
0
0
0
0
448
7.00
0
0
0
0
480
7.50
0
0
0
0
512
8.00
0
0
0
0
544
8.50
0
0
0
0
576
9.00
0
0
0
0
608
9.50
0
0
0
0
640
10.00
0
0
0
0
Size for Est (MB) : 用以评估的 streams pool大小
Size Factor :streams pool大小的比例因子
Est Spill Count :评估出的当使用该大小的流池时 message溢出到磁盘的数量 ESTD_SPILL_COUNT
Est Spill Time (s):评估出的当使用该大小的流池时 message溢出到磁盘的耗时,单位为秒 ESTD_SPILL_TIME
Est Unspill Count:评估的当使用该大小的流池时 message unspill 即从磁盘上读取的数量 ESTD_UNSPILL_COUNT
Est Unspill Time (s) :评估的 当使用该大小的流池时 message unspill 即从磁盘上读取的耗时,单位为秒 ESTD_UNSPILL_TIME
8 Wait Statistics
8-1 Buffer Wait Statistics
Buffer Wait Statistics
ordered by wait time desc, waits desc
Class
Waits
Total Wait Time (s)
Avg Time (ms)
data block
26
0
1
undo header
4
0
3
该环节是对 缓冲池中各类型(class) 块 等待的汇总信息,wait的原因一般是 buffer busy waits 和 read by other session
class 数据块的class, 一个oracle数据块即有class 属性 还有type 属性,数据块中记录type属性(KCBH), 而在buffer header里存有class属性(X$BH.class)
Waits: 该类型数据块的等待次数
Total Wait Time (s) : 该类型数据块的合计等待时间 单位为秒
Avg Time (ms) : 该类型数据块 平均每次等待的耗时, 单位 ms
对于INSERT ON INDEX 引起的争用:
使用反向索引key
使用HASH分区和本地索引
可能的情况下 减少index的density
8-2 Enqueue Activity
Enqueue Activity
only enqueues with waits are shown
Enqueue stats gathered prior to 10g should not be compared with 10g data
ordered by Wait Time desc, Waits desc
Enqueue Type (Request Reason)
Requests
Succ Gets
Failed Gets
Waits
Wt Time (s)
Av Wt Time(ms)
KO-Multiple Object Checkpoint (fast object checkpoint)
230
230
0
23
1
48.70
TX-Transaction (row lock contention)
8
8
0
8
0
25.00
RO-Multiple Object Reuse (fast object reuse)
30
30
0
2
0
10.00
Enqueue Type (Request Reason) enqueue 队列的类型,
enqueue type是队列锁所要保护的资源如TM 表锁CF 控制文件锁,
enqueue mode 是持有队列锁的模式 (SS、SX 、S、SSX、X)
Requests : 申请对应的enqueue type资源或者队列转换(enqueue conversion 例如 S 转 SSX ) 的次数
Succ Gets :对应的enqueue被成功 申请或转换的次数
Failed Gets :对应的enqueue的申请 或者转换失败的次数
Waits :由对应的enqueue的申请或者转换而造成等待的次数
Wt Time (s) :由对应的enqueue的申请或者转换而造成等待的等待时间
Av Wt Time(ms) :由对应的enqueue的申请或者转换而造成等待的平均等待时间 , Wt Time (s) Waits ,单位为m
主要的enqueue 等待事件:
enq: TX – row lock/index contention、allocate ITL等待事件
enq: TM – contention等待事件
8-3 Undo Segment Summary
Undo Segment Summary
Min/Max TR (mins) - Min and Max Tuned Retention (minutes)
STO - Snapshot Too Old count, OOS - Out of Space count
Undo segment block stats:
uS - unexpired Stolen, uR - unexpired Released, uU - unexpired reUsed
eS - expired Stolen, eR - expired Released, eU - expired reUsed
Undo TS#
Num Undo Blocks (K)
Number of Transactions
Max Qry Len (s)
Max Tx Concurcy
Min/Max TR (mins)
STO/ OOS
uS/uR/uU/ eS/eR/eU
2
6.49
14,017
905
4
16/26.1
0/0
0/0/0/0/0/0
Undo Extent有三种状态 active 、unexpired 、expired
active => extent中 包括了活动的事务 ,active的undo extent 一般不允许被其他事务重用覆盖
Max Qry Len (s) 该时段内 持续最久的查询 时间, 单位为秒
Max Tx Concy 该时段内 最大的事务并发量
10-1 Latch Activity
Latch Activity
"Get Requests", "Pct Get Miss" and "Avg Slps/Miss" are statistics for willing-to-wait latch get requests
"NoWait Requests", "Pct NoWait Miss" are for no-wait latch get requests
"Pct Misses" for both should be very close to 0.0
Latch Name
Get Requests
Pct Get Miss
Avg Slps Miss
Wait Time (s)
