原文:
WPF:如何实现单实例的应用程序(Single Instance)
好吧,这是我将WPF与Windows Forms进行比较的系列文章的第四篇,讨论一下如何实现单实例(single instance)
先来看第一种最简单粗暴的做法:
检测进程名,如果名称一样,则表示程序已经启动了,就不再启动.
protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e)
{
// Get Reference to the current Process
Process thisProc = Process.GetCurrentProcess();
// Check how many total processes have the same name as the current one
if (Process.GetProcessesByName(thisProc.ProcessName).Length > 1)
{
// If ther is more than one, than it is already running.
MessageBox.Show("Application is already running.");
Application.Current.Shutdown();
return;
}
base.OnStartup(e);
}
很简单,不是吗?但简单有什么错呢? 它很实用.
[注意]这个代码如果在visual studio中调试则无效,因为visual studio调试用的进程是加了一个vshost的后缀的。
第二种方案我觉得应该还是可以用来实现嘛,看看下面的代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Threading;
namespace WpfApplication1
{
/// <summary>
/// App.xaml 的交互逻辑
/// </summary>
public partial class App : Application
{
protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e)
{
bool createNew;
Mutex mutex = new Mutex(true, "MyApplication", out createNew);
if (createNew)
base.OnStartup(e);
else
{
MessageBox.Show("程序已经启动了");
Application.Current.Shutdown();
}
}
}
}
这一种做法的结果与第一种很类似,或者说没有任何区别。
看起来解决问题了,但仍然不是很理想的。最好的情况是,当用户开启第二个实例的时候,如果第一个实例没有处于活动状态,则应该激活它。
我们很自然还是联想到了原先在Windows Forms时代的WindowsFormsApplicationBase,那里面做这个事情太简单了。
首先,添加Microsoft.VisualBasic的引用
namespace WpfApplication1
{
public class EntryPoint
{
[STAThread]
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
SingleInstanceManager manager = new SingleInstanceManager();
manager.Run(args);
}
}
// Using VB bits to detect single instances and process accordingly:
// * OnStartup is fired when the first instance loads
// * OnStartupNextInstance is fired when the application is re-run again
// NOTE: it is redirected to this instance thanks to IsSingleInstance
public class SingleInstanceManager : WindowsFormsApplicationBase
{
SingleInstanceApplication app;
public SingleInstanceManager()
{
this.IsSingleInstance = true;
}
protected override bool OnStartup(Microsoft.VisualBasic.ApplicationServices.StartupEventArgs e)
{
// First time app is launched
app = new SingleInstanceApplication();
app.Run();
return false;
}
protected override void OnStartupNextInstance(StartupNextInstanceEventArgs eventArgs)
{
// Subsequent launches
base.OnStartupNextInstance(eventArgs);
app.Activate();
}
}
public class SingleInstanceApplication : Application
{
protected override void OnStartup(System.Windows.StartupEventArgs e)
{
base.OnStartup(e);
// Create and show the application's main window
//MainWindow window = new MainWindow();
Window1 window = new Window1();
window.Show();
}
public void Activate()
{
// Reactivate application's main window
this.MainWindow.Show();
this.MainWindow.Activate();
}
}
}