单位符号的英语说法

单位符号的英语说法

1/2 = a (or one) half

1/3 = a (or one) third

1/4 = a quarter or one fouth

1/5 = a (or one) fifth

2/3 = two thirds

9/10 = nine tenths

53/4 = five and three quarters

15/64= fifteen over (or by) sixty-four

15% = fifteen per cent

4‰ = four per mill

R’ R prime

R” R double prime, R second prime

R1 R sub one

100° C one hundred degrees Centigrade

+ plus; positive

- minus; negative

´ multiplied by; times

¸ divided by

± plus or minus

= is equal to; equals

º is identically equal to

» is approximately equal to

( ) round brackets; parentheses

[ ] square brackets

{ } braces

a＞＞b a is much greater than b

a³ b a is greater than or equal to b

aµ b a varies directly as b

lognX logX to the base n

the cubic root of x

the nth root of x

x2 x square, x squared, the square of x

Xn X to n factors; the nth power of x; x to the power n

x -8 x to the minus eighth power

ï xï the absolute value of x

the mean value of X

the sum of the terms indicated; summation of

D x or d x the increment of x

dx differential x

dy/dx the first derivative of y with respect to x

ò integral

¥ infinity

1/2 a half; one half

2/3 two thirds

5/123 five over a hundred and twenty-three

eight and three over fourths; eight and three quarters

0.01 O point O one; zero point zero one; nought point nought one

6 % 6 percent

3‰ 3 per mille

2 : 3 the ratio of two to three

r=xd r equals x multiplied by d

5´ 2=10 five times two equals ten

x3/8=y2 x raised to the third power divided by eight equals y squared

(a+b-c´ d)/e=f a plus b minus c multiplied by d, all divided by e equals f

y = (Wt-W)/x y equals W sub t minus W over x

 

符号的英文读法

 

． period 句号

≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号

， comma 逗号

＜ is less than 小于号

： colon 冒号

＞ is more than 大于号

； semicolon 分号

≮ is not less than 不小于号

！ exclamation 惊叹号

≯ is not more than 不大于号

？ question mark 问号

≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号

￣ hyphen 连字符

≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号

' apostrophe 省略号

；所有格符号

％ per cent 百分之…

- dash 破折号

‰ per mill 千分之…

' ' single quotation marks 单引号

∞ infinity 无限大号

double quotation marks 双引号

∝ varies as 与…成比例

( ) parentheses 圆括号

√ (square) root 平方根

[ ] square brackets 方括号

∵ since; because 因为

《 》 French quotes 法文引号;书名号

∴ hence 所以

... ellipsis 省略号

∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例

¨ tandem colon 双点号

∠ angle 角

ditto 双点号

⌒ semicircle 半圆

‖ parallel 双线号

⊙ circle 圆

／ virgule 斜线号

○ circumference 圆周

＆ ampersand = and

π pi 圆周率

～ swung dash 代字号

△ triangle 三角形

§ section; division 分节号

⊥ perpendicular to 垂直于

→ arrow 箭号；参见号

∪ union of 并，合集

＋ plus 加号；正号

∩ intersection of 交，通集

－ minus 减号；负号

∫ the integral of …的积分

± plus or minus 正负号

( ∑ sigma) summation of 总和

× is multiplied by 乘号

° degree 度

÷ is divided by 除号

′ minute 分

＝ is equal to 等于号

″ second 秒

≠ is not equal to 不等于号

＃ number …号

≡ is equivalent to 全等于号

℃ Celsius system 摄氏度

≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号

＠ at 单价

 

Pronunciation of Numerals 数词的读法

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1.Cardinals and Ordinals 基数和序数

(1)100以内的数词

基数 序数

Roman Arabic

Numerals Numerals

罗马数字 阿拉伯数字 读法 数码 读法

I 1 one 1st the first

II 2 two 2nd the second

III 3 three 3rd the third

IV 4 four 4th the fourth

V 5 five 5th the fifth

VI 6 six 6th the sixth

VII 7 seven 7th the seventh

VIII 8 eight 8th the eighth

IX 9 nine 9th the ninth

X 10 ten 10th the tenth

XI 11 eleven 11th the eleventh

XII 12 twelve 12th the twelfth

XIII 13 thirteen 13th the thirteenth

XIV 14 fourteen 14th the fourteenth

XV 15 fifteen 15th the fifteenth

XVI 16 sixteen 16th the sixteenth

XVII 17 seventeen 17th the seventeenth

XVIII 18 eighteen 18th the eighteenth

XIX 19 nineteen 19th the nineteenth

XX 20 twenty 20th the twentieth

XXI 21 twenty-one 21st the twenty-first

XXV 25 twenty-five 25th the twenty-fifth

XXX 30 thirty 30th the thirtieth

XL 40 forty 40th the fortieth

L 50 fifty 50th the fiftieth

LX 60 sixty 60th the sixtieth

LXX 70 seventy 70th the seventieth

LXXX 80 eighty 80th the eightieth

XC 90 ninety 90th the ninetieth

IC 99 ninety-nine 99th the ninety-ninth

C 100 one hundred 100th the hundredth

CII 102 a hundred 102nd the (one) hundred

and two and second

246 two hundred and forty-six

751 seven hundred and fifty-one

 

