廖雪峰Java13网络编程-2Email编程-2接收Email

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-04 13:19:28 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-04 13:19:28 发布

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文章标签：网络 java

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/csj2018/p/11257193.html

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1接收Email协议类型

接收Email：收件人通过MUA软件把邮件从MDA抓取到本地计算机的过程。

1.1 POP3

从MUA到MDA使用最广泛的是协议是POP3

Post Office Protocol version 3，建立在tcp之上的协议
标准端口110
整个会话加密，加密端口995

1.2 IMAP

与POP3的区别：IMAP在本地的所有操作都会自动同步到服务器上，允许用户自己创建文件夹

Internet Mail Access Protocol
标准端口143
加密端口993

2如何接收Email

使用Java Mail API，实现邮件的接收
无需关心POP3协议原理

    //创建session
    Session session = Session.getInstance(props, null);
    //创建Store对象，代表用户在邮件服务器上的整个存储
    Store store = new POP3SSLStore(session, url);
    //获取Folder对象，最常用的是收件箱INBOX
    Folder folder = store.getFolder("INBOX");
    //获取Message：返回收件箱所有的邮件，并循环处理message对象
    Message[] messages = folder.getMessages();
    for(Message message:messages){
        ...
    }

package com.feiyangedu.sample.pop3;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Flags;
import javax.mail.Folder;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Part;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Store;
import javax.mail.URLName;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage.RecipientType;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

import com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3SSLStore;

public class Pop3 {

    final String popHost;
    final String username;
    final String password;
    final boolean debug;

    public Pop3(String popHost, String username, String password) {
        this.popHost = popHost;
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.debug = true;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Pop3 pop = new Pop3("pop.qq.com","123456789@qq.com","pop3授权码");//注意，不能用手机号，要用qq号
        Folder folder = null;
        Store store = null;
        try {
            store = pop.createSSLStore(); //获取到Store对象后，就可以获取Folder对象
            folder = store.getFolder("INBOX"); 
            folder.open(Folder.READ_WRITE);
            System.out.println("Total messages: " + folder.getMessageCount()); //邮件数量
            System.out.println("New messages: " + folder.getNewMessageCount()); //新邮件数量
            System.out.println("Unread messages: " + folder.getUnreadMessageCount()); //未读邮件数量
            System.out.println("Deleted messages: " + folder.getDeletedMessageCount()); //已删除的邮件数量
            Message[] messages = folder.getMessages();
            for (Message message : messages) {
                printMessage((MimeMessage) message);
            }
        } finally {
            if (folder != null) {
                try {
                    folder.close(true);
                } catch (MessagingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (store != null) {
                try {
                    store.close();
                } catch (MessagingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
        //创建Store对象
    public Store createSSLStore() throws MessagingException {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.setProperty("mail.store.protocol", "pop3");
        props.setProperty("mail.pop3.port", "995"); // 主机端口号
        props.setProperty("mail.pop3.host", this.popHost);// POP3主机名
        // 启动SSL:
        props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
        props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "995");
        URLName url = new URLName("pop3", this.popHost, 995, "", this.username, this.password);
        Session session = Session.getInstance(props, null);
        session.setDebug(this.debug); // 显示调试信息
        Store store = new POP3SSLStore(session, url);
        store.connect(); //连接到服务器
        return store;
    }

    Session createTLSStore() {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("mail.smtp.host", this.popHost); // POP3主机名
        props.put("mail.smtp.port", "587"); // 主机端口号
        props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 是否需要用户认证
        props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true"); // 启用TLS加密
        Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                return new PasswordAuthentication(Pop3.this.username, Pop3.this.password);
            }
        });
        session.setDebug(this.debug); // 显示调试信息
        return session;
    }

    Session createInsecureStore() {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("mail.smtp.host", this.popHost); // POP3主机名
        props.put("mail.smtp.port", "25"); // 主机端口号
        props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 是否需要用户认证
        Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                return new PasswordAuthentication(Pop3.this.username, Pop3.this.password);
            }
        });
        session.setDebug(this.debug); // 显示调试信息
        return session;
    }

    static void printMessage(MimeMessage msg) throws IOException, MessagingException {
        System.out.println("--------------------");
        System.out.println("Subject: " + MimeUtility.decodeText(msg.getSubject())); //邮件的主题
        System.out.println("From: " + getFrom(msg)); //发件人
        System.out.println("To: " + getTo(msg)); //收件人
        System.out.println("Sent: " + msg.getSentDate().toString()); //发送时间
        System.out.println("Seen: " + msg.getFlags().contains(Flags.Flag.SEEN)); //是否已读
        System.out.println("Priority: " + getPriority(msg)); //优先级
        System.out.println("Size: " + msg.getSize() / 1024 + "kb"); //邮件大小
        System.out.println("Body: " + getBody(msg)); //邮件正文
        System.out.println("--------------------");
        System.out.println();
    }

    static String getFrom(MimeMessage msg) throws IOException, MessagingException {
        Address[] froms = msg.getFrom();
        return addressToString(froms[0]);
    }

    static String getTo(MimeMessage msg) throws MessagingException, IOException {
        // 使用 msg.getAllRecipients() 获取所有收件人
        Address[] tos = msg.getRecipients(RecipientType.TO);
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Address to : tos) {
            list.add(addressToString(to));
        }
        return String.join(", ", list);
    }

    static String addressToString(Address addr) throws IOException {
        InternetAddress address = (InternetAddress) addr;
        String personal = address.getPersonal();
        return personal == null ? address.getAddress()
                : (MimeUtility.decodeText(personal) + " <" + address.getAddress() + ">");
    }

    static String getPriority(MimeMessage msg) throws MessagingException {
        String priority = "Normal";
        String[] headers = msg.getHeader("X-Priority");
        if (headers != null) {
            String header = headers[0];
            if ("1".equals(header) || "high".equalsIgnoreCase(header)) {
                priority = "High";
            } else if ("5".equals(header) || "low".equalsIgnoreCase(header)) {
                priority = "Low";
            }
        }
        return priority;
    }

    static String getBody(Part part) throws MessagingException, IOException {
        if (part.isMimeType("text/*")) {//如果邮件的正文是text开头，是一个文本邮件或html邮件
            return part.getContent().toString();
        }
        if (part.isMimeType("multipart/*")) { //如果是以multipart开头，那么他是一个带附件的邮件，还需要递归的把附件的内容读出来
            Multipart multipart = (Multipart) part.getContent();
            for (int i = 0; i < multipart.getCount(); i++) {
                BodyPart bodyPart = multipart.getBodyPart(i);
                String body = getBody(bodyPart);
                if (!body.isEmpty()) {
                    return body;
                }
            }
        }
        return "";
    }
}