java struts2下载文件_java struts2入门学习---文件下载的二种方式

一.关于文件下载:

文件下载的核心思想即是将文件从一个地方拷贝到另一个地方.

1.传统方式:

在Action中加入大量servlet api 操作.优点是好理解,缺点是耦合度高。

2.stream方式:

使用struts2中的stream拦截器进行操作

二.实例:

我这里用的是maven,贴出pom.xml:

4.0.0

com.amos

struts2_learn

war

0.0.1-SNAPSHOT

struts2_learn Maven Webapp

http://maven.apache.org

junit

junit

4.11

test

org.apache.struts

struts2-core

2.3.16

org.apache.commons

commons-io

1.3.2

jstl

jstl

1.1.2

provided

taglibs

standard

1.1.2

struts2_learn

View Code

1.使用传统方式实现文件下载:

DownloadAction.java

package download;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

/**

* @ClassName: DownloadAction

* @Description: 文件下载

* @author: amosli

* @email:amosli@infomorrow.com

* @date Feb 13, 2014 1:22:23 AM

*/

public class DownloadAction extends ActionSupport {

private static final long serialVersionUID = -5609061774548242181L;

private String fileName;//文件名称

public void setFileName(String fileName) {

if (ServletActionContext.getRequest().getMethod().equals("GET")) {

try {

byte[] bytes = fileName.getBytes("ISO8859-1");//将get方式提交的中文进行处理,即将编码由ISO8859-1转为utf-8

fileName = new String(bytes, "utf-8");

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

this.fileName = fileName;

}

// 下载

public String execute() throws Exception {

// 1.传统下载方式

// 取得HttpServletResponse对象

HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();

// 取得ServletContext对象

ServletContext context = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();

// 通知浏览器以下载方式打开文件

response.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "utf-8"));

// 取得需要下载文件的根目录

String realPath = context.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/download");

// 构造子节输入流

InputStream is = new FileInputStream(realPath + "/" + fileName);

// 构造子节输出流

OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();

byte[] b = new byte[1024];

int len = 0;

while ((len = is.read(b)) > 0) {

os.write(b, 0, len);

}

is.close();

os.close();

return SUCCESS;

}

}

download.jsp

Insert title here building.jpg

---

建筑.jpg --%>

download_struts.xml

/p>

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

struts.xml

/p>

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

效果如下图所示,点击building.jpg即可开始下载:

代码运行顺序:

首先,项目启动,加载struts.xml--->download_struts.xml-->将对应的DownloadAction加载.

其次,用户访问download.jsp页面,点击超链接,即开始调用DownloadAction进行下载.

核心程序即为DownloadAction.java,将要下载的文件写入到输入流,FileInputStream,然后再将文件从输入流写入到输出流,即将文件从一个地方拷贝到另一个地方.HttpServletResponse,将文件回写给浏览器,以达到下载文件的目的.

最后,文件成功下载,文件被拷贝到指定的地方.

这里要注意的是如果是GET请求方式,那么要注意中文乱码的问题,这里涉及到转码的问题,要做一个判断,详情可参考上面的代码.

2.使用stream方式进行文件下载:

DownloadStreamAction.java

packagedownload;importjava.io.InputStream;importjava.net.URLEncoder;importorg.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;/*** @ClassName: DownloadStreamAction

* @Description: 现代下载方式

*@author: amosli

* @email:amosli@infomorrow.com

* @date Feb 13, 2014 12:35:26 AM*/

public class DownloadStreamAction extendsActionSupport {private static final long serialVersionUID = -2747191035343710583L;privateString fileName;public void setFileName(String fileName) throwsException {if(ServletActionContext.getRequest().getMethod().equals("GET")){byte[] bytes = fileName.getBytes("ISO8859-1");

fileName=new String(bytes,"utf-8");

}this.fileName =fileName;

}public String getFileName() throwsException {return URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "utf-8");

}public InputStream getImageStream() throwsException {

InputStream inputStream= ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/download/"+fileName);returninputStream;

}

}

download_struts.xml

/p>

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

image/jpeg

imageStream

attachment;filename="building.jpg"

1024

这里如果仅仅看DownloadStreamAction,会发现代码简洁明了,少了很多,再看download_struts.xml,会发现之前我们自己做的事,都被struts代替了,比如字符数组的大小,这里以参数配置的形式出现,方便了许多.

注意:imageStream要和DownloadStreamAction中的getImageStream相对应,不可写错.

关于其具体实现可以查看org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StreamResult源码,其对应参数,看过源码后就会发现其实下载和传统方式差不多,就是将其优化了不少.

3.实现过程中出现的问题

HTTP Status 500 - The absolute uri: http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core cannot be resolved in either web.xml or the jar files deployed with this application

type Exception report

message The absolute uri: http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core cannot be resolved in either web.xml or the jar files deployed with this application

description The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfillingthisrequest.

exception

org.apache.jasper.JasperException: The absolute uri: http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core cannot be resolved in either web.xml or the jar files deployed with this application

org.apache.jasper.compiler.DefaultErrorHandler.jspError(DefaultErrorHandler.java:56)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.ErrorDispatcher.dispatch(ErrorDispatcher.java:445)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.ErrorDispatcher.jspError(ErrorDispatcher.java:117)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.TagLibraryInfoImpl.generateTLDLocation(TagLibraryInfoImpl.java:311)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.TagLibraryInfoImpl.(TagLibraryInfoImpl.java:152)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parseTaglibDirective(Parser.java:410)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parseDirective(Parser.java:475)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parseElements(Parser.java:1427)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parse(Parser.java:138)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.ParserController.doParse(ParserController.java:242)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.ParserController.parse(ParserController.java:102)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.Compiler.generateJava(Compiler.java:198)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.Compiler.compile(Compiler.java:373)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.Compiler.compile(Compiler.java:353)

org.apache.jasper.compiler.Compiler.compile(Compiler.java:340)

org.apache.jasper.JspCompilationContext.compile(JspCompilationContext.java:646)

org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:357)

org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:390)

org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:334)

javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728)

org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:96)

note The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/7.0.42 logs.

如上所示异常,困扰了很久,网上答案各异,这里最终解决方案是在pom.xml中填加如下内容:

jstl

jstl

1.1.2

provided

上面的提示是说缺少jstl的jar包,这里也可以手动将jar包引入.

遇到的其它问题基本上只耐心查看提示,基本上都解决了,这里感觉细心真心重要.