NoWait Requests
Pct NoWait Miss
AQ deq hash table latch
1
0.00
0
0
ASM db client latch
2,458
0.00
0
0
ASM map operation hash table
1
0.00
0
0
ASM network state latch
57
0.00
0
0
AWR Alerted Metric Element list
28,644
0.00
0
0
Change Notification Hash table latch
1,202
0.00
0
0
Consistent RBA
11,572
0.00
0
0
DML lock allocation
40,814
0.00
0
0
Event Group Locks
559
0.00
0
0
FAL Queue
144
0.00
0
0
FOB s.o list latch
617
0.16
0.00
0
0
File State Object Pool Parent Latch
1
0.00
0
0
I/O Staticstics latch
1
0.00
0
0
IPC stats buffer allocation latch
1
0.00
0
0
In memory undo latch
73,620
0.02
0.67
0
16,139
0.00
JS Sh mem access
7
0.00
0
0
JS mem alloc latch
4
0.00
0
0
JS queue access latch
5
0.00
0
0
JS queue state obj latch
26,134
0.00
0
0
latch name Latch:闩的名字
Get Requests latch被以willing-to-wait模式申请并获得的次数
Pct Get Miss miss是指latch被以willing-to-wait 模式申请但是申请者必须等待的次数, Pct Get Miss = Miss/Get Requests ; miss可以从后面的Latch Sleep Breakdown 获得
Avg Slps Miss Sleep 是指latch被以willing-to-wait模式申请最终导致session需要sleep以等待该latch的次数 ;
Avg Slps Miss = Sleeps/ Misses ; Sleeps可以从后面的Latch Sleep Breakdown 获得
Wait Time (s) 指花费在等待latch上的时间,单位为秒
NoWait Requests 指latch被以no-wait模式来申请的次数
Pct NoWait Miss 以no-wait模式来申请latch但直接失败的次数
对于高并发的latch例如cache buffers chains,其Pct Misses应当十分接近于0
一般的调优原则:
如果latch : cache buffers chains是 Top 5 事件,则需要考虑优化SQL减少 全表扫描 并减少Top buffer gets SQL语句的逻辑读
如果latch : redo copy 、redo allocation 等待较多,则可以考虑增大LOG_BUFFER
如果latch:library cache 发生较多,则考虑增大shared_pool_size
10-2 Latch Sleep Breakdown
Latch Sleep Breakdown
ordered by misses desc
Latch Name
Get Requests
Misses
Sleeps
Spin Gets
row cache objects
23,008,103
68,048
551
67,505
cache buffers chains
160,393,751
48,378
60
48,326
session idle bit
23,321,979
7,797
542
7,263
shared pool
4,190,965
5,811
878
5,031
session allocation
3,152,314
350
10
340
redo allocation
67,103
22
2
20
mostly latch-free SCN
11,861
21
4
17
In memory undo latch
73,620
18
12
6
simulator hash latch
4,671,494
18
4
14
shared pool simulator
276,285
14
3
11
enqueue hash chains
297,395
10
1
9
call allocation
2,328
3
1
2
simulator lru latch
7,463
3
2
1
latch name Latch闩的名字
Get Requests latch被以willing-to-wait模式申请并获得的次数
misses 是指latch被以willing-to-wait 模式申请但是申请者必须等待的次数
10-3 Latch Miss Sources
Latch Miss Sources
only latches with sleeps are shown
ordered by name, sleeps desc
Latch Name
Where
NoWait Misses
Sleeps
Waiter Sleeps
In memory undo latch
ktiFlush: child
0
11
11
In memory undo latch
kticmt: child
0
3
1
In memory undo latch
ktichg: child
0
1
0
cache buffers chains
kcbgtcr: fast path (cr pin)
0
45
11
cache buffers chains
kcbrls_2
0
18
50
cache buffers chains
kcbchg1: mod cr pin
0
14
5
cache buffers chains
kcbgtcr: kslbegin excl
0
13
11
cache buffers chains
kcbgcur_2
0
5
1
cache buffers chains
kcbgcur_4
0
1
1
cache buffers chains
kcbgtcr_2
0
1
0
call allocation
ksudlp: top call
0
1
0
enqueue hash chains
ksqrcl
0
1
0
mostly latch-free SCN
kcslcu3
0
4
4
redo allocation
kcrfw_redo_write: before write
0
2
0
row cache objects
kqreqd: reget
0
303
2
row cache objects
kqrpre: find obj
0
127
