17.环形链表,以及用环形链表解决约瑟夫问题

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-04 09:37:57 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-04 09:37:57 发布

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文章标签：数据结构与算法

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaochi/p/8398184.html

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运行结果

链表定义

typedef struct LinkNode
{
    int data;
    struct LinkNode *pNext;
}node,*PNODE;

环形链表尾部添加

 1 //尾部添加
 2 PNODE addback(PNODE phead, int data)
 3 {
 4     //分配空间
 5     PNODE pnew = (PNODE)malloc(sizeof(node));
 6     pnew->data = data;
 7     if (phead == NULL)
 8     {
 9         phead = pnew;
10         pnew->pNext = phead;
11     }
12     else
13     {
14         //循环到尾部
15         PNODE p = phead;
16         while (p->pNext != phead)
17         {
18             p = p->pNext;
19         }
20         p->pNext = pnew;
21         //头尾相连
22         pnew->pNext = phead;
23     }
24 
25     return phead;
26 }

环形链表头部添加

 1 //头部添加
 2 PNODE addfront(PNODE phead, int data)
 3 {
 4     //分配空间
 5     PNODE pnew = (PNODE)malloc(sizeof(node));
 6     pnew->data = data;
 7     if (phead == NULL)
 8     {
 9         phead = pnew;
10         pnew->pNext = phead;
11     }
12     else
13     {
14         PNODE p = phead;
15         while (p->pNext != phead)
16         {
17             p = p->pNext;
18         }
19         //新的结点插在头结点之前
20         pnew->pNext = phead;
21         //尾结点指向头结点
22         p->pNext = pnew;
23         //新的结点赋值给头结点
24         phead = pnew;
25     }
26     return phead;
27 }

显示数据

 1 void showall(PNODE phead)
 2 {
 3     if (phead == NULL)
 4     {
 5         return;
 6     }
 7     else if (phead->pNext == phead)
 8     {
 9         printf("%d,%p,%p\n", phead->data, phead, phead->pNext);
10     }
11     else
12     {
13         PNODE p = phead;
14         while (p->pNext != phead)
15         {
16             printf("%d,%p,%p\n", p->data, p, p->pNext);
17             p = p->pNext;
18         }
19         printf("%d,%p,%p\n", p->data, p, p->pNext);
20     }
21 }

查找第一个指定元素

PNODE findfirst(PNODE phead, int data)
{
    if (phead == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    else if (phead->pNext == phead)
    {
        if (phead->data == data)
        {
            return phead;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        PNODE p = phead;
        while (p->pNext != phead)
        {
            if (p->data == data)
            {
                return p;
            }
            p = p->pNext;
        }
        if (p->data == data)
        {
            return p;
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}

删除指定结点判断有几个结点1.1个 2.大于一个(大于一个要判断是否是头结点)

 1 PNODE deletefirst(PNODE phead, int data)
 2 {
 3     //p2用于保存p1的前一个位置
 4     PNODE p1 = NULL;
 5     PNODE p2 = NULL;
 6     p1 = phead;
 7 
 8     //如果只有 一个结点
 9     if (p1->pNext == phead)
10     {
11         if (p1->data == data)
12         {
13             return NULL;
14         }
15         else
16         {
17             return phead;
18          }
19     }
20     //如果结点数大于一个
21     else
22     {
23         //先判断头结点,如果头结点是则要删除头结点
24         if (phead->data == data)
25         {
26             //遍历到尾部
27             while (p1->pNext != phead)
28             {
29                 p1 = p1->pNext;
30             }
31             //尾部的后一个结点是头结点的后一个结点
32             p1->pNext = phead->pNext;
33             //释放头结点
34             free(phead);
35             //把尾接电脑的后一个赋给phead
36             phead = p1->pNext;
37         }
38         else
39         {
40             //如果头结点不是要删除的结点,则从后一个开始遍历,p2保存p1移动前的位置
41             p2 = p1;
42             p1 = phead->pNext;
43             //遍历到头结点
44             while (p1 != phead)
45             {
46                 if (p1->data == data)
47                 {
48                     break;
49                 }
50                 else
51                 {
52                     p2 = p1;
53                     p1 = p1->pNext;
54                 }
55             }
56             //判断是否找到结点
57             if (p1 != phead)
58             {
59                 p2->pNext = p1->pNext;
60                 free(p1);
61             }
62         }
63         return phead;
64     }    
65 }

