1、接口的定义和实现以及接口的继承
示例:
package main import "fmt" //定义接口类型 type Humaner interface { //方法,只有声明,没有实现,由别的类型(自定义类型)实现 sayhi() } type Student struct { name string id int } //Student实现了此方法 func (tmp *Student) sayhi() { fmt.Printf("Student[%s, %d] sayhi\n", tmp.name, tmp.id) } type Teacher struct { addr string group string } //Teacher实现了此方法 func (tmp *Teacher) sayhi() { fmt.Printf("Teacher[%s, %s] sayhi\n", tmp.addr, tmp.group) } type MyStr string //MyStr实现了此方法 func (tmp *MyStr) sayhi() { fmt.Printf("MyStr[%s] sayhi\n", *tmp) } //定义一个普通函数,函数的参数为接口类型 //只有一个函数,可以有不同表现,多态 func WhoSayHi(i Humaner) { i.sayhi() } func main() { s := &Student{"mike", 666} t := &Teacher{"bj", "go"} var str MyStr = "hello mike" //调用同一函数,不同表现,多态,多种形态 WhoSayHi(s) WhoSayHi(t) WhoSayHi(&str) //创建一个切片 x := make([]Humaner, 3) x[0] = s x[1] = t x[2] = &str //第一个返回下标,第二个返回下标所对应的值 for _, i := range x { i.sayhi() } } func main01() { //定义接口类型的变量 var i Humaner //只是实现了此接口方法的类型,那么这个类型的变量(接收者类型)就可以给i赋值 s := &Student{"mike", 666} i = s i.sayhi() t := &Teacher{"bj", "go"} i = t i.sayhi() var str MyStr = "hello mike" i = &str i.sayhi() }
#执行结果:
Student[mike, 666] sayhi Teacher[bj, go] sayhi MyStr[hello mike] sayhi Student[mike, 666] sayhi Teacher[bj, go] sayhi MyStr[hello mike] sayhi