427
row cache objects
kqrso
0
94
93
row cache objects
kqreqd
0
24
28
session allocation
ksucri_int : SSO
0
5
0
session allocation
ksuxds
0
5
10
session idle bit
ksupuc: set busy
0
396
204
session idle bit
ksupuc: clear busy
0
133
235
session idle bit
ksuxds
0
59
149
shared pool
kghalo
0
566
416
shared pool
kghalp
0
188
164
shared pool
kghupr1
0
90
263
shared pool
kgh_heap_sizes
0
16
12
shared pool
kghasp
0
10
6
shared pool
kghfre
0
7
12
shared pool
kghfrunp: clatch: nowait
0
2
0
shared pool
kghfree_extents: scan
0
1
5
shared pool
kghfrunp: clatch: wait
0
1
0
shared pool simulator
kglsim_upd_newhp
0
3
2
simulator hash latch
kcbsacc: lookup dba
0
4
4
simulator lru latch
kcbs_simulate: simulate set
0
2
0
latch name Latch闩的名字
where : 指哪些代码路径内核函数持有过这些该latch ,而不是哪些代码路径要申请这些latch;例如kcbgtcr函数的作用是Get a block for Consistent read,其持有latch :cache buffers chain是很正常的事情
NoWait Misses: 以no-wait模式来申请latch但直接失败的次数
Sleeps: 指latch被以willing-to-wait模式申请最终导致session需要sleep以等待该latch的次数 time of sleeps resulted in making the latch request
Waiter Sleeps:等待者休眠的次数 times of sleeps that waiters did for each where; Sleep 是阻塞者等待的次数 , Waiter Sleeps是被阻塞者等待的次数
10-4 Mutex Sleep Summary
Mutex Sleep Summary
ordered by number of sleeps desc
Mutex Type
Location
Sleeps
Wait Time (ms)
Cursor Pin
kksfbc [KKSCHLPIN1]
4,526
0
Cursor Pin
kksLockDelete [KKSCHLPIN6]
2,996
0
Cursor Pin
kkslce [KKSCHLPIN2]
2,116
0
Library Cache
kglhdgn2 106
285
0
Library Cache
kglget2 2
172
0
Library Cache
kglget1 1
164
0
Library Cache
kgllkdl1 85
105
0
Library Cache
kglhdgh1 64
65
0
Library Cache
kglhdgn1 62
62
0
Library Cache
kglpndl1 95
57
0
Library Cache
kgldtin1 42
48
0
Library Cache
kglrfcl1 79
46
0
Library Cache
kglpin1 4
37
0
Library Cache
kgllkc1 57
26
0
Library Cache
kglobpn1 71
25
0
Library Cache
kglpnal1 90
15
0
hash table
kkscsSearchChildList [KKSHBKLOC2]
3
0
Library Cache
kglllal3 111
1
0
11 segment statistics
11-1 Segments by Logical Reads
Segments by Logical Reads
Total Logical Reads: 81,939,646
Captured Segments account for 92.6% of Total
Owner
Tablespace Name
Object Name
Subobject Name
Obj. Type
Logical Reads
%Total
O
USERS
TABLE
41,127,232
50.19
O
1
TABLE
2,717,760
3.32
O
1
TABLE
2,600,624
3.17
O
USERS
TABLE
2,581,152
3.15
O
1
TABLE
2,211,792
2.70
owner : 数据段的所有者
Tablespace Name: 数据段所在表空间名
Object Name : 对象名
Subobject Name:子对象名,例如一个分区表的某个分区
obj Type: 对象类型 一般为TABLE INDEX 或者分区或子分区
Logical Reads :该数据段上发生过的逻辑读 , 单位为 块数*次数
%Total : 占总的逻辑读的百分比,当前对象上发生过的逻辑读/Total DB逻辑读
11-2 Segments by Physical Reads
Segments by Physical Reads
Total Physical Reads: 1,427,765
Captured Segments account for 99.2% of Total
Owner
Tablespace Name
Object Name
Subobject Name
Obj. Type
Physical Reads
%Total
O
TABLE
783,324
54.86
O
USERS
TABLE
624,402
43.73
O
USERS
$$
LOB
8,316
0.58
O
TABLE
145
0.01
O
USERS
TABLE
128
0.01
Physical Reads: 该数据段上发生过的物理读,单位为块数*次数
%Total : 占总的物理读的百分比 ,(当前对象上发生过的逻辑读/Total DB 逻辑读)
11-3 Segments by Physical Read Requests
Segments by Physical Read Requests
Total Physical Read Requests: 31,234
Captured Segments account for 64.2% of Total
