Rails学习笔记（1）-Ubuntu12.04下的环境配置

大三 开始跟随学长做一些项目 涉及到一些网络开发和编程 因此着手开始学习ROR（Ruby on Rails）
下面是ubuntu12.04下配置ror开发环境的的过程、遇到的问题以及相应的解决方法。
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• 安装下述网站的操作，运行其安装脚本  http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?f=63&t=72569&

       运行过程中一个主要的问题是： 无法找到RMagick和 libmagick9-dev 
        解决方法：sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev
       然后再输入：sudo gem install rmagick即可
       具体可参考： http://www.cnblogs.com/ericchen/archive/2012/07/09/2583823.html

• 之后查看相应的版本号，终端输入

        $ rails -v
       $ ruby -v
       显示相应版本号即说明安装完成

• 接下来进行测试:

       在指定目录下建立相关测试文件：
        $ rails new demo
       下面内容为指令输入后终端的显示内容    

 

create
create README
create Rakefile
create config.ru
create .gitignore
create Gemfile
create app
create app/controllers/application_controller.rb
create app/helpers/application_helper.rb
create app/mailers
create app/models
create app/views/layouts/application.html.erb
create config
create config/routes.rb
......
run  bundle install
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.........
Using rake (0.9.2.2) 
Using i18n (0.6.1) 
Using multi_json (1.3.6) 
Using activesupport (3.2.8) 
Using builder (3.0.3) 
Using activemodel (3.2.8) 
Using erubis (2.7.0) 
Using journey (1.0.4) 
Using rack (1.4.1) 
Using rack-cache (1.2) 
Using rack-test (0.6.2) 
Using hike (1.2.1) 
Using tilt (1.3.3) 
Using sprockets (2.1.3) 
Using actionpack (3.2.8) 
Using mime-types (1.19) 
Using polyglot (0.3.3) 
Using treetop (1.4.10) 
Using mail (2.4.4) 
Using actionmailer (3.2.8) 
Using arel (3.0.2) 
Using tzinfo (0.3.33) 
Using activerecord (3.2.8) 
Using activeresource (3.2.8) 
Using bundler (1.2.1)
Using coffee-script-source (1.3.3) 
Using execjs (1.4.0) 
Using coffee-script (2.2.0) 
Using rack-ssl (1.3.2) 
Using json (1.7.5) 
Using rdoc (3.12) 
Using thor (0.16.0) 
Using railties (3.2.8) 
Using coffee-rails (3.2.2) 
Using jquery-rails (2.1.3) 
Using rails (3.2.8) 
Using sass (3.2.1) 
Using sass-rails (3.2.5) 
Installing sqlite3 (1.3.6) with native extensions 
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/usr/bin/ruby1.8 extconf.rb 
checking for sqlite3.h... no
sqlite3.h is missing. Try 'port install sqlite3 +universal'
or 'yum install sqlite-devel' and check your shared library search path (the
location where your sqlite3 shared library is located).

*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=/usr/bin/ruby1.8
--with-sqlite3-dir
--without-sqlite3-dir
--with-sqlite3-include
--without-sqlite3-include=${sqlite3-dir}/include
--with-sqlite3-lib
--without-sqlite3-lib=${sqlite3-dir}/lib
--enable-local
--disable-local

Gem files will remain installed in /home/steven/.bundler/tmp/16922/gems/sqlite3-1.3.6 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/steven/.bundler/tmp/16922/gems/sqlite3-1.3.6/ext/sqlite3/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing sqlite3 (1.3.6), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install sqlite3 -v '1.3.6'` succeeds before bundling.

       解决方法：sudo apt-get install libsqlite3-dev 安装相应的库文件即可。
       安装完成后，出现下述语句
 Your bundle is complete! Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

• 接下来 进入刚才创建的目录demo

       输入： rails s（启动服务器）
       再次出现问题：
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/execjs-1.4.0/lib/execjs/runtimes.rb:51:in `autodetect': Could not find a JavaScript runtime.
        解决方法：安装js运行时环境，sudo apt-get install nodejs即可

• 安装完成后，再次输入rails s

       出现下述：
=> Booting WEBrick
=> Rails 3.2.8 application starting in development on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Call with -d to detach
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
[2012-10-04 16:20:55] INFO  WEBrick 1.3.1
[2012-10-04 16:20:55] INFO  ruby 1.8.7 (2011-06-30) [i686-linux]
[2012-10-04 16:21:01] INFO  WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=21716 port=3000

• OK，再在浏览器中输入http://localhost:3000/   出现如下界面：

 

 ~~ ROR配置环境安装完成。
更多相关问题可参考 http://ren.iteye.com/blog/1074689

Steven 2012.12.04

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/steven-blog/archive/2012/12/04/2919212.html