linux脚本 分隔符,Linux Shell 脚本攻略 读书笔记 -- 113.字段分隔符和循环

IFS(Internal Field Separator) 内部字段分隔符

1.

chicol@debian:~/scripts$ vi ifs.sh

#!/bin/bash

# FileName: ifs.sh

data="name,sex,rollno,location"

oldIFS=$IFS

IFS=, #now

for item in $data

do

echo Item: $item

done

IFS=$oldIFS

chicol@debian:~/scripts$ ./ifs.sh

Item: name

Item: sex

Item: rollno

Item: location

chicol@debian:~/scripts$

2.

#!/bin/bash

# FileName: ifs2.sh

line="root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash"

oldIFS=$IFS

IFS=:

count=0

for item in $line

do

[ $count -eq 0 ] && user=$item;

[ $count -eq 6 ] && shell=$item;

let count++

done

IFS=$oldIFS

echo $user\'s shell is $shell.

chicol@debian:~/scripts$ ./ifs2.sh

root's shell is /bin/bash.

循环：

1.for循环

for var in list

do

commands;

done

list可以是字符串，也可以是一个序列

数字列表：{1..50}

字母列表：{a..z}  {A..Z}

for i in {a..z}; do actions; done;

for循环也可以采用c语言for循环的格式：

for ((i=0;i<10;i++))

{

commands;

}

2. while循环:当条件为真时执行循环

while condition

do

commands;

done

用true作为循环条件能产生无限循环

3. until循环：会一直循环，直到条件为真

until condition

do

commands;

done

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