Owner
Tablespace Name
Object Name
Subobject Name
Obj. Type
Phys Read Requests
%Total
O
USERS
$$
LOB
8,195
26.24
O
TABLE
6,180
19.79
O
USERS
TABLE
5,242
16.78
O
TABLE
145
0.46
O
USERS
TABLE
128
0.41
Phys Read Requests :物理读的申请次数
%Total :(该段上发生的物理读的申请次数/ physical read IO requests)
12 Dictionary Cache Stats
Dictionary Cache Stats
"Pct Misses" should be very low (< 2% in most cases)
"Final Usage" is the number of cache entries being used
Cache
Get Requests
Pct Miss
Scan Reqs
Pct Miss
Mod Reqs
Final Usage
dc_awr_control
65
0.00
0
2
1
dc_files
6
100.00
0
0
6
dc_global_oids
435
4.14
0
0
308
dc_histogram_data
3,518,709
0.05
0
0
6,216
dc_histogram_defs
1,307,798
0.28
0
1
7,437
dc_object_grants
38
7.89
0
0
26
dc_objects
1,750,326
0.06
0
48
2,177
dc_profiles
282
0.00
0
0
1
dc_rollback_segments
886
0.00
0
0
22
dc_segments
546,372
0.06
0
2
6,319
dc_sequences
339
13.57
0
339
39
dc_tablespaces
1,316,800
0.00
0
0
7
dc_users
1,569,629
0.00
0
0
125
global database name
2,591
0.00
0
0
1
outstanding_alerts
30
0.00
0
0
5
sch_lj_oids
4
25.00
0
0
1
Get Requests 申请获取该数据字典缓存对象的次数 gets
Miss : GETMISSES 申请获取该数据字典缓存对象但 miss的次数
Pct Miss : GETMISSES Gets , Miss的比例 ,这个pct miss应当非常低 小于2%,否则有出现大量row cache lock的可能
Scan Reqs:扫描申请的次数 ,
Pct Miss:SCANMISSES/SCANS
13 Library Cache Activity
Library Cache Activity
"Pct Misses" should be very low
Namespace
Get Requests
Pct Miss
Pin Requests
Pct Miss
Reloads
Invali- dations
ACCOUNT_STATUS
318
0.31
0
0
0
BODY
1,578
1.08
3,444
0.64
2
0
CLUSTER
179
1.12
179
1.12
0
0
DBLINK
320
0.63
0
0
0
EDITION
189
0.00
363
0.00
0
0
INDEX
42
4.76
42
33.33
12
0
OBJECT ID
1
100.00
0
0
0
QUEUE
63
0.00
215
0.00
0
0
SCHEMA
639
0.16
0
0
0
SQL AREA
317,164
20.79
2,489,844
8.74
7,179
3,253
SQL AREA BUILD
75,120
96.34
0
0
0
SQL AREA STATS
74,461
95.31
74,461
95.31
0
0
SUBSCRIPTION
7
0.00
7
0.00
0
0
TABLE/PROCEDURE
96,208
0.35
374,862
0.58
1,068
0
TRIGGER
2,027
3.75
11,088
1.25
61
0
NameSpace library cache 的命名空间
GETS Requests 该命名空间所包含对象的library cache lock被申请的次数
14 SGA信息
14 -1 SGA Memory Summary
SGA Memory Summary
SGA regions
Begin Size (Bytes)
End Size (Bytes) (if different)
Database Buffers
3,019,898,880
Fixed Size
2,265,984
Redo Buffers
4,460,544
Variable Size
10,435,431,552
14-2 SGA breakdown difference
SGA breakdown difference
ordered by Pool, Name
N/A value for Begin MB or End MB indicates the size of that Pool/Name was insignificant, or zero in that snapshot
Pool
Name
Begin MB
End MB
% Diff
java
free memory
128.00
128.00
0.00
large
PX msg pool
7.81
7.81
0.00
large
free memory
152.19
152.19
0.00
shared
KGLDA
68.12
71.25
4.59
shared
KGLH0
1,322.65
1,374.36
3.91
shared
KGLHD
201.44
206.36
2.44
shared
SQLA
1,710.04
1,874.21
9.60
shared
free memory
1,291.59
1,080.89
-16.31
shared
kglsim heap
69.35
69.35
0.00
shared
kglsim object batch
119.14
119.14
0.00
streams
free memory
63.94
63.94
0.00
buffer_cache
2,880.00
2,880.00
0.00
fixed_sga
2.16
2.16
0.00
log_buffer
4.25
4.25
0.00
Pool 内存池的名字
Name 内存池中细分组件的名字 例如KGLH0 存放KEL Heap 0 、SQLA存放SQL执行计划等
Begin MB 快照开始时该组件的内存大小
End MB 快照结束时该组件的内存大小
% Diff 差异百分比