javaWEB总结(6):ServletRequest

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-02 23:23:15 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-07-02 23:23:15 发布

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文章标签： java 数据库 web.xml

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/tongrui/p/6193831.html

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1.首先看ServletRequest的API

javax.servlet
Interface ServletRequest

All Known Subinterfaces:

HttpServletRequest

All Known Implementing Classes:

HttpServletRequestWrapper, ServletRequestWrapper

Method Summary
`Object`	`getAttribute(String name)` Returns the value of the named attribute as an `Object`, or `null` if no attribute of the given name exists.
`Enumeration`	`getAttributeNames()` Returns an `Enumeration` containing the names of the attributes available to this request.
`String`	`getCharacterEncoding()` Returns the name of the character encoding used in the body of this request.
`int`	`getContentLength()` Returns the length, in bytes, of the request body and made available by the input stream, or -1 if the length is not known.
`String`	`getContentType()` Returns the MIME type of the body of the request, or `null` if the type is not known.
`ServletInputStream`	`getInputStream()` Retrieves the body of the request as binary data using a `ServletInputStream`.
`String`	`getLocalAddr()` Returns the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the interface on which the request was received.
`Locale`	`getLocale()` Returns the preferred `Locale` that the client will accept content in, based on the Accept-Language header.
`Enumeration`	`getLocales()` Returns an `Enumeration` of `Locale` objects indicating, in decreasing order starting with the preferred locale, the locales that are acceptable to the client based on the Accept-Language header.
`String`	`getLocalName()` Returns the host name of the Internet Protocol (IP) interface on which the request was received.
`int`	`getLocalPort()` Returns the Internet Protocol (IP) port number of the interface on which the request was received.
`String`	`getParameter(String name)` Returns the value of a request parameter as a `String`, or `null` if the parameter does not exist.
`Map`	`getParameterMap()` Returns a java.util.Map of the parameters of this request.
`Enumeration`	`getParameterNames()` Returns an `Enumeration` of `String` objects containing the names of the parameters contained in this request.
`String[]`	`getParameterValues(String name)` Returns an array of `String` objects containing all of the values the given request parameter has, or`null` if the parameter does not exist.
`String`	`getProtocol()` Returns the name and version of the protocol the request uses in the formprotocol/majorVersion.minorVersion, for example, HTTP/1.1.
`BufferedReader`	`getReader()` Retrieves the body of the request as character data using a `BufferedReader`.
`String`	`getRealPath(String path)` Deprecated. As of Version 2.1 of the Java Servlet API, use`ServletContext.getRealPath(java.lang.String)` instead.
`String`	`getRemoteAddr()` Returns the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the client or last proxy that sent the request.
`String`	`getRemoteHost()` Returns the fully qualified name of the client or the last proxy that sent the request.
`int`	`getRemotePort()` Returns the Internet Protocol (IP) source port of the client or last proxy that sent the request.
`RequestDispatcher`	`getRequestDispatcher(String path)` Returns a `RequestDispatcher` object that acts as a wrapper for the resource located at the given path.
`String`	`getScheme()` Returns the name of the scheme used to make this request, for example, `http`, `https`, or `ftp`.
`String`	`getServerName()` Returns the host name of the server to which the request was sent.
`int`	`getServerPort()` Returns the port number to which the request was sent.
`boolean`	`isSecure()` Returns a boolean indicating whether this request was made using a secure channel, such as HTTPS.
`void`	`removeAttribute(String name)` Removes an attribute from this request.
`void`	`setAttribute(String name,Object o)` Stores an attribute in this request.
`void`	`setCharacterEncoding(String env)` Overrides the name of the character encoding used in the body of this request.