统计有多少个结点

 1 int getnum(PNODE phead)
 2 {
 3     if (phead == NULL)
 4     {
 5         return 0;
 6     }
 7     else
 8     {
 9         int num = 1;
10         PNODE p = phead;
11         while (p->pNext != phead)
12         {
13             num++;
14             p = p->pNext;
15         }
16         return num;
17     }
18 }

在指定元素之后插入一个数据先判断有几个结点 1.1个 2.大于1个

 1 PNODE insertfirst(PNODE phead, int finddata, int data)
 2 {
 3     PNODE pnew = (PNODE)malloc(sizeof(node));
 4     pnew->data = data;
 5 
 6     if (phead == NULL)
 7     {
 8         return NULL;
 9     }
10     //如果只有一个结点
11     else if (phead->pNext == phead)
12     {
13         if (phead->data == finddata)
14         {
15             phead->pNext = pnew;
16             pnew->pNext = phead;
17             return phead;
18         }
19     }
20     else
21     {
22         PNODE p = phead;
23         while (p->pNext != phead)
24         {
25             if (p->data == finddata)
26             {
27                 pnew->pNext = p->pNext;
28                 p->pNext = pnew;
29                 return phead;
30             }
31             p = p->pNext;
32         }
33         if (p->data == finddata)
34         {
35             p->pNext = pnew;
36             pnew->pNext = phead;
37             return phead;
38         }
39     }
40 
41 }

完整代码:

  1 #include <stdio.h>
  2 #include <stdlib.h>
  3 
  4 typedef struct LinkNode
  5 {
  6     int data;
  7     struct LinkNode *pNext;
  8 }node,*PNODE;
  9 
 10 //尾部添加
 11 PNODE addback(PNODE phead, int data)
 12 {
 13     //分配空间
 14     PNODE pnew = (PNODE)malloc(sizeof(node));
 15     pnew->data = data;
 16     if (phead == NULL)
 17     {
 18         phead = pnew;
 19         pnew->pNext = phead;
 20     }
 21     else
 22     {
 23         //循环到尾部
 24         PNODE p = phead;
 25         while (p->pNext != phead)
 26         {
 27             p = p->pNext;
 28         }
 29         p->pNext = pnew;
 30         //头尾相连
 31         pnew->pNext = phead;
 32     }
 33 
 34     return phead;
 35 }
 36 
 37 //头部添加
 38 PNODE addfront(PNODE phead, int data)
 39 {
 40     //分配空间
 41     PNODE pnew = (PNODE)malloc(sizeof(node));
 42     pnew->data = data;
 43     if (phead == NULL)
 44     {
 45         phead = pnew;
 46         pnew->pNext = phead;
 47     }
 48     else
 49     {
 50         PNODE p = phead;
 51         while (p->pNext != phead)
 52         {
 53             p = p->pNext;
 54         }
 55         //新的结点插在头结点之前
 56         pnew->pNext = phead;
 57         //尾结点指向头结点
 58         p->pNext = pnew;
 59         //新的结点赋值给头结点
 60         phead = pnew;
 61     }
 62     return phead;
 63 }
 64 
 65 //显示数据
 66 void showall(PNODE phead)
 67 {
 68     if (phead == NULL)
 69     {
 70         return;
 71     }
 72     else if (phead->pNext == phead)
 73     {
 74         printf("%d,%p,%p\n", phead->data, phead, phead->pNext);
 75     }
 76     else
 77     {
 78         PNODE p = phead;
 79         while (p->pNext != phead)
 80         {
 81             printf("%d,%p,%p\n", p->data, p, p->pNext);
 82             p = p->pNext;
 83         }
 84         printf("%d,%p,%p\n", p->data, p, p->pNext);
 85     }
 86 }
 87 
 88 //查找第一个指定元素
 89 PNODE findfirst(PNODE phead, int data)
 90 {
 91     if (phead == NULL)
 92     {
 93         return NULL;
 94     }
 95     else if (phead->pNext == phead)
 96     {
 97         if (phead->data == data)
 98         {
 99             return phead;
100         }
101     }
102     else
103     {
104         PNODE p = phead;
105         while (p->pNext != phead)
106         {
107             if (p->data == data)
108             {
109                 return p;
110             }
111             p = p->pNext;
112         }
113         if (p->data == data)
114         {
115             return p;
116         }
117     }
118 
119     return NULL;
120 }
121 
122 //删除指定结点  判断有几个结点1.1个 2.大于一个(大于一个要判断是否是头结点)
123 PNODE deletefirst(PNODE phead, int data)
124 {
125     //p2用于保存p1的前一个位置
126     PNODE p1 = NULL;
127     PNODE p2 = NULL;
128     p1 = phead;
129 
130     //如果只有 一个结点
131     if (p1->pNext == phead)
132     {
133         if (p1->data == data)
134         {
135             return NULL;
136         }
137         else
138         {
139             return phead;
140          }
141     }
142     //如果结点数大于一个
143     else
144     {
145         //先判断头结点,如果头结点是则要删除头结点
146         if (phead->data == data)
147         {
148             //遍历到尾部
149             while (p1->pNext != phead)
150             {
151                 p1 = p1->pNext;
152             }
153             //尾部的后一个结点是头结点的后一个结点
154             p1->pNext = phead->pNext;
155             //释放头结点
156             free(phead);
157             //把尾接电脑的后一个赋给phead
158             phead = p1->pNext;
159         }
160         else
161         {
162             //如果头结点不是要删除的结点,则从后一个开始遍历,p2保存p1移动前的位置
163             p2 = p1;
164             p1 = phead->pNext;
165             //遍历到头结点
166             while (p1 != phead)
167             {
168                 if (p1->data == data)
169                 {
170                     break;
171                 }
172                 else
173                 {
174                     p2 = p1;
175                     p1 = p1->pNext;
176                 }
177             }
178             //判断是否找到结点
179             if (p1 != phead)
180             {
181                 p2->pNext = p1->pNext;
182                 free(p1);
183             }
184         }
185         return phead;
186     }    
187 }
188 
189 //统计有多少个结点
190 int getnum(PNODE phead)
191 {
192     if (phead == NULL)
193     {
194         return 0;
195     }
196     else
197     {
198         int num = 1;
199         PNODE p = phead;
200         while (p->pNext != phead)
201         {
202             num++;
203             p = p->pNext;
204         }
205         return num;
206     }
207 }
208 
209 //在指定元素之后插入一个数据 先判断有几个结点 1.1个  2.大于1个
210 PNODE insertfirst(PNODE phead, int finddata, int data)
211 {
212     PNODE pnew = (PNODE)malloc(sizeof(node));
213     pnew->data = data;
214 
215     if (phead == NULL)
216     {
217         return NULL;
218     }
219     //如果只有一个结点
220     else if (phead->pNext == phead)
221     {
222         if (phead->data == finddata)
223         {
224             phead->pNext = pnew;
225             pnew->pNext = phead;
226             return phead;
227         }
228     }
229     else
230     {
231         PNODE p = phead;
232         while (p->pNext != phead)
233         {
234             if (p->data == finddata)
235             {
236                 pnew->pNext = p->pNext;
237                 p->pNext = pnew;
238                 return phead;
239             }
240             p = p->pNext;
241         }
242         if (p->data == finddata)
243         {
244             p->pNext = pnew;
245             pnew->pNext = phead;
246             return phead;
247         }
248     }
249 
250 }
251 
252 void main()
253 {
254     PNODE phead = NULL;//头结点
255 
256     //添加
257     for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
258     {
259         phead = addback(phead, i);//插入数据
260     }
261     showall(phead);
262     printf("\n\n");
263 
264     ////查找
265     //PNODE pfind = findfirst(phead, 6);
266     //pfind->data = 30;
267 
268     //删除
269     /*phead = deletefirst(phead, 1);
270     showall(phead);
271     printf("\n\n");*/
272 
273     //printf("结点个数:%d\n", getnum(phead));
274 
275     //指定元素之后插入数据
276     /*phead = insertfirst(phead, 0,100);
277     showall(phead);
278     printf("\n\n");*/
279     //p是首地址
280     PNODE p = phead;
281     while (getnum(phead) != 1)
282     {
283         //往后数四下,然后删除
284         for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
285         {
286             p = p->pNext;
287         }
288         PNODE pback = p->pNext;//备份p的后一个结点的位置,否则删除后p就被回收,不能再使用了
289         phead = deletefirst(phead, p->data);
290         p = pback;
291 
292         showall(phead);
293         printf("\n\n");
294     }
295     system("pause");
296 }