(2)1000以上的数词

1,000 = one thousand 一千

10,000 = ten thousand 一万

100,000 = one hundred thousand 十万

1,000,000 = one million 一百万

10,000,000 = ten million 一千万

100,000,000=one hundred million 一亿

 

(3)十亿以上的大数，英美有不同的读法：

英国 美国

十亿 one thousand million = one billion

百亿 ten thousand million = ten billion

千亿 one hundred thousand million = one hundred billion

万亿 one billion = one trillion

 

2.Fractions 分数

 

通常将分子读为基数，将分母读为序数。

1/2 = a (or one) half

1/3 = a (or one) third

1/4 = a quarter or one fouth

1/5 = a (or one) fifth

2/3 = two thirds

9/10 = nine tenths

53/4 = five and three quarters

15/64= fifteen over (or by) sixty-four

15% = fifteen per cent

4‰ = four per mill

 

3.Decimals 小数

0.4 = zero (or nought) point four

.01 = point (or decimal) nought one

12.34 = twelve point three four

567.809 = five hundred and sixty-seven point eight nought nine

30.45 = thirty point four five, five recurring

0.3% = decimal three percent

 

4.Mathematic Forms 数学式

 

(1) Addition 加法

1+2=3 One and two are three.

2+3=5 Two plus three equals five.

4+0=4 Four and nought is equal to four.

45+70+152=267 45,70 and 152 added are (or make) 267

the sum (or total) is 267.

演算时的读法： Three and seven are ten; I write(or I write down,or I put down)a nought

and carry one. Four and one that I carry are five, and eight make thirteen,and three

sixteen; I write down six and carry one. One and one (that I carry) are two; I put down

two.- The sum (or total, or the result of the addition) is two hundred and sixty. 37,80

and 143 added together, and(or make) 260.

 

(2)Subtraction 减法

9-4=5 Nine minus four equals (or is equal to) five.

15-7=8 Seven from fifteen leaves eight.

23,654-8,175=15,479 8,175 (take or subtracted) from 23,654 leaves 15,479. The difference

(or The remainder) is 15,479.

Nine from five won`t go.

演算时的读法：Nought from nought (leaves) nought. One from one leaves nought (or nothing).

Two from three (leaves) one. I can`t take (or subtract) five from four; I must borrow ten;

five from fourteen leaves nine.- The difference (or The remainder) is nine thousand one

hundred. 5210 (take or substracted) from 14,310 leaves 9,100.

 

(3)Multiplication 乘法

1×0=0 One multiplied by nought equals nought.

1×1=1 Once one is one.

2×1=2 Twice one is two.

3×5=15 Three times five is fifteen

6×0=0 Multiply six by nothing, and the result is nothing.

演算时的读法: Five times nine (or Nine multiplied by five) are forty-five; I put down five

and carry four. Five times seven are thirty-five and four (that I carry) are thirty-nine; I write

down nine and carry three. Five times six make thirty and three (that I carry) thirty-three; I put

down thirty-three.

Eight times nine (or Eight nine) are seven two; I write two and carry seven. Eight sevens make

fifty-six and seven are sixty-three. I put down three and carry six. Eight sixes make forty-eight

and six fifty-four; I write down fifty-four.

I now add the partial results (or products) Five. Two and nine are eleven. Three and three are

six and one are seven. Four and three make seven. Five.

 

(4)Division 除法

9÷3=3 Nine divided by three maks (or is equal to) three.

20÷5=4 Five into twenty goes four times.

4567÷23=198余13 23 into 4567 goes 198 times, and 13 remainder.

The quctient is 198, and 13 remainder.

演算时的读法: Fifteen into thirteen won`t go ; fifteen into one hundred and thirty-eight goes nine

times; nine times fifteen are one hundred and threty-five; one hundred and thirty-five from one hundred

and thirty-eight leaves three; I bring down seven; fifteen into thirty-seven goes twice; twice fifteen

are thirty; thirty from thirty-seven leaves seven.

　　The (exact) quotient is ninety-two, and seven remainder; 15 into 1387 goes 92 times, and 7 remainder.

 

5.Time 时间

 

(1)Hours 钟点

2h.5'8" = two hours five minutes eight seconds 2小时5分8秒

6.18 = six eighteen 6时18分

8.30 a.m.= eight thirty a.m.['ei 'em] 上午8时30分

the 6.05 p.m.train = the six (nought) five p.m.['pi:'em] train 下午6时零5分列车

又二十四小时混合制的写法和读法如下：

0900 = 0 nine hunderd (上午)9时

0910 = 0 nine ten (上午)9时10分

1300 = thirteen hundred 13时(下午1时)

1525 = fifteen twenty-five 15时25分(下午3时25分)

2000 = twenty hundred 20时(下午8时)

at 5 o'c =at five o'clock 五点钟

 

(2)Date 日期

Oct.1 =October first 10月1日

Oct.1st = October the first 10月1日

Ist Oct. 1949 = teh first of October, nineteen forty-nine 1949年10月1日

3/5 = [英]May (the) third 5月3日；[美]March fifth 3月5日

[附注]联系日期前置词用on.