ServletRequest是一个接口，有一个子接口类和两个实现类，表格中显示的方法，由于本人精力和知识有限，只测试其中的几个方法:

(1).getParameter(String name):根据参数名，获取参数值；

(2).getParameterNames():获取所有参数名组成的 Enumeration；

(3).getParameterValues(String name):根据参数名，获取参数值组成的String[]，用于多参数值；

(4).getParameterMap():获取参数名和参数值的String[]组成的键值对，即返回的类型为Map(String,String[])，用于多参数值。

2.项目目录结构

3.LoginServlet

package com.dao.chu;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class LoginServlet implements Servlet{

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getServletInfo() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void init(ServletConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("init...");
		
	}

	@Override
	public void service(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		System.out.println("打印ServletRequest的值： "+servletRequest);
		System.out.println("打印servletResponse的值： "+servletRequest);
		
		//获取表单中的内容
		String userValue = servletRequest.getParameter("user");
		String passwordValue = servletRequest.getParameter("password");
		
		System.out.println("【getParameter】userValue is :"+userValue);
		System.out.println("【getParameter】passwordValue is :"+passwordValue);
		
		//获取提交的所有参数名组成的Enumeration
		Enumeration<String> enNmes = servletRequest.getParameterNames();
		
		//循环
		while (enNmes.hasMoreElements()) {
			
			//获取参数名打印
			String enName = (String) enNmes.nextElement();
			System.out.println("【getParameterNames】enName is :"+enName);
			
			//获取参数值打印
			String enValue = servletRequest.getParameter(enName);
			System.out.println("【getParameterNames】enValue is: "+enValue);
			
		}
		
		//获取参数名和参数值的String[]组成的键值对
		Map<String, String[]> map = servletRequest.getParameterMap();
		
		Set<Entry<String,String[]>> entrySet = map.entrySet();
		
		for (Entry<String, String[]> entry : entrySet) {
			
			System.out.println("【getParameterMap】getNamebyMap is: "+entry.getKey());
			
			System.out.println("【getParameterMap】getValuebyMap is:"+Arrays.asList(entry.getValue()));
		}
		
		//获取多个请求方式的方法
		String[] interests = servletRequest.getParameterValues("interesting");
		
		for (String interest : interests) {
			
			System.out.println("【getParameterValues】interest is :"+interest);
		}
		
	}

}

4.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>javaWeb_06</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>loginServlet</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>com.dao.chu.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>loginServlet</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/LoginServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  
</web-app>

5.login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>登陆页</title>
</head>
<body>

	<!-- 相对路径写action="LoginServlet"; -->
	<!-- 绝对路径写action="/javaWeb_06/LoginServlet"; -->
	
	<form action="LoginServlet" method="post">
		用户名：<input type="text" name="user">
		<br><br>
		密码  <input type="password" name="password">
		<br><br>
		
		
		<!-- 一组信息 -->
		interesting:
		<input type="checkbox" name="interesting" value="reading">Reading
		<input type="checkbox" name="interesting" value="writing">Writing
		<input type="checkbox" name="interesting" value="football">Football
		<input type="checkbox" name="interesting" value="game">Game
		<input type="checkbox" name="interesting" value="shopping">Shopping
		<input type="checkbox" name="interesting" value="party">Party
		<input type="checkbox" name="interesting" value="TV">TV
		
		<br><br>
		
		<input type="submit" value="提交">
	</form>
	
</body>
</html>

6.输入用户名:admim 密码:123，选择前三个复选框

7.查看打印信息

8.接下来根据打印信息和下面这张图进行总结

9.总结:

(1).在打印信息中，我们把ServletRequest的值和servletResponse的值都打印了出来，从关键词"apache.catalina"中可以看出:这两个接口的实现类都是由tomcat服务器给予实现的，并在服务器调用service时传入。

(2).请求信息经过tomcat服务器映射到我们的LoginServlet，在LoginServlet调用service方法时候，参数封装在了ServletRequest中，而ServletRequest有一些接收参数的方法。这样loginServlet可以写一些和数据库服务器连接的方法，就可以和数据库里面的值进行比对。

(3).当参数值为一个的时候，大多数我们根据需要应用getParameter方法或getParameterNames，而多参数值的时候，根据需要应用getParameterValues或getParameterMap方法。

附:

API下载地址:点击打开链接

本次项目代码:点击打开链接

参考视频:点击打开链接

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/tongrui/p/6193831.html

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javaWEB总结(6):ServletRequest

1.首先看ServletRequest的APIjavax.servlet Interface ServletRequestAll Known Subinterfaces: HttpServletRequestAll Known Implementing Classes: HttpServletRequestWrapper,ServletRequestWrapper...
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