android运行过程简书,Android 系统服务 - AMS 的启动过程

相关文章链接：

相关源码文件：

/frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java

/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/SystemServiceManager.java

/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/ServiceThread.java

/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java

ActivityManagerService 是 Android 中非常重要的一个服务，主要功能是管理和启动四大组件。其源代码大约有 2W 多行，这里我们主要来分析其启动过程，后面的文章我们肯定还会分析具体的源码细节。AMS 是由 SystemServer 进程启动的，对于这个有不了解的同学请看这里《Android Framework - 开机启动 SystemServer 进程》

private void startBootstrapServices() {

...

// 启动 AMS 服务

mActivityManagerService = mSystemServiceManager.startService(

ActivityManagerService.Lifecycle.class).getService();

// 设置 AMS 的系统服务管理器

mActivityManagerService.setSystemServiceManager(mSystemServiceManager);

// 设置 AMS 的 APP 安装器

mActivityManagerService.setInstaller(installer);

...

// 设置 SystemServer

mActivityManagerService.setSystemProcess();

}

public static final class Lifecycle extends SystemService {

private final ActivityManagerService mService;

public Lifecycle(Context context) {

super(context);

// 创建 ActivityManagerService

mService = new ActivityManagerService(context);

}

@Override

public void onStart() {

// 调用 start 方法

mService.start();

}

// 获取 ActivityManagerService

public ActivityManagerService getService() {

return mService;

}

}

// Note: This method is invoked on the main thread but may need to attach various

// handlers to other threads. So take care to be explicit about the looper.

public ActivityManagerService(Context systemContext) {

mContext = systemContext;

// 获取 ActivityThread

mSystemThread = ActivityThread.currentActivityThread();

// 创建名为"ActivityManager"的前台 HandlerThread

mHandlerThread = new ServiceThread(TAG,

android.os.Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_FOREGROUND, false /*allowIo*/);

// 启动 ServiceThread

mHandlerThread.start();

// 创建一个 MainHandler 与 mHandlerThread 公用一个 looper

mHandler = new MainHandler(mHandlerThread.getLooper());

// 创建 UiHandler 其内部也会创建一个 HandlerThread

mUiHandler = new UiHandler();

// 前台和后台广播接收队列，分别是 10s 和 60s 放弃执行

mFgBroadcastQueue = new BroadcastQueue(this, mHandler,

"foreground", BROADCAST_FG_TIMEOUT, false);

mBgBroadcastQueue = new BroadcastQueue(this, mHandler,

"background", BROADCAST_BG_TIMEOUT, true);

mBroadcastQueues[0] = mFgBroadcastQueue;

mBroadcastQueues[1] = mBgBroadcastQueue;

// 创建目录/data/system

File dataDir = Environment.getDataDirectory();

File systemDir = new File(dataDir, "system");

systemDir.mkdirs();

// 创建 BatteryStatsService，相当于电表

mBatteryStatsService = new BatteryStatsService(systemDir, mHandler);

mBatteryStatsService.getActiveStatistics().readLocked();

mBatteryStatsService.scheduleWriteToDisk();

mBatteryStatsService.getActiveStatistics().setCallback(this);

// 创建进程统计服务，信息保存在目录 /data/system/procstats，

mProcessStats = new ProcessStatsService(this, new File(systemDir, "procstats"));

...

// 创建 ActivityStackSupervisor 对象

mStackSupervisor = new ActivityStackSupervisor(this, mRecentTasks);

mTaskPersister = new TaskPersister(systemDir, mStackSupervisor, mRecentTasks);

// 创建名为 "CpuTracker" 的线程

mProcessCpuThread = new Thread("CpuTracker") {

@Override

public void run() {

while (true) {

try {

...

updateCpuStatsNow();

} catch (Exception e) {

Slog.e(TAG, "Unexpected exception collecting process stats", e);

}

}

}

};

// 看门狗

Watchdog.getInstance().addMonitor(this);