 

(3)Year 年份

684 B.C. =Six eighty-four B.C. ['bi:'si:] 公元前684年

1960 = nineteen sixty; nineteen hundred and sixty

19- nineteen something

1950's nineteen fifties 二十世纪五十年代

[附注]联系年份的前置词用in.

 

 

6.Numbers 号码

 

(1)Telephones Numbers　电话号码

1023 = one O two three; ten twenty-three

1227 = one double two (or two two) seven

0386 = O three eight six

0096 = double O(or O O )nine six

7000 = seven O double O = seven thousand

No.26= Number 26 第26号

Room 201 = Room two O one 第201房间

10 Changan Street = Ten Changan Street 长安街10号

 

(2)Writings 书籍作品

Vol.I = Volume one (or the first volume) 卷一

Chap.II= Chapter two (or the second chapter) 第2章

Page 3 = page Three (or the third page) 第3页

See pp.5-10 = See Pages five to ten 见第5-10页

Act V = Act five (or the fifth act) 第5幕

Hamlet III 1:56 = Hamlet Act Three, Secene One.Line fifty-six 《哈姆雷特》第3幕第一场第56行

Matt.7:12 = Matthew, Chapter Seven, Verse Twelve 《马可福音》第七章第12节

Beethoven Op.49 = Beethoven Opus forty-nine 贝多芬作品第49号

4to = quarto 四本开 8vo = octavo 八本开

 

(3)Other 其他

World War I = World War One 第一次世界大战

World War II = World War Two 第二次世界大战

Charles I= Charles the First 查理一世

Henry V = Henry the Fifth 亨利五世

Mr.- = Mr. Dash; Mr. So-and-so 某某先生

Mr.B - = Mr. B

-Esq.,of -= the town of Blank Esquire of Blank University 某大学某某先生

the town of = the town of Blank 某某城

The result of the game was 3-0 比赛结果是三比零。

 

 

7.Money 货币

 

(1)British currency 英币

6d. = six pence 六便士

1/2d. = a halfpenny 半便士

11/2d. = a peney halfpenny or three halfpeny or three halfpence一便士半

1/4d. = a farthing 一个铜元

33/4d.= three pence three farghings 三便士三铜元

1s.6d.(or 1/6) = one (shilling) and six (pence) 一先令六便士

￡1.18 = (or￡1.18s.)= one pound eighteen (shillings) 一镑十八先令

￡1.3s.6d. = one pound, three shillings (and) sixpence

4/51/2(or4s.51/2d.) = four (shillings) and five pence halfpenny

 

(2)U.S. currency

1.20 dollar (and) twenty (cents) 美金一元二角

4.25 = four dollars twenty-five cents 美金四元二角五分

 

(3)Soviet currency 前苏联币

6 Rb. 15 = six roubles fifteen kopecks 六卢布十五戈比

 

(4) German currency 德币

1 m. 60 = one mark sixty pfennig -马克六十芬尼

 

(5)French currency 法国币

1 fr.30 = one franc. thirty (centimes) -法郎三十生丁

0 fr.15 = fifteen centimes 十五生丁

 

(6) Chinese People's Currency 人民币

1.50 = one yuan and a half 一元五角

JMP 10.35 = JMP ten yuan thirty-five (fen) 人民币十元三角五分

附注：yuan单复数没有变化：也可作为日本本位币“圆”的符号。

 

 

8. Weight and Measures 度量衡

 

(1)length,area, and volume 长度、面积和容积

3 in = three inches 三英寸

15 ft.5 in = fifteen foot five (inches) 十五英尺五英寸

[附注] 尤其在inches省略时, ft.读作foot;如果inches也念出来，ft可以读作fett.

18'6 5/1"= eighteen foot six and a fifth (inches)

10×8feet= ten by eight feet 十英尺长，八英尺宽

5"×4×31/2 = five inches by four by three and a half 长五英寸，宽四英寸，高三英寸半

[附注] 以上二例中，乘号×表示面积或容积。

 

(2)Weight 重量

12 dr. 23 gr.= Twelve drams twenty-three grains 十二打兰二十三喱

10 oz. 4 dr. = Ten ounces four drams 十盎司打兰

 

(3)Capacity 容量

3 gi. = three gills 三及耳

1 qt. 1 pt = one quart one pint 一夸脱一品脱

[附注] qt.,pt. 的复数是qts.,pts.,也可以不加s.

20 gal. 5 qt. =Twenty gallons five quarts 二十加仑五夸脱

5 bu. 3 pk. = Five bushels three pecks 五蒲式耳三配克

 

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