Watchdog.getInstance().addThread(mHandler);

}

在 SystemService 进程的启动过程中会调用 startBootstrapServices 方法，其内部会启动 AMS 服务，在 ActivityManagerService 的构造函数中会创建三个线程分别是 ActivityManager 、UI 和 CpuTracker。我们接着看 start 方法：

private void start() {

// 移除所有的进程组

Process.removeAllProcessGroups();

// 启动 CpuTracker 线程

mProcessCpuThread.start();

// 把电表服务注册添加到 ServiceManager

mBatteryStatsService.publish(mContext);

mAppOpsService.publish(mContext);

Slog.d("AppOps", "AppOpsService published");

LocalServices.addService(ActivityManagerInternal.class, new LocalService());

}

public void setSystemProcess() {

try {

// 把自己加到 ServiceManager ，然后注册额外的一些服务

ServiceManager.addService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE, this, true);

ServiceManager.addService(ProcessStats.SERVICE_NAME, mProcessStats);

ServiceManager.addService("meminfo", new MemBinder(this));

ServiceManager.addService("gfxinfo", new GraphicsBinder(this));

ServiceManager.addService("dbinfo", new DbBinder(this));

if (MONITOR_CPU_USAGE) {

ServiceManager.addService("cpuinfo", new CpuBinder(this));

}

ServiceManager.addService("permission", new PermissionController(this));

ServiceManager.addService("processinfo", new ProcessInfoService(this));

// 通过 pms 获取 ApplicationInfo 信息

ApplicationInfo info = mContext.getPackageManager().getApplicationInfo(

"android", STOCK_PM_FLAGS);

// 初始化 ApplicationInfo 和 ClassLoader

mSystemThread.installSystemApplicationInfo(info, getClass().getClassLoader());

synchronized (this) {

// 创建 ProcessRecord 对象

ProcessRecord app = newProcessRecordLocked(info, info.processName, false, 0);

app.persistent = true;

app.pid = MY_PID;

app.maxAdj = ProcessList.SYSTEM_ADJ;

app.makeActive(mSystemThread.getApplicationThread(), mProcessStats);

synchronized (mPidsSelfLocked) {

mPidsSelfLocked.put(app.pid, app);

}

updateLruProcessLocked(app, false, null);

updateOomAdjLocked();

}

} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {

throw new RuntimeException(

"Unable to find android system package", e);

}

}

private void startOtherServices() {

...

// 安装系统 Provider

mActivityManagerService.installSystemProviders();

...

mActivityManagerService.systemReady(new Runnable() {

public void run() {

// 启动 WebView

WebViewFactory.prepareWebViewInSystemServer();

// 启动 SystemUi

startSystemUi(context);

// 调用一系列服务的 systemReady 方法

...

// 调用一系列服务的 systemRunning 方法

...

}

}

}

public void systemReady(final Runnable goingCallback) {

...

// 执行 Callback 的 run 方法

if (goingCallback != null) goingCallback.run();

// Start up initial activity.

mBooting = true;

// 启动桌面 Activity 进程

startHomeActivityLocked(mCurrentUserId, "systemReady");

}

static final void startSystemUi(Context context) {

Intent intent = new Intent();

intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.android.systemui",

"com.android.systemui.SystemUIService"));

//Slog.d(TAG, "Starting service: " + intent);

context.startServiceAsUser(intent, UserHandle.OWNER);

}

关于 AMS 的启动流程还是很简单的，调用构造函数会初始化三个线程；调用 setSystemProcess 方法中会向 ServcieManager 进程额外发布一些服务：procstats(进程信息)、meminfo(内存信息)、gfxinfo(图形信息)、cpuinfo(cpu信息)、permission(权限)、processinfo(应用使用情况)等；调用 systemReady 方法首先会启动 SystemUIService，然后执行一系列服务的 systemReady 和 systemRunning 方法，最后启动桌面 Activity 进程。